Multiwalled carbon nanotubes induce altered morphology and loss of barrier function in human bronchial epithelium at noncytotoxic doses

Ryan J Snyder, Salik Hussain, Annette B Rice, Stavros Garantziotis Clinical Research Unit, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Abstract: Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have seen increasing application in consume...

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Autores principales:	Snyder RJ, Hussain S, Rice AB, Garantziotis S
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2014
Materias:	Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bce583ee020f4cbdacd17be4bc93bf5c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bce583ee020f4cbdacd17be4bc93bf5c2021-12-02T05:58:15ZMultiwalled carbon nanotubes induce altered morphology and loss of barrier function in human bronchial epithelium at noncytotoxic doses1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/bce583ee020f4cbdacd17be4bc93bf5c2014-08-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/multiwalled-carbon-nanotubes-induce-altered-morphology-and-loss-of-bar-peer-reviewed-article-IJNhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013 Ryan J Snyder, Salik Hussain, Annette B Rice, Stavros Garantziotis Clinical Research Unit, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Abstract: Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have seen increasing application in consumer products over the past decade, resulting in an increasing risk of human exposure. While numerous toxicological studies have been performed using acute high doses of various carbonaceous nanomaterials, the effects of longer-term, low doses of MWCNTs remain relatively unexplored. This study examined bronchoscopy-derived healthy human bronchial epithelial cells exposed in submerged culture to noncytotoxic doses of MWCNTs over 7 days. Under these conditions, doses as low as 3 µg/mL caused altered cell morphology, superficially resembling fibroblasts. Electrical impedance of the epithelial monolayer was greatly reduced following MWCNT exposure. However, Western blot and polymerase chain reaction showed no elevated expression of the fibroblast markers, vimentin, α-smooth muscle actin, or fibronectin, indicating that a mechanism other than epithelial–mesenchymal transition may be responsible for the changes. Phalloidin and tubulin immunostaining showed disruption of the cytoskeleton, and confocal imaging showed a reduction of the tight junction proteins, zona occludens 1 and occludin. We propose that MWCNTs interfere with the cytoskeleton of the lung epithelium, which can result in a harmful reduction in barrier function over time, even at noncytotoxic doses. Keywords: multiwalled carbon nanotubes, bronchial epithelium, transepithelial electrical resistance, cytoskeleton, morphology, human Snyder RJHussain SRice ABGarantziotis SDove Medical PressarticleMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol 2014, Iss Issue 1, Pp 4093-4105 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	Medicine (General) R5-920 Snyder RJ Hussain S Rice AB Garantziotis S Multiwalled carbon nanotubes induce altered morphology and loss of barrier function in human bronchial epithelium at noncytotoxic doses
description	Ryan J Snyder, Salik Hussain, Annette B Rice, Stavros Garantziotis Clinical Research Unit, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Abstract: Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have seen increasing application in consumer products over the past decade, resulting in an increasing risk of human exposure. While numerous toxicological studies have been performed using acute high doses of various carbonaceous nanomaterials, the effects of longer-term, low doses of MWCNTs remain relatively unexplored. This study examined bronchoscopy-derived healthy human bronchial epithelial cells exposed in submerged culture to noncytotoxic doses of MWCNTs over 7 days. Under these conditions, doses as low as 3 µg/mL caused altered cell morphology, superficially resembling fibroblasts. Electrical impedance of the epithelial monolayer was greatly reduced following MWCNT exposure. However, Western blot and polymerase chain reaction showed no elevated expression of the fibroblast markers, vimentin, α-smooth muscle actin, or fibronectin, indicating that a mechanism other than epithelial–mesenchymal transition may be responsible for the changes. Phalloidin and tubulin immunostaining showed disruption of the cytoskeleton, and confocal imaging showed a reduction of the tight junction proteins, zona occludens 1 and occludin. We propose that MWCNTs interfere with the cytoskeleton of the lung epithelium, which can result in a harmful reduction in barrier function over time, even at noncytotoxic doses. Keywords: multiwalled carbon nanotubes, bronchial epithelium, transepithelial electrical resistance, cytoskeleton, morphology, human
format	article
author	Snyder RJ Hussain S Rice AB Garantziotis S
author_facet	Snyder RJ Hussain S Rice AB Garantziotis S
author_sort	Snyder RJ
title	Multiwalled carbon nanotubes induce altered morphology and loss of barrier function in human bronchial epithelium at noncytotoxic doses
title_short	Multiwalled carbon nanotubes induce altered morphology and loss of barrier function in human bronchial epithelium at noncytotoxic doses
title_full	Multiwalled carbon nanotubes induce altered morphology and loss of barrier function in human bronchial epithelium at noncytotoxic doses
title_fullStr	Multiwalled carbon nanotubes induce altered morphology and loss of barrier function in human bronchial epithelium at noncytotoxic doses
title_full_unstemmed	Multiwalled carbon nanotubes induce altered morphology and loss of barrier function in human bronchial epithelium at noncytotoxic doses
title_sort	multiwalled carbon nanotubes induce altered morphology and loss of barrier function in human bronchial epithelium at noncytotoxic doses
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/bce583ee020f4cbdacd17be4bc93bf5c
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Multiwalled carbon nanotubes induce altered morphology and loss of barrier function in human bronchial epithelium at noncytotoxic doses

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