GT Factor ZmGT-3b Is Associated With Regulation of Photosynthesis and Defense Response to Fusarium graminearum Infection in Maize Seedling

It is of critical importance for plants to correctly and efficiently allocate their resources between growth and defense to optimize fitness. Transcription factors (TFs) play crucial roles in the regulation of plant growth and defense response. Trihelix TFs display multifaceted functions in plant gr...

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Autores principales:	Qianqian Zhang, Tao Zhong, Lizhu E, Mingliang Xu, Weixing Dai, Shuchang Sun, Jianrong Ye
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	trihelix transcription factor ZmGT-3b photosynthesis defense response growth-to-defense balance Plant culture SB1-1110
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bb8d85f668fa4949acb33624c3155ab9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bb8d85f668fa4949acb33624c3155ab92021-11-18T15:04:48ZGT Factor ZmGT-3b Is Associated With Regulation of Photosynthesis and Defense Response to Fusarium graminearum Infection in Maize Seedling1664-462X10.3389/fpls.2021.724133https://doaj.org/article/bb8d85f668fa4949acb33624c3155ab92021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.724133/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-462XIt is of critical importance for plants to correctly and efficiently allocate their resources between growth and defense to optimize fitness. Transcription factors (TFs) play crucial roles in the regulation of plant growth and defense response. Trihelix TFs display multifaceted functions in plant growth, development, and responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses. In our previous investigation of maize stalk rot disease resistance mechanism, we found a trihelix TF gene, ZmGT-3b, which is primed for its response to Fusarium graminearum challenge by implementing a rapid and significant reduction of its expression to suppress seedling growth and enhance disease resistance. The disease resistance to F. graminearum was consistently increased and drought tolerance was improved, while seedling growth was suppressed and photosynthesis activity was significantly reduced in the ZmGT-3b knockdown seedlings. Thus, the seedlings finally led to show a kind of growth–defense trade-off phenotype. Moreover, photosynthesis-related genes were specifically downregulated, especially ZmHY5, which encodes a conserved central regulator of seedling development and light responses; ZmGT-3b was confirmed to be a novel interacting partner of ZmHY5 in yeast and in planta. Constitutive defense responses were synchronically activated in the ZmGT-3b knockdown seedlings as many defense-related genes were significantly upregulated, and the contents of major cell wall components, such as lignin, were increased in the ZmGT-3b knockdown seedlings. These suggest that ZmGT-3b is involved in the coordination of the metabolism during growth–defense trade-off by optimizing the temporal and spatial expression of photosynthesis- and defense-related genes.Qianqian ZhangTao ZhongLizhu EMingliang XuWeixing DaiShuchang SunJianrong YeFrontiers Media S.A.articletrihelix transcription factorZmGT-3bphotosynthesisdefense responsegrowth-to-defense balancePlant cultureSB1-1110ENFrontiers in Plant Science, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	trihelix transcription factor ZmGT-3b photosynthesis defense response growth-to-defense balance Plant culture SB1-1110
spellingShingle	trihelix transcription factor ZmGT-3b photosynthesis defense response growth-to-defense balance Plant culture SB1-1110 Qianqian Zhang Tao Zhong Lizhu E Mingliang Xu Weixing Dai Shuchang Sun Jianrong Ye GT Factor ZmGT-3b Is Associated With Regulation of Photosynthesis and Defense Response to Fusarium graminearum Infection in Maize Seedling
description	It is of critical importance for plants to correctly and efficiently allocate their resources between growth and defense to optimize fitness. Transcription factors (TFs) play crucial roles in the regulation of plant growth and defense response. Trihelix TFs display multifaceted functions in plant growth, development, and responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses. In our previous investigation of maize stalk rot disease resistance mechanism, we found a trihelix TF gene, ZmGT-3b, which is primed for its response to Fusarium graminearum challenge by implementing a rapid and significant reduction of its expression to suppress seedling growth and enhance disease resistance. The disease resistance to F. graminearum was consistently increased and drought tolerance was improved, while seedling growth was suppressed and photosynthesis activity was significantly reduced in the ZmGT-3b knockdown seedlings. Thus, the seedlings finally led to show a kind of growth–defense trade-off phenotype. Moreover, photosynthesis-related genes were specifically downregulated, especially ZmHY5, which encodes a conserved central regulator of seedling development and light responses; ZmGT-3b was confirmed to be a novel interacting partner of ZmHY5 in yeast and in planta. Constitutive defense responses were synchronically activated in the ZmGT-3b knockdown seedlings as many defense-related genes were significantly upregulated, and the contents of major cell wall components, such as lignin, were increased in the ZmGT-3b knockdown seedlings. These suggest that ZmGT-3b is involved in the coordination of the metabolism during growth–defense trade-off by optimizing the temporal and spatial expression of photosynthesis- and defense-related genes.
format	article
author	Qianqian Zhang Tao Zhong Lizhu E Mingliang Xu Weixing Dai Shuchang Sun Jianrong Ye
author_facet	Qianqian Zhang Tao Zhong Lizhu E Mingliang Xu Weixing Dai Shuchang Sun Jianrong Ye
author_sort	Qianqian Zhang
title	GT Factor ZmGT-3b Is Associated With Regulation of Photosynthesis and Defense Response to Fusarium graminearum Infection in Maize Seedling
title_short	GT Factor ZmGT-3b Is Associated With Regulation of Photosynthesis and Defense Response to Fusarium graminearum Infection in Maize Seedling
title_full	GT Factor ZmGT-3b Is Associated With Regulation of Photosynthesis and Defense Response to Fusarium graminearum Infection in Maize Seedling
title_fullStr	GT Factor ZmGT-3b Is Associated With Regulation of Photosynthesis and Defense Response to Fusarium graminearum Infection in Maize Seedling
title_full_unstemmed	GT Factor ZmGT-3b Is Associated With Regulation of Photosynthesis and Defense Response to Fusarium graminearum Infection in Maize Seedling
title_sort	gt factor zmgt-3b is associated with regulation of photosynthesis and defense response to fusarium graminearum infection in maize seedling
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/bb8d85f668fa4949acb33624c3155ab9
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GT Factor ZmGT-3b Is Associated With Regulation of Photosynthesis and Defense Response to Fusarium graminearum Infection in Maize Seedling

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