What a stranded whale with scoliosis can teach us about human idiopathic scoliosis

Abstract Scoliosis is a deformation of the spine that may have several known causes, but humans are the only mammal known to develop scoliosis without any obvious underlying cause. This is called ‘idiopathic’ scoliosis and is the most common type. Recent observations showed that human scoliosis, reg...

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Autores principales:	Steven de Reuver, Lonneke L. IJsseldijk, Jelle F. Homans, Dorien S. Willems, Stefanie Veraa, Marijn van Stralen, Marja J. L. Kik, Moyo C. Kruyt, Andrea Gröne, René M. Castelein
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bb905c5d1c9847d08af496c4495ca802
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bb905c5d1c9847d08af496c4495ca8022021-12-02T18:17:41ZWhat a stranded whale with scoliosis can teach us about human idiopathic scoliosis10.1038/s41598-021-86709-x2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/bb905c5d1c9847d08af496c4495ca8022021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-86709-xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Scoliosis is a deformation of the spine that may have several known causes, but humans are the only mammal known to develop scoliosis without any obvious underlying cause. This is called ‘idiopathic’ scoliosis and is the most common type. Recent observations showed that human scoliosis, regardless of its cause, has a relatively uniform three-dimensional anatomy. We hypothesize that scoliosis is a universal compensatory mechanism of the spine, independent of cause and/or species. We had the opportunity to study the rare occurrence of scoliosis in a whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) that stranded in July 2019 in the Netherlands. A multidisciplinary team of biologists, pathologists, veterinarians, taxidermists, radiologists and orthopaedic surgeons conducted necropsy and imaging analysis. Blunt traumatic injury to two vertebrae caused an acute lateral deviation of the spine, which had initiated the development of compensatory curves in regions of the spine without anatomical abnormalities. Three-dimensional analysis of these compensatory curves showed strong resemblance with different types of human scoliosis, amongst which idiopathic. This suggests that any decompensation of spinal equilibrium can lead to a rather uniform response. The unique biomechanics of the upright human spine, with significantly decreased rotational stability, may explain why only in humans this mechanism can be induced relatively easily, without an obvious cause, and is therefore still called ‘idiopathic’.Steven de ReuverLonneke L. IJsseldijkJelle F. HomansDorien S. WillemsStefanie VeraaMarijn van StralenMarja J. L. KikMoyo C. KruytAndrea GröneRené M. CasteleinNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Steven de Reuver Lonneke L. IJsseldijk Jelle F. Homans Dorien S. Willems Stefanie Veraa Marijn van Stralen Marja J. L. Kik Moyo C. Kruyt Andrea Gröne René M. Castelein What a stranded whale with scoliosis can teach us about human idiopathic scoliosis
description	Abstract Scoliosis is a deformation of the spine that may have several known causes, but humans are the only mammal known to develop scoliosis without any obvious underlying cause. This is called ‘idiopathic’ scoliosis and is the most common type. Recent observations showed that human scoliosis, regardless of its cause, has a relatively uniform three-dimensional anatomy. We hypothesize that scoliosis is a universal compensatory mechanism of the spine, independent of cause and/or species. We had the opportunity to study the rare occurrence of scoliosis in a whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) that stranded in July 2019 in the Netherlands. A multidisciplinary team of biologists, pathologists, veterinarians, taxidermists, radiologists and orthopaedic surgeons conducted necropsy and imaging analysis. Blunt traumatic injury to two vertebrae caused an acute lateral deviation of the spine, which had initiated the development of compensatory curves in regions of the spine without anatomical abnormalities. Three-dimensional analysis of these compensatory curves showed strong resemblance with different types of human scoliosis, amongst which idiopathic. This suggests that any decompensation of spinal equilibrium can lead to a rather uniform response. The unique biomechanics of the upright human spine, with significantly decreased rotational stability, may explain why only in humans this mechanism can be induced relatively easily, without an obvious cause, and is therefore still called ‘idiopathic’.
format	article
author	Steven de Reuver Lonneke L. IJsseldijk Jelle F. Homans Dorien S. Willems Stefanie Veraa Marijn van Stralen Marja J. L. Kik Moyo C. Kruyt Andrea Gröne René M. Castelein
author_facet	Steven de Reuver Lonneke L. IJsseldijk Jelle F. Homans Dorien S. Willems Stefanie Veraa Marijn van Stralen Marja J. L. Kik Moyo C. Kruyt Andrea Gröne René M. Castelein
author_sort	Steven de Reuver
title	What a stranded whale with scoliosis can teach us about human idiopathic scoliosis
title_short	What a stranded whale with scoliosis can teach us about human idiopathic scoliosis
title_full	What a stranded whale with scoliosis can teach us about human idiopathic scoliosis
title_fullStr	What a stranded whale with scoliosis can teach us about human idiopathic scoliosis
title_full_unstemmed	What a stranded whale with scoliosis can teach us about human idiopathic scoliosis
title_sort	what a stranded whale with scoliosis can teach us about human idiopathic scoliosis
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/bb905c5d1c9847d08af496c4495ca802
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What a stranded whale with scoliosis can teach us about human idiopathic scoliosis

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