Understanding greater cardiomyocyte functions on aligned compared to random carbon nanofibers in PLGA

Abdullah M Asiri,1 Hadi M Marwani,1 Sher Bahadar Khan,1 Thomas J Webster1,2 1Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 2Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA Abstract: Previous studies have demonst...

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Autores principales:	Asiri AM, Marwani HM, Khan SB, Webster TJ
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2014
Materias:	Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bc8b794947814287a841ebb2123885a1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bc8b794947814287a841ebb2123885a12021-12-02T05:02:15ZUnderstanding greater cardiomyocyte functions on aligned compared to random carbon nanofibers in PLGA1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/bc8b794947814287a841ebb2123885a12014-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/understanding-greater-cardiomyocyte-functions-on-aligned-compared-to-r-peer-reviewed-article-IJNhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013 Abdullah M Asiri,1 Hadi M Marwani,1 Sher Bahadar Khan,1 Thomas J Webster1,2 1Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 2Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA Abstract: Previous studies have demonstrated greater cardiomyocyte density on carbon nanofibers (CNFs) aligned (compared to randomly oriented) in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) composites. Although such studies demonstrated a closer mimicking of anisotropic electrical and mechanical properties for such aligned (compared to randomly oriented) CNFs in PLGA composites, the objective of the present in vitro study was to elucidate a deeper mechanistic understanding of how cardiomyocyte densities recognize such materials to respond more favorably. Results showed lower wettability (greater hydrophobicity) of CNFs embedded in PLGA compared to pure PLGA, thus providing evidence of selectively lower wettability in aligned CNF regions. Furthermore, the results correlated these changes in hydrophobicity with increased adsorption of fibronectin, laminin, and vitronectin (all proteins known to increase cardiomyocyte adhesion and functions) on CNFs in PLGA compared to pure PLGA, thus providing evidence of selective initial protein adsorption cues on such CNF regions to promote cardiomyocyte adhesion and growth. Lastly, results of the present in vitro study further confirmed increased cardiomyocyte functions by demonstrating greater expression of important cardiomyocyte biomarkers (such as Troponin-T, Connexin-43, and α-sarcomeric actin) when CNFs were aligned compared to randomly oriented in PLGA. In summary, this study provided evidence that cardiomyocyte functions are improved on CNFs aligned in PLGA compared to randomly oriented in PLGA since CNFs are more hydrophobic than PLGA and attract the adsorption of key proteins (fibronectin, laminin, and vironectin) that are known to promote cardiomyocyte adhesion and expression of important cardiomyocyte functions. Thus, future studies should use this knowledge to further design improved CNF:PLGA composites for numerous cardiovascular applications. Keywords: cardiomyocytes, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), carbon nanofibers, aligned, nanotechnology, anisotropy, mechanism, vitronectin, fibronectin, lamininAsiri AMMarwani HMKhan SBWebster TJDove Medical PressarticleMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol 2015, Iss default, Pp 89-96 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	Medicine (General) R5-920 Asiri AM Marwani HM Khan SB Webster TJ Understanding greater cardiomyocyte functions on aligned compared to random carbon nanofibers in PLGA
description	Abdullah M Asiri,1 Hadi M Marwani,1 Sher Bahadar Khan,1 Thomas J Webster1,2 1Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 2Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA Abstract: Previous studies have demonstrated greater cardiomyocyte density on carbon nanofibers (CNFs) aligned (compared to randomly oriented) in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) composites. Although such studies demonstrated a closer mimicking of anisotropic electrical and mechanical properties for such aligned (compared to randomly oriented) CNFs in PLGA composites, the objective of the present in vitro study was to elucidate a deeper mechanistic understanding of how cardiomyocyte densities recognize such materials to respond more favorably. Results showed lower wettability (greater hydrophobicity) of CNFs embedded in PLGA compared to pure PLGA, thus providing evidence of selectively lower wettability in aligned CNF regions. Furthermore, the results correlated these changes in hydrophobicity with increased adsorption of fibronectin, laminin, and vitronectin (all proteins known to increase cardiomyocyte adhesion and functions) on CNFs in PLGA compared to pure PLGA, thus providing evidence of selective initial protein adsorption cues on such CNF regions to promote cardiomyocyte adhesion and growth. Lastly, results of the present in vitro study further confirmed increased cardiomyocyte functions by demonstrating greater expression of important cardiomyocyte biomarkers (such as Troponin-T, Connexin-43, and α-sarcomeric actin) when CNFs were aligned compared to randomly oriented in PLGA. In summary, this study provided evidence that cardiomyocyte functions are improved on CNFs aligned in PLGA compared to randomly oriented in PLGA since CNFs are more hydrophobic than PLGA and attract the adsorption of key proteins (fibronectin, laminin, and vironectin) that are known to promote cardiomyocyte adhesion and expression of important cardiomyocyte functions. Thus, future studies should use this knowledge to further design improved CNF:PLGA composites for numerous cardiovascular applications. Keywords: cardiomyocytes, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), carbon nanofibers, aligned, nanotechnology, anisotropy, mechanism, vitronectin, fibronectin, laminin
format	article
author	Asiri AM Marwani HM Khan SB Webster TJ
author_facet	Asiri AM Marwani HM Khan SB Webster TJ
author_sort	Asiri AM
title	Understanding greater cardiomyocyte functions on aligned compared to random carbon nanofibers in PLGA
title_short	Understanding greater cardiomyocyte functions on aligned compared to random carbon nanofibers in PLGA
title_full	Understanding greater cardiomyocyte functions on aligned compared to random carbon nanofibers in PLGA
title_fullStr	Understanding greater cardiomyocyte functions on aligned compared to random carbon nanofibers in PLGA
title_full_unstemmed	Understanding greater cardiomyocyte functions on aligned compared to random carbon nanofibers in PLGA
title_sort	understanding greater cardiomyocyte functions on aligned compared to random carbon nanofibers in plga
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/bc8b794947814287a841ebb2123885a1
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Understanding greater cardiomyocyte functions on aligned compared to random carbon nanofibers in PLGA

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