Proof-of-principle experimental demonstration of twin-field quantum key distribution over optical channels with asymmetric losses

Abstract Twin-field (TF) quantum key distribution (QKD) is highly attractive because it can beat the fundamental limit of secret key rate for point-to-point QKD without quantum repeaters. Many theoretical and experimental studies have shown the superiority of TFQKD in long-distance communication. Al...

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Autores principales:	Xiaoqing Zhong, Wenyuan Wang, Li Qian, Hoi-Kwong Lo
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Physics QC1-999 Electronic computers. Computer science QA75.5-76.95
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bb5fae24a3db4180963f9265ae8a6822
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bb5fae24a3db4180963f9265ae8a68222021-12-02T10:48:14ZProof-of-principle experimental demonstration of twin-field quantum key distribution over optical channels with asymmetric losses10.1038/s41534-020-00343-52056-6387https://doaj.org/article/bb5fae24a3db4180963f9265ae8a68222021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-020-00343-5https://doaj.org/toc/2056-6387Abstract Twin-field (TF) quantum key distribution (QKD) is highly attractive because it can beat the fundamental limit of secret key rate for point-to-point QKD without quantum repeaters. Many theoretical and experimental studies have shown the superiority of TFQKD in long-distance communication. All previous experimental implementations of TFQKD have been done over optical channels with symmetric losses. But in reality, especially in a network setting, the distances between users and the middle node could be very different. In this paper, we perform a proof-of-principle experimental demonstration of TFQKD over optical channels with asymmetric losses. We compare two compensation strategies, that are (1) applying asymmetric signal intensities and (2) adding extra losses, and verify that strategy (1) provides much better key rate. Moreover, the higher the loss, the more key rate enhancement it can achieve. By applying asymmetric signal intensities, TFQKD with asymmetric channel losses not only surpasses the fundamental limit of key rate of point-to-point QKD for 50 dB overall loss, but also has key rate as high as 2.918 × 10−6 for 56 dB overall loss. Whereas no keys are obtained with strategy (2) for 56 dB loss. The increased key rate and enlarged distance coverage of TFQKD with asymmetric channel losses guarantee its superiority in long-distance quantum networks.Xiaoqing ZhongWenyuan WangLi QianHoi-Kwong LoNature PortfolioarticlePhysicsQC1-999Electronic computers. Computer scienceQA75.5-76.95ENnpj Quantum Information, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-6 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Physics QC1-999 Electronic computers. Computer science QA75.5-76.95
spellingShingle	Physics QC1-999 Electronic computers. Computer science QA75.5-76.95 Xiaoqing Zhong Wenyuan Wang Li Qian Hoi-Kwong Lo Proof-of-principle experimental demonstration of twin-field quantum key distribution over optical channels with asymmetric losses
description	Abstract Twin-field (TF) quantum key distribution (QKD) is highly attractive because it can beat the fundamental limit of secret key rate for point-to-point QKD without quantum repeaters. Many theoretical and experimental studies have shown the superiority of TFQKD in long-distance communication. All previous experimental implementations of TFQKD have been done over optical channels with symmetric losses. But in reality, especially in a network setting, the distances between users and the middle node could be very different. In this paper, we perform a proof-of-principle experimental demonstration of TFQKD over optical channels with asymmetric losses. We compare two compensation strategies, that are (1) applying asymmetric signal intensities and (2) adding extra losses, and verify that strategy (1) provides much better key rate. Moreover, the higher the loss, the more key rate enhancement it can achieve. By applying asymmetric signal intensities, TFQKD with asymmetric channel losses not only surpasses the fundamental limit of key rate of point-to-point QKD for 50 dB overall loss, but also has key rate as high as 2.918 × 10−6 for 56 dB overall loss. Whereas no keys are obtained with strategy (2) for 56 dB loss. The increased key rate and enlarged distance coverage of TFQKD with asymmetric channel losses guarantee its superiority in long-distance quantum networks.
format	article
author	Xiaoqing Zhong Wenyuan Wang Li Qian Hoi-Kwong Lo
author_facet	Xiaoqing Zhong Wenyuan Wang Li Qian Hoi-Kwong Lo
author_sort	Xiaoqing Zhong
title	Proof-of-principle experimental demonstration of twin-field quantum key distribution over optical channels with asymmetric losses
title_short	Proof-of-principle experimental demonstration of twin-field quantum key distribution over optical channels with asymmetric losses
title_full	Proof-of-principle experimental demonstration of twin-field quantum key distribution over optical channels with asymmetric losses
title_fullStr	Proof-of-principle experimental demonstration of twin-field quantum key distribution over optical channels with asymmetric losses
title_full_unstemmed	Proof-of-principle experimental demonstration of twin-field quantum key distribution over optical channels with asymmetric losses
title_sort	proof-of-principle experimental demonstration of twin-field quantum key distribution over optical channels with asymmetric losses
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/bb5fae24a3db4180963f9265ae8a6822
work_keys_str_mv	AT xiaoqingzhong proofofprincipleexperimentaldemonstrationoftwinfieldquantumkeydistributionoveropticalchannelswithasymmetriclosses AT wenyuanwang proofofprincipleexperimentaldemonstrationoftwinfieldquantumkeydistributionoveropticalchannelswithasymmetriclosses AT liqian proofofprincipleexperimentaldemonstrationoftwinfieldquantumkeydistributionoveropticalchannelswithasymmetriclosses AT hoikwonglo proofofprincipleexperimentaldemonstrationoftwinfieldquantumkeydistributionoveropticalchannelswithasymmetriclosses
_version_	1718396670804230144

Proof-of-principle experimental demonstration of twin-field quantum key distribution over optical channels with asymmetric losses

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