Determination of Inflammatory Markers, Hormonal Disturbances, and Sleepiness Associated with Sleep Bruxism Among Adults

Monika Michalek-Zrabkowska,1 Mieszko Wieckiewicz,2 Joanna Smardz,2 Pawel Gac,3 Rafal Poreba,1 Anna Wojakowska,1 Grzegorz Mazur,1 Helena Martynowicz1 1Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland; 2Depar...

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Autores principales:	Michalek-Zrabkowska M, Wieckiewicz M, Smardz J, Gac P, Poreba R, Wojakowska A, Mazur G, Martynowicz H
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2020
Materias:	sleep bruxism obstructive sleep apnea polysomnography cardiovascular diseases inflammatory markers Psychiatry RC435-571 Neurophysiology and neuropsychology QP351-495
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bcdd9301107447c4acb816731800a184
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bcdd9301107447c4acb816731800a1842021-12-02T11:04:52ZDetermination of Inflammatory Markers, Hormonal Disturbances, and Sleepiness Associated with Sleep Bruxism Among Adults1179-1608https://doaj.org/article/bcdd9301107447c4acb816731800a1842020-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/determination-of-inflammatory-markers-hormonal-disturbances-and-sleepi-peer-reviewed-article-NSShttps://doaj.org/toc/1179-1608Monika Michalek-Zrabkowska,1 Mieszko Wieckiewicz,2 Joanna Smardz,2 Pawel Gac,3 Rafal Poreba,1 Anna Wojakowska,1 Grzegorz Mazur,1 Helena Martynowicz1 1Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland; 2Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-425, Poland; 3Department of Hygiene, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-345, PolandCorrespondence: Mieszko WieckiewiczDepartment of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 26 Krakowska Street, Wroclaw 50-425, PolandTel + 48 660 47 87 59Email m.wieckiewicz@onet.plPurpose: Sleep bruxism (SB) is characterized by repetitive phasic, tonic, or mixed masticatory muscle activity during sleep with multifactorial etiology. Previous studies have shown that the complex origin of SB can be related to the psychological features of the affected individual, consumption of caffeine and alcohol, smoking, obstructive sleep apnea, diabetes, increased body mass index, hypertension, thyroid diseases, and probable genetic vulnerability. This study aimed to investigate the inflammatory markers, hormonal disturbances, and sleepiness associated with SB, which have a potential effect on the total cardiovascular (CV) risk among relatively young and healthy patients.Patients and Methods: A total of 74 individuals with probable SB were subjected to single-night polysomnography, followed by blood panel and 24-h urinary excretion tests. The level of daytime sleepiness was assessed in the participants using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale.Results: SB was found in 78.4% of participants. The bruxism episode index (BEI) positively correlated with the concentrations of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids, C-reactive protein, and fibrinogen in the collected urine samples. A positive correlation was also found between phasic BEI and glucose concentration 2 h after the consumption of glucose solution. Sleep bruxers showed significantly increased sleepiness compared to nonbruxers (p = 0.02). The scores on sleepiness were positively correlated with mixed BEI, minimal oxygen saturation, and mean heart rate.Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that participants with SB had metabolic and hormonal disturbances, probably due to stress and sympathetic activity. Moreover, it was found that young sleep bruxers potentially have a high CV risk due to the increased level of inflammatory and stress markers.Keywords: sleep bruxism, obstructive sleep apnea, polysomnography, cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory markersMichalek-Zrabkowska MWieckiewicz MSmardz JGac PPoreba RWojakowska AMazur GMartynowicz HDove Medical Pressarticlesleep bruxismobstructive sleep apneapolysomnographycardiovascular diseasesinflammatory markersPsychiatryRC435-571Neurophysiology and neuropsychologyQP351-495ENNature and Science of Sleep, Vol Volume 12, Pp 969-979 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	sleep bruxism obstructive sleep apnea polysomnography cardiovascular diseases inflammatory markers Psychiatry RC435-571 Neurophysiology and neuropsychology QP351-495
