Serine protease EspP from enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli is sufficient to induce shiga toxin macropinocytosis in intestinal epithelium.

Life-threatening intestinal and systemic effects of the Shiga toxins produced by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) require toxin uptake and transcytosis across intestinal epithelial cells. We have recently demonstrated that EHEC infection of intestinal epithelial cells stimulates toxin macro...

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Autores principales: Julie In, Valeriy Lukyanenko, Jennifer Foulke-Abel, Ann L Hubbard, Michael Delannoy, Anne-Marie Hansen, James B Kaper, Nadia Boisen, James P Nataro, Chengru Zhu, Edgar C Boedeker, Jorge A Girón, Olga Kovbasnjuk
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Publicado: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:bbda392d092543809b3e5c6ebe2ea6552021-11-18T07:37:13ZSerine protease EspP from enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli is sufficient to induce shiga toxin macropinocytosis in intestinal epithelium.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0069196https://doaj.org/article/bbda392d092543809b3e5c6ebe2ea6552013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23874912/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Life-threatening intestinal and systemic effects of the Shiga toxins produced by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) require toxin uptake and transcytosis across intestinal epithelial cells. We have recently demonstrated that EHEC infection of intestinal epithelial cells stimulates toxin macropinocytosis, an actin-dependent endocytic pathway. Host actin rearrangement necessary for EHEC attachment to enterocytes is mediated by the type 3 secretion system which functions as a molecular syringe to translocate bacterial effector proteins directly into host cells. Actin-dependent EHEC attachment also requires the outer membrane protein intimin, a major EHEC adhesin. Here, we investigate the role of type 3 secretion in actin turnover occurring during toxin macropinocytosis. Toxin macropinocytosis is independent of EHEC type 3 secretion and intimin attachment. EHEC soluble factors are sufficient to stimulate macropinocytosis and deliver toxin into enterocytes in vitro and in vivo; intact bacteria are not required. Intimin-negative enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) O104:H4 robustly stimulate Shiga toxin macropinocytosis into intestinal epithelial cells. The apical macropinosomes formed in intestinal epithelial cells move through the cells and release their cargo at these cells' basolateral sides. Further analysis of EHEC secreted proteins shows that a serine protease EspP alone is able to stimulate host actin remodeling and toxin macropinocytosis. The observation that soluble factors, possibly serine proteases including EspP, from each of two genetically distinct toxin-producing strains, can stimulate Shiga toxin macropinocytosis and transcellular transcytosis alters current ideas concerning mechanisms whereby Shiga toxin interacts with human enterocytes. Mechanisms important for this macropinocytic pathway could suggest new potential therapeutic targets for Shiga toxin-induced disease.Julie InValeriy LukyanenkoJennifer Foulke-AbelAnn L HubbardMichael DelannoyAnne-Marie HansenJames B KaperNadia BoisenJames P NataroChengru ZhuEdgar C BoedekerJorge A GirónOlga KovbasnjukPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 7, p e69196 (2013)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Medicine
R
Science
Q
spellingShingle Medicine
R
Science
Q
Julie In
Valeriy Lukyanenko
Jennifer Foulke-Abel
Ann L Hubbard
Michael Delannoy
Anne-Marie Hansen
James B Kaper
Nadia Boisen
James P Nataro
Chengru Zhu
Edgar C Boedeker
Jorge A Girón
Olga Kovbasnjuk
Serine protease EspP from enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli is sufficient to induce shiga toxin macropinocytosis in intestinal epithelium.
description Life-threatening intestinal and systemic effects of the Shiga toxins produced by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) require toxin uptake and transcytosis across intestinal epithelial cells. We have recently demonstrated that EHEC infection of intestinal epithelial cells stimulates toxin macropinocytosis, an actin-dependent endocytic pathway. Host actin rearrangement necessary for EHEC attachment to enterocytes is mediated by the type 3 secretion system which functions as a molecular syringe to translocate bacterial effector proteins directly into host cells. Actin-dependent EHEC attachment also requires the outer membrane protein intimin, a major EHEC adhesin. Here, we investigate the role of type 3 secretion in actin turnover occurring during toxin macropinocytosis. Toxin macropinocytosis is independent of EHEC type 3 secretion and intimin attachment. EHEC soluble factors are sufficient to stimulate macropinocytosis and deliver toxin into enterocytes in vitro and in vivo; intact bacteria are not required. Intimin-negative enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) O104:H4 robustly stimulate Shiga toxin macropinocytosis into intestinal epithelial cells. The apical macropinosomes formed in intestinal epithelial cells move through the cells and release their cargo at these cells' basolateral sides. Further analysis of EHEC secreted proteins shows that a serine protease EspP alone is able to stimulate host actin remodeling and toxin macropinocytosis. The observation that soluble factors, possibly serine proteases including EspP, from each of two genetically distinct toxin-producing strains, can stimulate Shiga toxin macropinocytosis and transcellular transcytosis alters current ideas concerning mechanisms whereby Shiga toxin interacts with human enterocytes. Mechanisms important for this macropinocytic pathway could suggest new potential therapeutic targets for Shiga toxin-induced disease.
format article
author Julie In
Valeriy Lukyanenko
Jennifer Foulke-Abel
Ann L Hubbard
Michael Delannoy
Anne-Marie Hansen
James B Kaper
Nadia Boisen
James P Nataro
Chengru Zhu
Edgar C Boedeker
Jorge A Girón
Olga Kovbasnjuk
author_facet Julie In
Valeriy Lukyanenko
Jennifer Foulke-Abel
Ann L Hubbard
Michael Delannoy
Anne-Marie Hansen
James B Kaper
Nadia Boisen
James P Nataro
Chengru Zhu
Edgar C Boedeker
Jorge A Girón
Olga Kovbasnjuk
author_sort Julie In
title Serine protease EspP from enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli is sufficient to induce shiga toxin macropinocytosis in intestinal epithelium.
title_short Serine protease EspP from enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli is sufficient to induce shiga toxin macropinocytosis in intestinal epithelium.
title_full Serine protease EspP from enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli is sufficient to induce shiga toxin macropinocytosis in intestinal epithelium.
title_fullStr Serine protease EspP from enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli is sufficient to induce shiga toxin macropinocytosis in intestinal epithelium.
title_full_unstemmed Serine protease EspP from enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli is sufficient to induce shiga toxin macropinocytosis in intestinal epithelium.
title_sort serine protease espp from enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli is sufficient to induce shiga toxin macropinocytosis in intestinal epithelium.
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate 2013
url https://doaj.org/article/bbda392d092543809b3e5c6ebe2ea655
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