Astaxanthin Ameliorates high-fat diet-induced cardiac damage and fibrosis by upregulating and activating SIRT1

This study evaluated the protective effect of astaxanthin (ASX) against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced cardiac damage and fibrosis in rats and examined if the mechanism of protection involves modulating SIRT1. Rat were divided into 5 groups (n = 10/group) as: 1) control: fed normal diet (3.82 kcal/g),...

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Autores principales:	Abdullah S. Shatoor, Suliman Al Humayed
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Astaxanthin Inflammation Fibrosis Heart High fat diet Oxidative stress Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bb79c3c3ba3a4cfc961cba2670d1f607
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bb79c3c3ba3a4cfc961cba2670d1f6072021-11-20T04:56:36ZAstaxanthin Ameliorates high-fat diet-induced cardiac damage and fibrosis by upregulating and activating SIRT11319-562X10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.07.079https://doaj.org/article/bb79c3c3ba3a4cfc961cba2670d1f6072021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319562X21006616https://doaj.org/toc/1319-562XThis study evaluated the protective effect of astaxanthin (ASX) against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced cardiac damage and fibrosis in rats and examined if the mechanism of protection involves modulating SIRT1. Rat were divided into 5 groups (n = 10/group) as: 1) control: fed normal diet (3.82 kcal/g), 2) control + ASX (200 mg/kg/orally), 3) HFD: fed HFD (4.7 kcal/g), 4) HFD + ASX (200 mg/kg/orally), and HFD + ASX + EX-527 (1 mg/kg/i.p) (a selective SIRT1 inhibitor). All treatments were conducted for 14 weeks. Administration of ASX reduced cardiomyocyte damage, inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration, preserved cardiac fibers structure, prevented collagen deposition and protein levels of TGF-β 1 in the left ventricles (LVs) of HFD-fed rats. In the LVs of both the control and HFD-fed rat, ASX significantly reduced levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and p-smad2/3 (Lys19) but increased the levels of glutathione (GSH), catalase, and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD). Concomitantly, it increased the nuclear activity of Nrf2 and reduced that of NF-κB p65. Furthermore, administration of ASX to both the control and HFD-fed rats increased total and nuclear levels of SIRT1, stimulated the nuclear activity of SIRT1, and reduced the acetylation of Nrf2, NF-κB p65, and Smad3. All these cardiac beneficial effects of ASX in the HFD-fed rats were abolished by co-administration of EX-527. In conclusion, ASX stimulates antioxidants and inhibits markers of inflammation under basal and HFD conditions. The mechanism of protection involves, at least, activation SIRT1 signaling.Abdullah S. ShatoorSuliman Al HumayedElsevierarticleAstaxanthinInflammationFibrosisHeartHigh fat dietOxidative stressBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENSaudi Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol 28, Iss 12, Pp 7012-7021 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Astaxanthin Inflammation Fibrosis Heart High fat diet Oxidative stress Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Astaxanthin Inflammation Fibrosis Heart High fat diet Oxidative stress Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Abdullah S. Shatoor Suliman Al Humayed Astaxanthin Ameliorates high-fat diet-induced cardiac damage and fibrosis by upregulating and activating SIRT1
description	This study evaluated the protective effect of astaxanthin (ASX) against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced cardiac damage and fibrosis in rats and examined if the mechanism of protection involves modulating SIRT1. Rat were divided into 5 groups (n = 10/group) as: 1) control: fed normal diet (3.82 kcal/g), 2) control + ASX (200 mg/kg/orally), 3) HFD: fed HFD (4.7 kcal/g), 4) HFD + ASX (200 mg/kg/orally), and HFD + ASX + EX-527 (1 mg/kg/i.p) (a selective SIRT1 inhibitor). All treatments were conducted for 14 weeks. Administration of ASX reduced cardiomyocyte damage, inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration, preserved cardiac fibers structure, prevented collagen deposition and protein levels of TGF-β 1 in the left ventricles (LVs) of HFD-fed rats. In the LVs of both the control and HFD-fed rat, ASX significantly reduced levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and p-smad2/3 (Lys19) but increased the levels of glutathione (GSH), catalase, and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD). Concomitantly, it increased the nuclear activity of Nrf2 and reduced that of NF-κB p65. Furthermore, administration of ASX to both the control and HFD-fed rats increased total and nuclear levels of SIRT1, stimulated the nuclear activity of SIRT1, and reduced the acetylation of Nrf2, NF-κB p65, and Smad3. All these cardiac beneficial effects of ASX in the HFD-fed rats were abolished by co-administration of EX-527. In conclusion, ASX stimulates antioxidants and inhibits markers of inflammation under basal and HFD conditions. The mechanism of protection involves, at least, activation SIRT1 signaling.
format	article
author	Abdullah S. Shatoor Suliman Al Humayed
author_facet	Abdullah S. Shatoor Suliman Al Humayed
author_sort	Abdullah S. Shatoor
title	Astaxanthin Ameliorates high-fat diet-induced cardiac damage and fibrosis by upregulating and activating SIRT1
title_short	Astaxanthin Ameliorates high-fat diet-induced cardiac damage and fibrosis by upregulating and activating SIRT1
title_full	Astaxanthin Ameliorates high-fat diet-induced cardiac damage and fibrosis by upregulating and activating SIRT1
title_fullStr	Astaxanthin Ameliorates high-fat diet-induced cardiac damage and fibrosis by upregulating and activating SIRT1
title_full_unstemmed	Astaxanthin Ameliorates high-fat diet-induced cardiac damage and fibrosis by upregulating and activating SIRT1
title_sort	astaxanthin ameliorates high-fat diet-induced cardiac damage and fibrosis by upregulating and activating sirt1
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/bb79c3c3ba3a4cfc961cba2670d1f607
work_keys_str_mv	AT abdullahsshatoor astaxanthinameliorateshighfatdietinducedcardiacdamageandfibrosisbyupregulatingandactivatingsirt1 AT sulimanalhumayed astaxanthinameliorateshighfatdietinducedcardiacdamageandfibrosisbyupregulatingandactivatingsirt1
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Astaxanthin Ameliorates high-fat diet-induced cardiac damage and fibrosis by upregulating and activating SIRT1

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