Ultra-long-acting (XLA) antivirals for chronic viral hepatitis

ABSTRACT: Viral hepatitis is among the top four causes of mortality globally, causing 1.4 million deaths each year, exceeding tuberculosis, malaria and human immunodeficiency virus. Hepatitis B and C are responsible for 90% of hepatitis deaths, and the remaining 10% are caused by other hepatitis vir...

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Autores principales:	Vicente Soriano, Carmen Alvarez, Benson Edagwa, Carmen de Mendoza, Noemí Montoya, Ana Treviño, Howard Gendelman
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2022
Materias:	Viral hepatitis Long-acting antivirals Chemical vaccines Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Hepatitis D Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bc931963630446449087c7ae877d23df
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bc931963630446449087c7ae877d23df2021-11-24T04:27:19ZUltra-long-acting (XLA) antivirals for chronic viral hepatitis1201-971210.1016/j.ijid.2021.10.052https://doaj.org/article/bc931963630446449087c7ae877d23df2022-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971221008390https://doaj.org/toc/1201-9712ABSTRACT: Viral hepatitis is among the top four causes of mortality globally, causing 1.4 million deaths each year, exceeding tuberculosis, malaria and human immunodeficiency virus. Hepatitis B and C are responsible for 90% of hepatitis deaths, and the remaining 10% are caused by other hepatitis viruses. The annual number of deaths from hepatitis C is declining, whereas the numbers of deaths from hepatitis B and D are increasing. Hepatitis B alone represents the seven highest cause of mortality worldwide. Spurred on by development of curative antivirals for hepatitis C and expanding access to hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination, the World Health Organization has committed to eliminating viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030.Like the majority of current antivirals, those available for HBV are virostatic. They are capable of suppressing viral replication but cannot eliminate the virus from infected patients. Therefore, treatment is lifelong. Long-term adherence to medication continues to represent a major challenge. Importantly, HBV often reactivates, leading to potential life-threatening events in immunosuppressed patients. Therapeutic options are limited for hepatitis D; however, promising new, effective antivirals are on the horizon.Recent advances have emerged in medicinal chemistry and drug delivery approaches to produce ultra-long-acting (XLA) antivirals. These can extend antiviral activity from months to 1 year or even longer. These new formulations can overcome the challenges of daily dosing and maximize drug exposure. The development of XLA antivirals targeting viral hepatitis may also facilitate cure strategies.Vicente SorianoCarmen AlvarezBenson EdagwaCarmen de MendozaNoemí MontoyaAna TreviñoHoward GendelmanElsevierarticleViral hepatitisLong-acting antiviralsChemical vaccinesHepatitis BHepatitis CHepatitis DInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216ENInternational Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol 114, Iss , Pp 45-50 (2022)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Viral hepatitis Long-acting antivirals Chemical vaccines Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Hepatitis D Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
spellingShingle	Viral hepatitis Long-acting antivirals Chemical vaccines Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Hepatitis D Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Vicente Soriano Carmen Alvarez Benson Edagwa Carmen de Mendoza Noemí Montoya Ana Treviño Howard Gendelman Ultra-long-acting (XLA) antivirals for chronic viral hepatitis
description	ABSTRACT: Viral hepatitis is among the top four causes of mortality globally, causing 1.4 million deaths each year, exceeding tuberculosis, malaria and human immunodeficiency virus. Hepatitis B and C are responsible for 90% of hepatitis deaths, and the remaining 10% are caused by other hepatitis viruses. The annual number of deaths from hepatitis C is declining, whereas the numbers of deaths from hepatitis B and D are increasing. Hepatitis B alone represents the seven highest cause of mortality worldwide. Spurred on by development of curative antivirals for hepatitis C and expanding access to hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination, the World Health Organization has committed to eliminating viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030.Like the majority of current antivirals, those available for HBV are virostatic. They are capable of suppressing viral replication but cannot eliminate the virus from infected patients. Therefore, treatment is lifelong. Long-term adherence to medication continues to represent a major challenge. Importantly, HBV often reactivates, leading to potential life-threatening events in immunosuppressed patients. Therapeutic options are limited for hepatitis D; however, promising new, effective antivirals are on the horizon.Recent advances have emerged in medicinal chemistry and drug delivery approaches to produce ultra-long-acting (XLA) antivirals. These can extend antiviral activity from months to 1 year or even longer. These new formulations can overcome the challenges of daily dosing and maximize drug exposure. The development of XLA antivirals targeting viral hepatitis may also facilitate cure strategies.
format	article
author	Vicente Soriano Carmen Alvarez Benson Edagwa Carmen de Mendoza Noemí Montoya Ana Treviño Howard Gendelman
author_facet	Vicente Soriano Carmen Alvarez Benson Edagwa Carmen de Mendoza Noemí Montoya Ana Treviño Howard Gendelman
author_sort	Vicente Soriano
title	Ultra-long-acting (XLA) antivirals for chronic viral hepatitis
title_short	Ultra-long-acting (XLA) antivirals for chronic viral hepatitis
title_full	Ultra-long-acting (XLA) antivirals for chronic viral hepatitis
title_fullStr	Ultra-long-acting (XLA) antivirals for chronic viral hepatitis
title_full_unstemmed	Ultra-long-acting (XLA) antivirals for chronic viral hepatitis
title_sort	ultra-long-acting (xla) antivirals for chronic viral hepatitis
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2022
url	https://doaj.org/article/bc931963630446449087c7ae877d23df
work_keys_str_mv	AT vicentesoriano ultralongactingxlaantiviralsforchronicviralhepatitis AT carmenalvarez ultralongactingxlaantiviralsforchronicviralhepatitis AT bensonedagwa ultralongactingxlaantiviralsforchronicviralhepatitis AT carmendemendoza ultralongactingxlaantiviralsforchronicviralhepatitis AT noemimontoya ultralongactingxlaantiviralsforchronicviralhepatitis AT anatrevino ultralongactingxlaantiviralsforchronicviralhepatitis AT howardgendelman ultralongactingxlaantiviralsforchronicviralhepatitis
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Ultra-long-acting (XLA) antivirals for chronic viral hepatitis

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