Climatic Aridity Shapes Post-Fire Interactions between <i>Ceanothus</i> spp. and Douglas-Fir (<i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i>) across the Klamath Mountains

Climate change is leading to increased drought intensity and fire frequency, creating early-successional landscapes with novel disturbance–recovery dynamics. In the Klamath Mountains of northwestern California and southwestern Oregon, early-successional interactions between nitrogen (N)-fixing shrub...

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Autores principales:	Damla Cinoğlu, Howard E. Epstein, Alan J. Tepley, Kristina J. Anderson-Teixeira, Jonathan R. Thompson, Steven S. Perakis
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	Douglas-fir <i>Ceanothus</i> wildfire nitrogen fixation Klamath Mountains early succession Plant ecology QK900-989
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bb93343eabf04999b936ef31c5241440
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bb93343eabf04999b936ef31c52414402021-11-25T17:38:53ZClimatic Aridity Shapes Post-Fire Interactions between <i>Ceanothus</i> spp. and Douglas-Fir (<i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i>) across the Klamath Mountains10.3390/f121115671999-4907https://doaj.org/article/bb93343eabf04999b936ef31c52414402021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/11/1567https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4907Climate change is leading to increased drought intensity and fire frequency, creating early-successional landscapes with novel disturbance–recovery dynamics. In the Klamath Mountains of northwestern California and southwestern Oregon, early-successional interactions between nitrogen (N)-fixing shrubs (<i>Ceanothus</i> spp.) and long-lived conifers (Douglas-fir) are especially important determinants of forest development. We sampled post-fire vegetation and soil biogeochemistry in 57 plots along gradients of time since fire (7–28 years) and climatic water deficit (aridity). We found that <i>Ceanothus</i> biomass increased, and Douglas-fir biomass decreased with increasing aridity. High aridity and <i>Ceanothus</i> biomass interacted with lower soil C:N more than either factor alone. <i>Ceanothus</i> biomass was initially high after fire and declined with time, suggesting a large initial pulse of N-fixation that could enhance N availability for establishing Douglas-fir. We conclude that future increases in aridity and wildfire frequency will likely limit post-fire Douglas-fir establishment, though <i>Ceanothus</i> may ameliorate some of these impacts through benefits to microclimate and soils. Results from this study contribute to our understanding of the effects of climate change and wildfires on interspecific interactions and forest dynamics. Management seeking to accelerate forest recovery after high-severity fire should emphasize early-successional conifer establishment while maintaining N-fixing shrubs to enhance soil fertility.Damla CinoğluHoward E. EpsteinAlan J. TepleyKristina J. Anderson-TeixeiraJonathan R. ThompsonSteven S. PerakisMDPI AGarticleDouglas-fir<i>Ceanothus</i>wildfirenitrogen fixationKlamath Mountainsearly successionPlant ecologyQK900-989ENForests, Vol 12, Iss 1567, p 1567 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Douglas-fir <i>Ceanothus</i> wildfire nitrogen fixation Klamath Mountains early succession Plant ecology QK900-989
spellingShingle	Douglas-fir <i>Ceanothus</i> wildfire nitrogen fixation Klamath Mountains early succession Plant ecology QK900-989 Damla Cinoğlu Howard E. Epstein Alan J. Tepley Kristina J. Anderson-Teixeira Jonathan R. Thompson Steven S. Perakis Climatic Aridity Shapes Post-Fire Interactions between <i>Ceanothus</i> spp. and Douglas-Fir (<i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i>) across the Klamath Mountains
description	Climate change is leading to increased drought intensity and fire frequency, creating early-successional landscapes with novel disturbance–recovery dynamics. In the Klamath Mountains of northwestern California and southwestern Oregon, early-successional interactions between nitrogen (N)-fixing shrubs (<i>Ceanothus</i> spp.) and long-lived conifers (Douglas-fir) are especially important determinants of forest development. We sampled post-fire vegetation and soil biogeochemistry in 57 plots along gradients of time since fire (7–28 years) and climatic water deficit (aridity). We found that <i>Ceanothus</i> biomass increased, and Douglas-fir biomass decreased with increasing aridity. High aridity and <i>Ceanothus</i> biomass interacted with lower soil C:N more than either factor alone. <i>Ceanothus</i> biomass was initially high after fire and declined with time, suggesting a large initial pulse of N-fixation that could enhance N availability for establishing Douglas-fir. We conclude that future increases in aridity and wildfire frequency will likely limit post-fire Douglas-fir establishment, though <i>Ceanothus</i> may ameliorate some of these impacts through benefits to microclimate and soils. Results from this study contribute to our understanding of the effects of climate change and wildfires on interspecific interactions and forest dynamics. Management seeking to accelerate forest recovery after high-severity fire should emphasize early-successional conifer establishment while maintaining N-fixing shrubs to enhance soil fertility.
format	article
author	Damla Cinoğlu Howard E. Epstein Alan J. Tepley Kristina J. Anderson-Teixeira Jonathan R. Thompson Steven S. Perakis
author_facet	Damla Cinoğlu Howard E. Epstein Alan J. Tepley Kristina J. Anderson-Teixeira Jonathan R. Thompson Steven S. Perakis
author_sort	Damla Cinoğlu
title	Climatic Aridity Shapes Post-Fire Interactions between <i>Ceanothus</i> spp. and Douglas-Fir (<i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i>) across the Klamath Mountains
title_short	Climatic Aridity Shapes Post-Fire Interactions between <i>Ceanothus</i> spp. and Douglas-Fir (<i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i>) across the Klamath Mountains
title_full	Climatic Aridity Shapes Post-Fire Interactions between <i>Ceanothus</i> spp. and Douglas-Fir (<i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i>) across the Klamath Mountains
title_fullStr	Climatic Aridity Shapes Post-Fire Interactions between <i>Ceanothus</i> spp. and Douglas-Fir (<i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i>) across the Klamath Mountains
title_full_unstemmed	Climatic Aridity Shapes Post-Fire Interactions between <i>Ceanothus</i> spp. and Douglas-Fir (<i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i>) across the Klamath Mountains
title_sort	climatic aridity shapes post-fire interactions between <i>ceanothus</i> spp. and douglas-fir (<i>pseudotsuga menziesii</i>) across the klamath mountains
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/bb93343eabf04999b936ef31c5241440
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Climatic Aridity Shapes Post-Fire Interactions between <i>Ceanothus</i> spp. and Douglas-Fir (<i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i>) across the Klamath Mountains

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