Multivariate genome-wide covariance analyses of literacy, language and working memory skills reveal distinct etiologies

Abstract Several abilities outside literacy proper are associated with reading and spelling, both phenotypically and genetically, though our knowledge of multivariate genomic covariance structures is incomplete. Here, we introduce structural models describing genetic and residual influences between...

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Autores principales:	Chin Yang Shapland, Ellen Verhoef, George Davey Smith, Simon E. Fisher, Brad Verhulst, Philip S. Dale, Beate St Pourcain
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Special aspects of education LC8-6691 Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bc83a17359d54b20a05270403716da7e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bc83a17359d54b20a05270403716da7e2021-12-02T17:08:24ZMultivariate genome-wide covariance analyses of literacy, language and working memory skills reveal distinct etiologies10.1038/s41539-021-00101-y2056-7936https://doaj.org/article/bc83a17359d54b20a05270403716da7e2021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-021-00101-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2056-7936Abstract Several abilities outside literacy proper are associated with reading and spelling, both phenotypically and genetically, though our knowledge of multivariate genomic covariance structures is incomplete. Here, we introduce structural models describing genetic and residual influences between traits to study multivariate links across measures of literacy, phonological awareness, oral language, and phonological working memory (PWM) in unrelated UK youth (8–13 years, N = 6453). We find that all phenotypes share a large proportion of underlying genetic variation, although especially oral language and PWM reveal substantial differences in their genetic variance composition with substantial trait-specific genetic influences. Multivariate genetic and residual trait covariance showed concordant patterns, except for marked differences between oral language and literacy/phonological awareness, where strong genetic links contrasted near-zero residual overlap. These findings suggest differences in etiological mechanisms, acting beyond a pleiotropic set of genetic variants, and implicate variation in trait modifiability even among phenotypes that have high genetic correlations.Chin Yang ShaplandEllen VerhoefGeorge Davey SmithSimon E. FisherBrad VerhulstPhilip S. DaleBeate St PourcainNature PortfolioarticleSpecial aspects of educationLC8-6691Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571ENnpj Science of Learning, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Special aspects of education LC8-6691 Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
spellingShingle	Special aspects of education LC8-6691 Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Chin Yang Shapland Ellen Verhoef George Davey Smith Simon E. Fisher Brad Verhulst Philip S. Dale Beate St Pourcain Multivariate genome-wide covariance analyses of literacy, language and working memory skills reveal distinct etiologies
description	Abstract Several abilities outside literacy proper are associated with reading and spelling, both phenotypically and genetically, though our knowledge of multivariate genomic covariance structures is incomplete. Here, we introduce structural models describing genetic and residual influences between traits to study multivariate links across measures of literacy, phonological awareness, oral language, and phonological working memory (PWM) in unrelated UK youth (8–13 years, N = 6453). We find that all phenotypes share a large proportion of underlying genetic variation, although especially oral language and PWM reveal substantial differences in their genetic variance composition with substantial trait-specific genetic influences. Multivariate genetic and residual trait covariance showed concordant patterns, except for marked differences between oral language and literacy/phonological awareness, where strong genetic links contrasted near-zero residual overlap. These findings suggest differences in etiological mechanisms, acting beyond a pleiotropic set of genetic variants, and implicate variation in trait modifiability even among phenotypes that have high genetic correlations.
format	article
author	Chin Yang Shapland Ellen Verhoef George Davey Smith Simon E. Fisher Brad Verhulst Philip S. Dale Beate St Pourcain
author_facet	Chin Yang Shapland Ellen Verhoef George Davey Smith Simon E. Fisher Brad Verhulst Philip S. Dale Beate St Pourcain
author_sort	Chin Yang Shapland
title	Multivariate genome-wide covariance analyses of literacy, language and working memory skills reveal distinct etiologies
title_short	Multivariate genome-wide covariance analyses of literacy, language and working memory skills reveal distinct etiologies
title_full	Multivariate genome-wide covariance analyses of literacy, language and working memory skills reveal distinct etiologies
title_fullStr	Multivariate genome-wide covariance analyses of literacy, language and working memory skills reveal distinct etiologies
title_full_unstemmed	Multivariate genome-wide covariance analyses of literacy, language and working memory skills reveal distinct etiologies
title_sort	multivariate genome-wide covariance analyses of literacy, language and working memory skills reveal distinct etiologies
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/bc83a17359d54b20a05270403716da7e
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Multivariate genome-wide covariance analyses of literacy, language and working memory skills reveal distinct etiologies

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