spellingShingle	sleep bruxism obstructive sleep apnea polysomnography cardiovascular diseases inflammatory markers Psychiatry RC435-571 Neurophysiology and neuropsychology QP351-495 Michalek-Zrabkowska M Wieckiewicz M Smardz J Gac P Poreba R Wojakowska A Mazur G Martynowicz H Determination of Inflammatory Markers, Hormonal Disturbances, and Sleepiness Associated with Sleep Bruxism Among Adults
description	Monika Michalek-Zrabkowska,1 Mieszko Wieckiewicz,2 Joanna Smardz,2 Pawel Gac,3 Rafal Poreba,1 Anna Wojakowska,1 Grzegorz Mazur,1 Helena Martynowicz1 1Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland; 2Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-425, Poland; 3Department of Hygiene, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-345, PolandCorrespondence: Mieszko WieckiewiczDepartment of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 26 Krakowska Street, Wroclaw 50-425, PolandTel + 48 660 47 87 59Email m.wieckiewicz@onet.plPurpose: Sleep bruxism (SB) is characterized by repetitive phasic, tonic, or mixed masticatory muscle activity during sleep with multifactorial etiology. Previous studies have shown that the complex origin of SB can be related to the psychological features of the affected individual, consumption of caffeine and alcohol, smoking, obstructive sleep apnea, diabetes, increased body mass index, hypertension, thyroid diseases, and probable genetic vulnerability. This study aimed to investigate the inflammatory markers, hormonal disturbances, and sleepiness associated with SB, which have a potential effect on the total cardiovascular (CV) risk among relatively young and healthy patients.Patients and Methods: A total of 74 individuals with probable SB were subjected to single-night polysomnography, followed by blood panel and 24-h urinary excretion tests. The level of daytime sleepiness was assessed in the participants using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale.Results: SB was found in 78.4% of participants. The bruxism episode index (BEI) positively correlated with the concentrations of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids, C-reactive protein, and fibrinogen in the collected urine samples. A positive correlation was also found between phasic BEI and glucose concentration 2 h after the consumption of glucose solution. Sleep bruxers showed significantly increased sleepiness compared to nonbruxers (p = 0.02). The scores on sleepiness were positively correlated with mixed BEI, minimal oxygen saturation, and mean heart rate.Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that participants with SB had metabolic and hormonal disturbances, probably due to stress and sympathetic activity. Moreover, it was found that young sleep bruxers potentially have a high CV risk due to the increased level of inflammatory and stress markers.Keywords: sleep bruxism, obstructive sleep apnea, polysomnography, cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory markers
format	article
author	Michalek-Zrabkowska M Wieckiewicz M Smardz J Gac P Poreba R Wojakowska A Mazur G Martynowicz H
author_facet	Michalek-Zrabkowska M Wieckiewicz M Smardz J Gac P Poreba R Wojakowska A Mazur G Martynowicz H
author_sort	Michalek-Zrabkowska M
title	Determination of Inflammatory Markers, Hormonal Disturbances, and Sleepiness Associated with Sleep Bruxism Among Adults
title_short	Determination of Inflammatory Markers, Hormonal Disturbances, and Sleepiness Associated with Sleep Bruxism Among Adults
title_full	Determination of Inflammatory Markers, Hormonal Disturbances, and Sleepiness Associated with Sleep Bruxism Among Adults
title_fullStr	Determination of Inflammatory Markers, Hormonal Disturbances, and Sleepiness Associated with Sleep Bruxism Among Adults
title_full_unstemmed	Determination of Inflammatory Markers, Hormonal Disturbances, and Sleepiness Associated with Sleep Bruxism Among Adults
title_sort	determination of inflammatory markers, hormonal disturbances, and sleepiness associated with sleep bruxism among adults
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/bcdd9301107447c4acb816731800a184
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Determination of Inflammatory Markers, Hormonal Disturbances, and Sleepiness Associated with Sleep Bruxism Among Adults

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