Affective Saturation Index: A Lexical Measure of Affect

Affect plays a major role in the individual’s daily life, driving the sensemaking of experience, psychopathological conditions, social representations of phenomena, and ways of coping with others. The characteristics of affect have been traditionally investigated through physiological, self-report,...

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Autores principales:	Alessandro Gennaro, Valeria Carola, Cristina Ottaviani, Chiara Pesca, Arianna Palmieri, Sergio Salvatore
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	affect affective saturation index meaning text analysis physiology heart rate variability Science Q Astrophysics QB460-466 Physics QC1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bcf02c872a1b4a27b43cdfd830d6f6c4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bcf02c872a1b4a27b43cdfd830d6f6c42021-11-25T17:29:33ZAffective Saturation Index: A Lexical Measure of Affect10.3390/e231114211099-4300https://doaj.org/article/bcf02c872a1b4a27b43cdfd830d6f6c42021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/11/1421https://doaj.org/toc/1099-4300Affect plays a major role in the individual’s daily life, driving the sensemaking of experience, psychopathological conditions, social representations of phenomena, and ways of coping with others. The characteristics of affect have been traditionally investigated through physiological, self-report, and behavioral measures. The present article proposes a text-based measure to detect affect intensity: the Affective Saturation Index (ASI). The ASI rationale and the conceptualization of affect are overviewed, and an initial validation study on the ASI’s convergent and concurrent validity is presented. Forty individuals completed a non-clinical semi-structured interview. For each interview transcript, the ASI was esteemed and compared to the individual’s physiological index of propensity to affective arousal (measured by heart rate variability (HRV)); transcript semantic complexity (measured through the Semantic Entropy Index (SEI)); and lexical syntactic complexity (measured through the Flesch–Vacca Index (FVI)). ANOVAs and bi-variate correlations estimated the size of the relationships between indexes and sample characteristics (age, gender), then a set of multiple linear regressions tested the ASI’s association with HRV, the SEI, and the FVI. Results support the ASI construct and criteria validity. The ASI proved able to detect affective saturation in interview transcripts (SEI and FVI, adjusted R<sup>2</sup> = 0.428 and adjusted R<sup>2</sup> = 0.241, respectively) and the way the text’s affective saturation reflected the intensity of the individual’s affective state (HRV, adjusted R<sup>2</sup> = 0.428). In conclusion, although the specificity of the sample (psychology students) limits the findings’ generalizability, the ASI provides the chance to use written texts to measure affect in accordance with a dynamic approach, independent of the spatio-temporal setting in which they were produced. In doing so, the ASI provides a way to empower the empirical analysis of fields such as psychotherapy and social group dynamics.Alessandro GennaroValeria CarolaCristina OttavianiChiara PescaArianna PalmieriSergio SalvatoreMDPI AGarticleaffectaffective saturation indexmeaningtext analysisphysiologyheart rate variabilityScienceQAstrophysicsQB460-466PhysicsQC1-999ENEntropy, Vol 23, Iss 1421, p 1421 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	affect affective saturation index meaning text analysis physiology heart rate variability Science Q Astrophysics QB460-466 Physics QC1-999
spellingShingle	affect affective saturation index meaning text analysis physiology heart rate variability Science Q Astrophysics QB460-466 Physics QC1-999 Alessandro Gennaro Valeria Carola Cristina Ottaviani Chiara Pesca Arianna Palmieri Sergio Salvatore Affective Saturation Index: A Lexical Measure of Affect
description	Affect plays a major role in the individual’s daily life, driving the sensemaking of experience, psychopathological conditions, social representations of phenomena, and ways of coping with others. The characteristics of affect have been traditionally investigated through physiological, self-report, and behavioral measures. The present article proposes a text-based measure to detect affect intensity: the Affective Saturation Index (ASI). The ASI rationale and the conceptualization of affect are overviewed, and an initial validation study on the ASI’s convergent and concurrent validity is presented. Forty individuals completed a non-clinical semi-structured interview. For each interview transcript, the ASI was esteemed and compared to the individual’s physiological index of propensity to affective arousal (measured by heart rate variability (HRV)); transcript semantic complexity (measured through the Semantic Entropy Index (SEI)); and lexical syntactic complexity (measured through the Flesch–Vacca Index (FVI)). ANOVAs and bi-variate correlations estimated the size of the relationships between indexes and sample characteristics (age, gender), then a set of multiple linear regressions tested the ASI’s association with HRV, the SEI, and the FVI. Results support the ASI construct and criteria validity. The ASI proved able to detect affective saturation in interview transcripts (SEI and FVI, adjusted R<sup>2</sup> = 0.428 and adjusted R<sup>2</sup> = 0.241, respectively) and the way the text’s affective saturation reflected the intensity of the individual’s affective state (HRV, adjusted R<sup>2</sup> = 0.428). In conclusion, although the specificity of the sample (psychology students) limits the findings’ generalizability, the ASI provides the chance to use written texts to measure affect in accordance with a dynamic approach, independent of the spatio-temporal setting in which they were produced. In doing so, the ASI provides a way to empower the empirical analysis of fields such as psychotherapy and social group dynamics.
format	article
author	Alessandro Gennaro Valeria Carola Cristina Ottaviani Chiara Pesca Arianna Palmieri Sergio Salvatore
author_facet	Alessandro Gennaro Valeria Carola Cristina Ottaviani Chiara Pesca Arianna Palmieri Sergio Salvatore
author_sort	Alessandro Gennaro
title	Affective Saturation Index: A Lexical Measure of Affect
title_short	Affective Saturation Index: A Lexical Measure of Affect
title_full	Affective Saturation Index: A Lexical Measure of Affect
title_fullStr	Affective Saturation Index: A Lexical Measure of Affect
title_full_unstemmed	Affective Saturation Index: A Lexical Measure of Affect
title_sort	affective saturation index: a lexical measure of affect
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/bcf02c872a1b4a27b43cdfd830d6f6c4
work_keys_str_mv	AT alessandrogennaro affectivesaturationindexalexicalmeasureofaffect AT valeriacarola affectivesaturationindexalexicalmeasureofaffect AT cristinaottaviani affectivesaturationindexalexicalmeasureofaffect AT chiarapesca affectivesaturationindexalexicalmeasureofaffect AT ariannapalmieri affectivesaturationindexalexicalmeasureofaffect AT sergiosalvatore affectivesaturationindexalexicalmeasureofaffect
_version_	1718412307723190272

Affective Saturation Index: A Lexical Measure of Affect

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