Drug-Screening Strategies for Inhibition of Virus-Induced Neuronal Cell Death

A number of viruses, including Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), West Nile Virus (WNV), La Crosse Virus (LACV), Zika virus (ZIKV) and Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), have the ability to gain access to the central nervous system (CNS) and cause severe neurological disease or death. Although encephali...

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Autores principales:	Durbadal Ojha, Tyson A. Woods, Karin E. Peterson
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	encephalitic virus neuronal cell lines drug screen cytotoxicity concentration effective concentration selectivity index Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bd32a25a0ae14c0bad832bb26e148f19
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bd32a25a0ae14c0bad832bb26e148f192021-11-25T19:14:31ZDrug-Screening Strategies for Inhibition of Virus-Induced Neuronal Cell Death10.3390/v131123171999-4915https://doaj.org/article/bd32a25a0ae14c0bad832bb26e148f192021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/11/2317https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4915A number of viruses, including Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), West Nile Virus (WNV), La Crosse Virus (LACV), Zika virus (ZIKV) and Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), have the ability to gain access to the central nervous system (CNS) and cause severe neurological disease or death. Although encephalitis cases caused by these viruses are generally rare, there are relatively few treatment options available for patients with viral encephalitis other than palliative care. Many of these viruses directly infect neurons and can cause neuronal death. Thus, there is the need for the identification of useful therapeutic compounds that can inhibit virus replication in neurons or inhibit virus-induced neuronal cell death. In this paper, we describe the methodology to test compounds for their ability to inhibit virus-induced neuronal cell death. These protocols include the isolation and culturing of primary neurons; the culturing of neuroblastoma and neuronal stem cell lines; infection of these cells with viruses; treatment of these cells with selected drugs; measuring virus-induced cell death using MTT or XTT reagents; analysis of virus production from these cells; as well as the basic understanding in mode of action. We further show direct evidence of the effectiveness of these protocols by utilizing them to test the effectiveness of the polyphenol drug, Rottlerin, at inhibiting Zika virus infection and death of neuronal cell lines.Durbadal OjhaTyson A. WoodsKarin E. PetersonMDPI AGarticleencephalitic virusneuronal cell linesdrug screencytotoxicity concentrationeffective concentrationselectivity indexMicrobiologyQR1-502ENViruses, Vol 13, Iss 2317, p 2317 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	encephalitic virus neuronal cell lines drug screen cytotoxicity concentration effective concentration selectivity index Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	encephalitic virus neuronal cell lines drug screen cytotoxicity concentration effective concentration selectivity index Microbiology QR1-502 Durbadal Ojha Tyson A. Woods Karin E. Peterson Drug-Screening Strategies for Inhibition of Virus-Induced Neuronal Cell Death
description	A number of viruses, including Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), West Nile Virus (WNV), La Crosse Virus (LACV), Zika virus (ZIKV) and Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), have the ability to gain access to the central nervous system (CNS) and cause severe neurological disease or death. Although encephalitis cases caused by these viruses are generally rare, there are relatively few treatment options available for patients with viral encephalitis other than palliative care. Many of these viruses directly infect neurons and can cause neuronal death. Thus, there is the need for the identification of useful therapeutic compounds that can inhibit virus replication in neurons or inhibit virus-induced neuronal cell death. In this paper, we describe the methodology to test compounds for their ability to inhibit virus-induced neuronal cell death. These protocols include the isolation and culturing of primary neurons; the culturing of neuroblastoma and neuronal stem cell lines; infection of these cells with viruses; treatment of these cells with selected drugs; measuring virus-induced cell death using MTT or XTT reagents; analysis of virus production from these cells; as well as the basic understanding in mode of action. We further show direct evidence of the effectiveness of these protocols by utilizing them to test the effectiveness of the polyphenol drug, Rottlerin, at inhibiting Zika virus infection and death of neuronal cell lines.
format	article
author	Durbadal Ojha Tyson A. Woods Karin E. Peterson
author_facet	Durbadal Ojha Tyson A. Woods Karin E. Peterson
author_sort	Durbadal Ojha
title	Drug-Screening Strategies for Inhibition of Virus-Induced Neuronal Cell Death
title_short	Drug-Screening Strategies for Inhibition of Virus-Induced Neuronal Cell Death
title_full	Drug-Screening Strategies for Inhibition of Virus-Induced Neuronal Cell Death
title_fullStr	Drug-Screening Strategies for Inhibition of Virus-Induced Neuronal Cell Death
title_full_unstemmed	Drug-Screening Strategies for Inhibition of Virus-Induced Neuronal Cell Death
title_sort	drug-screening strategies for inhibition of virus-induced neuronal cell death
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/bd32a25a0ae14c0bad832bb26e148f19
work_keys_str_mv	AT durbadalojha drugscreeningstrategiesforinhibitionofvirusinducedneuronalcelldeath AT tysonawoods drugscreeningstrategiesforinhibitionofvirusinducedneuronalcelldeath AT karinepeterson drugscreeningstrategiesforinhibitionofvirusinducedneuronalcelldeath
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Drug-Screening Strategies for Inhibition of Virus-Induced Neuronal Cell Death

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