Molecular species delimitation of shrub frogs of the genus Pseudophilautus (Anura, Rhacophoridae).

Sri Lanka is an amphibian hotspot of global significance. Its anuran fauna is dominated by the shrub frogs of the genus Pseudophilautus. Except for one small clade of four species in Peninsular India, these cool-wet adapted frogs, numbering some 59 extant species, are distributed mainly across the m...

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Autores principales:	Gajaba Ellepola, Jayampathi Herath, Kelum Manamendra-Arachchi, Nayana Wijayathilaka, Gayani Senevirathne, Rohan Pethiyagoda, Madhava Meegaskumbura
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bd307e9d072b47debac09dcd3914c273
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bd307e9d072b47debac09dcd3914c2732021-12-02T20:16:46ZMolecular species delimitation of shrub frogs of the genus Pseudophilautus (Anura, Rhacophoridae).1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0258594https://doaj.org/article/bd307e9d072b47debac09dcd3914c2732021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258594https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Sri Lanka is an amphibian hotspot of global significance. Its anuran fauna is dominated by the shrub frogs of the genus Pseudophilautus. Except for one small clade of four species in Peninsular India, these cool-wet adapted frogs, numbering some 59 extant species, are distributed mainly across the montane and lowland rain forests of the island. With species described primarily by morphological means, the diversification has never yet been subjected to a molecular species delimitation analysis, a procedure now routinely applied in taxonomy. Here we test the species boundaries of Pseudophilautus in the context of the phylogenetic species concept (PSC). We use all the putative species for which credible molecular data are available (nDNA-Rag-1; mt-DNA- 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA) to build a well resolved phylogeny, which is subjected to species delimitation analyses. The ABGD, bPTP, mPTP and bGMYC species delimitation methods applied to the 16S rRNA frog barcoding gene (for all species), 12S rRNA and Rag-1 nDNA grouped P. procax and P. abundus; P. hallidayi and P. fergusonianus; P. reticulatus and P. pappilosus; P. pleurotaenia and P. hoipolloi; P. hoffmani and P. asankai; P. silvaticus and P. limbus; P. dilmah and P. hankeni; P. fulvus and P. silus.. Surprisingly, all analyses recovered 14 unidentified potential new species as well. The geophylogeny affirms a distribution across the island's aseasonal 'wet zone' and its three principal hill ranges, suggestive of allopatric speciation playing a dominant role, especially between mountain masses. Among the species that are merged by the delimitation analyses, a pattern leading towards a model of parapatric speciation emerges-ongoing speciation in the presence of gene flow. This delimitation analysis reinforces the species hypotheses, paving the way to a reasonable understanding of Sri Lankan Pseudophilautus, enabling both deeper analyses and conservation efforts of this remarkable diversification. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:DA869B6B-870A-4ED3-BF5D-5AA3F69DDD27.Gajaba EllepolaJayampathi HerathKelum Manamendra-ArachchiNayana WijayathilakaGayani SenevirathneRohan PethiyagodaMadhava MeegaskumburaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 10, p e0258594 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Gajaba Ellepola Jayampathi Herath Kelum Manamendra-Arachchi Nayana Wijayathilaka Gayani Senevirathne Rohan Pethiyagoda Madhava Meegaskumbura Molecular species delimitation of shrub frogs of the genus Pseudophilautus (Anura, Rhacophoridae).
description	Sri Lanka is an amphibian hotspot of global significance. Its anuran fauna is dominated by the shrub frogs of the genus Pseudophilautus. Except for one small clade of four species in Peninsular India, these cool-wet adapted frogs, numbering some 59 extant species, are distributed mainly across the montane and lowland rain forests of the island. With species described primarily by morphological means, the diversification has never yet been subjected to a molecular species delimitation analysis, a procedure now routinely applied in taxonomy. Here we test the species boundaries of Pseudophilautus in the context of the phylogenetic species concept (PSC). We use all the putative species for which credible molecular data are available (nDNA-Rag-1; mt-DNA- 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA) to build a well resolved phylogeny, which is subjected to species delimitation analyses. The ABGD, bPTP, mPTP and bGMYC species delimitation methods applied to the 16S rRNA frog barcoding gene (for all species), 12S rRNA and Rag-1 nDNA grouped P. procax and P. abundus; P. hallidayi and P. fergusonianus; P. reticulatus and P. pappilosus; P. pleurotaenia and P. hoipolloi; P. hoffmani and P. asankai; P. silvaticus and P. limbus; P. dilmah and P. hankeni; P. fulvus and P. silus.. Surprisingly, all analyses recovered 14 unidentified potential new species as well. The geophylogeny affirms a distribution across the island's aseasonal 'wet zone' and its three principal hill ranges, suggestive of allopatric speciation playing a dominant role, especially between mountain masses. Among the species that are merged by the delimitation analyses, a pattern leading towards a model of parapatric speciation emerges-ongoing speciation in the presence of gene flow. This delimitation analysis reinforces the species hypotheses, paving the way to a reasonable understanding of Sri Lankan Pseudophilautus, enabling both deeper analyses and conservation efforts of this remarkable diversification. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:DA869B6B-870A-4ED3-BF5D-5AA3F69DDD27.
format	article
author	Gajaba Ellepola Jayampathi Herath Kelum Manamendra-Arachchi Nayana Wijayathilaka Gayani Senevirathne Rohan Pethiyagoda Madhava Meegaskumbura
author_facet	Gajaba Ellepola Jayampathi Herath Kelum Manamendra-Arachchi Nayana Wijayathilaka Gayani Senevirathne Rohan Pethiyagoda Madhava Meegaskumbura
author_sort	Gajaba Ellepola
title	Molecular species delimitation of shrub frogs of the genus Pseudophilautus (Anura, Rhacophoridae).
title_short	Molecular species delimitation of shrub frogs of the genus Pseudophilautus (Anura, Rhacophoridae).
title_full	Molecular species delimitation of shrub frogs of the genus Pseudophilautus (Anura, Rhacophoridae).
title_fullStr	Molecular species delimitation of shrub frogs of the genus Pseudophilautus (Anura, Rhacophoridae).
title_full_unstemmed	Molecular species delimitation of shrub frogs of the genus Pseudophilautus (Anura, Rhacophoridae).
title_sort	molecular species delimitation of shrub frogs of the genus pseudophilautus (anura, rhacophoridae).
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/bd307e9d072b47debac09dcd3914c273
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Molecular species delimitation of shrub frogs of the genus Pseudophilautus (Anura, Rhacophoridae).

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