Infection of type I interferon receptor-deficient mice with various old world arenaviruses: a model for studying virulence and host species barriers.

Lassa virus causes hemorrhagic Lassa fever in humans, while the related Old World arenaviruses Mopeia, Morogoro, and Mobala are supposedly apathogenic to humans and cause only inapparent infection in non-human primates. Here, we studied whether the virulence of Old World arenaviruses in humans and n...

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Autores principales:	Toni Rieger, Doron Merkler, Stephan Günther
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bd191029ab974e919386fcb1662ce64f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bd191029ab974e919386fcb1662ce64f2021-11-18T08:58:26ZInfection of type I interferon receptor-deficient mice with various old world arenaviruses: a model for studying virulence and host species barriers.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0072290https://doaj.org/article/bd191029ab974e919386fcb1662ce64f2013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23991083/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Lassa virus causes hemorrhagic Lassa fever in humans, while the related Old World arenaviruses Mopeia, Morogoro, and Mobala are supposedly apathogenic to humans and cause only inapparent infection in non-human primates. Here, we studied whether the virulence of Old World arenaviruses in humans and non-human primates is reflected in type I interferon receptor deficient (IFNAR(-/-)) mice by testing several strains of Lassa virus vs. the apathogenic viruses Mopeia, Morogoro, and Mobala. All Lassa virus strains tested-Josiah, AV, BA366, and Nig04-10-replicated to high titers in blood, lung, kidney, heart, spleen, brain, and liver and caused disease as evidenced by weight loss and elevation of aspartate and alanine aminotransferase (AST and ALT) levels with a high AST/ALT ratio. Lassa fever-like pathology included acute hepatitis, interstitial pneumonia, and pronounced disturbance of splenic cytoarchitecture. Infiltrations of activated monocytes/macrophages expressing inducible nitric oxide synthase and T cells were found in liver and lung. In contrast, Mopeia, Morogoro, and Mobala virus replicated poorly in the animals and acute inflammatory alterations were not noted. Depletion of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells strongly enhanced susceptibility of IFNAR(-/-) mice to the apathogenic viruses. In conclusion, the virulence of Old World arenaviruses in IFNAR(-/-) mice correlates with their virulence in humans and non-human primates. In addition to the type I interferon system, T cells seem to regulate whether or not an arenavirus can productively infect non-host rodent species. The observation that Lassa virus overcomes the species barrier without artificial depletion of T cells suggests it is able to impair T cell functionality in a way that corresponds to depletion.Toni RiegerDoron MerklerStephan GüntherPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 8, p e72290 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Toni Rieger Doron Merkler Stephan Günther Infection of type I interferon receptor-deficient mice with various old world arenaviruses: a model for studying virulence and host species barriers.
description	Lassa virus causes hemorrhagic Lassa fever in humans, while the related Old World arenaviruses Mopeia, Morogoro, and Mobala are supposedly apathogenic to humans and cause only inapparent infection in non-human primates. Here, we studied whether the virulence of Old World arenaviruses in humans and non-human primates is reflected in type I interferon receptor deficient (IFNAR(-/-)) mice by testing several strains of Lassa virus vs. the apathogenic viruses Mopeia, Morogoro, and Mobala. All Lassa virus strains tested-Josiah, AV, BA366, and Nig04-10-replicated to high titers in blood, lung, kidney, heart, spleen, brain, and liver and caused disease as evidenced by weight loss and elevation of aspartate and alanine aminotransferase (AST and ALT) levels with a high AST/ALT ratio. Lassa fever-like pathology included acute hepatitis, interstitial pneumonia, and pronounced disturbance of splenic cytoarchitecture. Infiltrations of activated monocytes/macrophages expressing inducible nitric oxide synthase and T cells were found in liver and lung. In contrast, Mopeia, Morogoro, and Mobala virus replicated poorly in the animals and acute inflammatory alterations were not noted. Depletion of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells strongly enhanced susceptibility of IFNAR(-/-) mice to the apathogenic viruses. In conclusion, the virulence of Old World arenaviruses in IFNAR(-/-) mice correlates with their virulence in humans and non-human primates. In addition to the type I interferon system, T cells seem to regulate whether or not an arenavirus can productively infect non-host rodent species. The observation that Lassa virus overcomes the species barrier without artificial depletion of T cells suggests it is able to impair T cell functionality in a way that corresponds to depletion.
format	article
author	Toni Rieger Doron Merkler Stephan Günther
author_facet	Toni Rieger Doron Merkler Stephan Günther
author_sort	Toni Rieger
title	Infection of type I interferon receptor-deficient mice with various old world arenaviruses: a model for studying virulence and host species barriers.
title_short	Infection of type I interferon receptor-deficient mice with various old world arenaviruses: a model for studying virulence and host species barriers.
title_full	Infection of type I interferon receptor-deficient mice with various old world arenaviruses: a model for studying virulence and host species barriers.
title_fullStr	Infection of type I interferon receptor-deficient mice with various old world arenaviruses: a model for studying virulence and host species barriers.
title_full_unstemmed	Infection of type I interferon receptor-deficient mice with various old world arenaviruses: a model for studying virulence and host species barriers.
title_sort	infection of type i interferon receptor-deficient mice with various old world arenaviruses: a model for studying virulence and host species barriers.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/bd191029ab974e919386fcb1662ce64f
work_keys_str_mv	AT tonirieger infectionoftypeiinterferonreceptordeficientmicewithvariousoldworldarenavirusesamodelforstudyingvirulenceandhostspeciesbarriers AT doronmerkler infectionoftypeiinterferonreceptordeficientmicewithvariousoldworldarenavirusesamodelforstudyingvirulenceandhostspeciesbarriers AT stephangunther infectionoftypeiinterferonreceptordeficientmicewithvariousoldworldarenavirusesamodelforstudyingvirulenceandhostspeciesbarriers
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Infection of type I interferon receptor-deficient mice with various old world arenaviruses: a model for studying virulence and host species barriers.

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