Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy changes in a longitudinal schizophrenia study: a pilot study in eleven patients

Beata Galińska-Skok,1 Agata Szulc,2 Aleksandra Małus,1 Beata Konarzewska,1 Urszula Cwalina,3 Eugeniusz Tarasów,4 Napoleon Waszkiewicz1 1Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Białystok, Choroszcz, Poland; 2Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University...

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Autores principales:	Galińska-Skok B, Szulc A, Małus A, Konarzewska B, Cwalina U, Tarasów E, Waszkiewicz N
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2019
Materias:	first-episode schizophrenia proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy longitudinal study cognitive functioning N-acetylaspartate choline Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bb8e77e98eb140338f96292b01a56286
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bb8e77e98eb140338f96292b01a562862021-12-02T09:20:47ZProton magnetic resonance spectroscopy changes in a longitudinal schizophrenia study: a pilot study in eleven patients1178-2021https://doaj.org/article/bb8e77e98eb140338f96292b01a562862019-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/proton-magnetic-resonance-spectroscopy-changes-in-a-longitudinal-schiz-peer-reviewed-article-NDThttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2021Beata Galińska-Skok,1 Agata Szulc,2 Aleksandra Małus,1 Beata Konarzewska,1 Urszula Cwalina,3 Eugeniusz Tarasów,4 Napoleon Waszkiewicz1 1Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Białystok, Choroszcz, Poland; 2Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Pruszków, Poland; 3Department of Statistics and Medical Informatics, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland; 4Department of Radiology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland Purpose: Investigation of the longitudinal effect of schizophrenia on changes in various brain-metabolite levels and their relationships with cognitive deficits that have not been fully explained yet.Methods: Five years subsequent to their first examination for their first episode of schizophrenia, eleven patients from an original group of 30 were reexamined. Their cognitive functions were assessed with the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. Magnetic resonance imaging and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy were performed on a 1.5 T scanner. Voxels of 8 cm3 were positioned in the left frontal lobe, left temporal lobe, and the left thalamus. The study had a naturalistic design, and patients were treated with various antipsychotics.Results: No significant statistical differences between the baseline and follow-up in N-acetylaspartate (NAA:creatine plus phosphocreatine [Cr] and NAA/H2O) levels were observed in any region of interest. We found a significant statistical correlation between 5-year difference in frontal NAA/Cr levels and duration of the last antipsychotic treatment in this period (R=0.908, P=0.012). We found a trend (P=0.068) toward lower choline-containing compounds (Cho/Cr ratio) in the temporal lobe over 5 years and a trend (P=0.079) in higher glutamate–glutamine–GABA (Glx/H2O) levels in the left thalamus. The patients showed social and clinical improvement at follow-up examination, and there were no changes in Wisconsin Card Sorting Test results.Conclusion: The observed tendency toward decline in choline ratio might have been due to decreased temporal cell density or impaired neuron-membrane or myelin functions. A tendency for higher Glx levels suggest the involvement of thalamus dysfunction in the chronic schizophrenia process. The lack of NAA decrease might have been due to effective antipsychotic treatment. Further longitudinal studies on large patient groups are required to confirm these metabolic changes in schizophrenia. Keywords: first-episode schizophrenia, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, longitudinal study, cognitive functioning, N-acetylaspartate, cholineGalińska-Skok BSzulc AMałus AKonarzewska BCwalina UTarasów EWaszkiewicz NDove Medical Pressarticlefirst-episode schizophreniaproton magnetic resonance spectroscopylongitudinal studycognitive functioningN-acetylaspartatecholineNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENNeuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Vol Volume 15, Pp 839-847 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	first-episode schizophrenia proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy longitudinal study cognitive functioning N-acetylaspartate choline Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
spellingShingle	first-episode schizophrenia proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy longitudinal study cognitive functioning N-acetylaspartate choline Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Galińska-Skok B Szulc A Małus A Konarzewska B Cwalina U Tarasów E Waszkiewicz N Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy changes in a longitudinal schizophrenia study: a pilot study in eleven patients
description	Beata Galińska-Skok,1 Agata Szulc,2 Aleksandra Małus,1 Beata Konarzewska,1 Urszula Cwalina,3 Eugeniusz Tarasów,4 Napoleon Waszkiewicz1 1Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Białystok, Choroszcz, Poland; 2Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Pruszków, Poland; 3Department of Statistics and Medical Informatics, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland; 4Department of Radiology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland Purpose: Investigation of the longitudinal effect of schizophrenia on changes in various brain-metabolite levels and their relationships with cognitive deficits that have not been fully explained yet.Methods: Five years subsequent to their first examination for their first episode of schizophrenia, eleven patients from an original group of 30 were reexamined. Their cognitive functions were assessed with the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. Magnetic resonance imaging and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy were performed on a 1.5 T scanner. Voxels of 8 cm3 were positioned in the left frontal lobe, left temporal lobe, and the left thalamus. The study had a naturalistic design, and patients were treated with various antipsychotics.Results: No significant statistical differences between the baseline and follow-up in N-acetylaspartate (NAA:creatine plus phosphocreatine [Cr] and NAA/H2O) levels were observed in any region of interest. We found a significant statistical correlation between 5-year difference in frontal NAA/Cr levels and duration of the last antipsychotic treatment in this period (R=0.908, P=0.012). We found a trend (P=0.068) toward lower choline-containing compounds (Cho/Cr ratio) in the temporal lobe over 5 years and a trend (P=0.079) in higher glutamate–glutamine–GABA (Glx/H2O) levels in the left thalamus. The patients showed social and clinical improvement at follow-up examination, and there were no changes in Wisconsin Card Sorting Test results.Conclusion: The observed tendency toward decline in choline ratio might have been due to decreased temporal cell density or impaired neuron-membrane or myelin functions. A tendency for higher Glx levels suggest the involvement of thalamus dysfunction in the chronic schizophrenia process. The lack of NAA decrease might have been due to effective antipsychotic treatment. Further longitudinal studies on large patient groups are required to confirm these metabolic changes in schizophrenia. Keywords: first-episode schizophrenia, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, longitudinal study, cognitive functioning, N-acetylaspartate, choline
format	article
author	Galińska-Skok B Szulc A Małus A Konarzewska B Cwalina U Tarasów E Waszkiewicz N
author_facet	Galińska-Skok B Szulc A Małus A Konarzewska B Cwalina U Tarasów E Waszkiewicz N
author_sort	Galińska-Skok B
title	Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy changes in a longitudinal schizophrenia study: a pilot study in eleven patients
title_short	Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy changes in a longitudinal schizophrenia study: a pilot study in eleven patients
title_full	Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy changes in a longitudinal schizophrenia study: a pilot study in eleven patients
title_fullStr	Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy changes in a longitudinal schizophrenia study: a pilot study in eleven patients
title_full_unstemmed	Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy changes in a longitudinal schizophrenia study: a pilot study in eleven patients
title_sort	proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy changes in a longitudinal schizophrenia study: a pilot study in eleven patients
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/bb8e77e98eb140338f96292b01a56286
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Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy changes in a longitudinal schizophrenia study: a pilot study in eleven patients

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