Ankle-Brachial Index Is Independently Associated With Cardiovascular Outcomes and Foot Ulcers in Asian Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background and AimsThe ankle-brachial index (ABI) is an efficient tool for objectively documenting the presence of lower-extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The predictive factors of cardiovascular events and diabetic foot ulcer were not clear from the ABI examination in Taiwanese patients...

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Autores principales:	Ming-Chi Yang, Yu-Yao Huang, Sheng-Hwu Hsieh, Jui-Hung Sun, Chih-Ching Wang, Chia-Hung Lin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	diabetic foot peripheral arterial disease ankle-brachial index (ABI) type 2 diabetes mellitus cardiovascular complications Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology RC648-665
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bb3da97a8a794a0084922c5556ffee70
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bb3da97a8a794a0084922c5556ffee702021-11-18T07:13:17ZAnkle-Brachial Index Is Independently Associated With Cardiovascular Outcomes and Foot Ulcers in Asian Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus1664-239210.3389/fendo.2021.752995https://doaj.org/article/bb3da97a8a794a0084922c5556ffee702021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.752995/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-2392Background and AimsThe ankle-brachial index (ABI) is an efficient tool for objectively documenting the presence of lower-extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The predictive factors of cardiovascular events and diabetic foot ulcer were not clear from the ABI examination in Taiwanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).MethodsWe enrolled 482 patients with type 2 DM who regularly visited the outpatient department of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and received ABI as well as brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (ba-PWV) examinations from 2010 to 2017. Age, gender, PAD symptoms, comorbidities, family history of chronic diseases, lifestyle (smoking, alcohol consumption, and exercise), height, weight, waist circumference, monofilament testing and foot ulcer status were studied.ResultsThere were 104 (22%) patients (mean age, 67.8 years) with the ABI <1.0. These patients with low ABI (ABI<1.0) had a significantly older age (p=0.001), higher delta PWV (p<0.001), higher rates of stroke (p=0.007), myocardial infarction (p=0.016), and foot ulcer (p=0.039). In a multivariable analysis model, the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for myocardial infarction, stroke, and foot ulcers associated with low ABI were 1.219 (0.397-3.743, p=0.729), 1.204 (0.556-2.610, p=0.638), and 2.712 (1.199-6.133, p=0.017), respectively. The patients with low PWV (PWV<1400 cm/s) were significantly younger (p<0.001) and had a lower rate of hypertension (p<0.001), and higher percentages of stroke (p=0.027) and dialysis (p=0.041) family history.ConclusionsLow ABI was associated with cardiovascular events and diabetic foot ulcer independently in patients with type 2 DM.Ming-Chi YangYu-Yao HuangSheng-Hwu HsiehJui-Hung SunChih-Ching WangChia-Hung LinFrontiers Media S.A.articlediabetic footperipheral arterial diseaseankle-brachial index (ABI)type 2 diabetes mellituscardiovascular complicationsDiseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinologyRC648-665ENFrontiers in Endocrinology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	diabetic foot peripheral arterial disease ankle-brachial index (ABI) type 2 diabetes mellitus cardiovascular complications Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology RC648-665
spellingShingle	diabetic foot peripheral arterial disease ankle-brachial index (ABI) type 2 diabetes mellitus cardiovascular complications Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology RC648-665 Ming-Chi Yang Yu-Yao Huang Sheng-Hwu Hsieh Jui-Hung Sun Chih-Ching Wang Chia-Hung Lin Ankle-Brachial Index Is Independently Associated With Cardiovascular Outcomes and Foot Ulcers in Asian Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
description	Background and AimsThe ankle-brachial index (ABI) is an efficient tool for objectively documenting the presence of lower-extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The predictive factors of cardiovascular events and diabetic foot ulcer were not clear from the ABI examination in Taiwanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).MethodsWe enrolled 482 patients with type 2 DM who regularly visited the outpatient department of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and received ABI as well as brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (ba-PWV) examinations from 2010 to 2017. Age, gender, PAD symptoms, comorbidities, family history of chronic diseases, lifestyle (smoking, alcohol consumption, and exercise), height, weight, waist circumference, monofilament testing and foot ulcer status were studied.ResultsThere were 104 (22%) patients (mean age, 67.8 years) with the ABI <1.0. These patients with low ABI (ABI<1.0) had a significantly older age (p=0.001), higher delta PWV (p<0.001), higher rates of stroke (p=0.007), myocardial infarction (p=0.016), and foot ulcer (p=0.039). In a multivariable analysis model, the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for myocardial infarction, stroke, and foot ulcers associated with low ABI were 1.219 (0.397-3.743, p=0.729), 1.204 (0.556-2.610, p=0.638), and 2.712 (1.199-6.133, p=0.017), respectively. The patients with low PWV (PWV<1400 cm/s) were significantly younger (p<0.001) and had a lower rate of hypertension (p<0.001), and higher percentages of stroke (p=0.027) and dialysis (p=0.041) family history.ConclusionsLow ABI was associated with cardiovascular events and diabetic foot ulcer independently in patients with type 2 DM.
format	article
author	Ming-Chi Yang Yu-Yao Huang Sheng-Hwu Hsieh Jui-Hung Sun Chih-Ching Wang Chia-Hung Lin
author_facet	Ming-Chi Yang Yu-Yao Huang Sheng-Hwu Hsieh Jui-Hung Sun Chih-Ching Wang Chia-Hung Lin
author_sort	Ming-Chi Yang
title	Ankle-Brachial Index Is Independently Associated With Cardiovascular Outcomes and Foot Ulcers in Asian Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
title_short	Ankle-Brachial Index Is Independently Associated With Cardiovascular Outcomes and Foot Ulcers in Asian Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
title_full	Ankle-Brachial Index Is Independently Associated With Cardiovascular Outcomes and Foot Ulcers in Asian Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
title_fullStr	Ankle-Brachial Index Is Independently Associated With Cardiovascular Outcomes and Foot Ulcers in Asian Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
title_full_unstemmed	Ankle-Brachial Index Is Independently Associated With Cardiovascular Outcomes and Foot Ulcers in Asian Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
title_sort	ankle-brachial index is independently associated with cardiovascular outcomes and foot ulcers in asian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/bb3da97a8a794a0084922c5556ffee70
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Ankle-Brachial Index Is Independently Associated With Cardiovascular Outcomes and Foot Ulcers in Asian Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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