QimmeqHealth—thyroid status of Greenland sled dogs (Canis lupus familiaris borealis)

Abstract Background Greenland sled dogs (GSD) are a unique, genetically isolated population of dogs living under exceptional environmental conditions. Metabolism, and thereby thyroid hormones are affected by multiple factors. Among other activity, energy balance and environmental conditions are impo...

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Autores principales:	Bolette Winnerskjold Gjaldbæk, Emilie Ulrikka Andersen-Ranberg, Rikke Langebæk, Anne Kirstine Havnsøe Krogh
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Body condition score Management Reference interval Season Sled dogs Thyroid hormones Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bd37d6e30e334c0b807f6b82e12999bc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bd37d6e30e334c0b807f6b82e12999bc2021-12-05T12:20:25ZQimmeqHealth—thyroid status of Greenland sled dogs (Canis lupus familiaris borealis)10.1186/s13028-021-00617-81751-0147https://doaj.org/article/bd37d6e30e334c0b807f6b82e12999bc2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-021-00617-8https://doaj.org/toc/1751-0147Abstract Background Greenland sled dogs (GSD) are a unique, genetically isolated population of dogs living under exceptional environmental conditions. Metabolism, and thereby thyroid hormones are affected by multiple factors. Among other activity, energy balance and environmental conditions are important. A breed-specific reference interval (RI) can be useful for diagnostics of potential thyroid-related pathologies. The aim of this study was to establish RIs of the thyroid hormones thyroxin (T4), free thyroxin (fT4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in GSD. In addition to evaluate the effect of sex, age, season, management, and body condition score (BCS) in GSD. Physical exams and cephalic venous blood sampling were performed in the period of 2018–2019 from 265 GSD managed either privately or by the Danish navy. Serum biochemical analyses, including C-reactive protein, were performed and RIs were determined for TSH, T4 and fT4 in only healthy dogs. The RIs were determined using American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology guidelines and the effect of varying factors were evaluated by linear regression and further tested by Mann–Whitney test. Results 144 GSD were included in the reference group resulting in RIs: T4: 6.44–48.65 nmol/L; fT4: 3.91–18.51 pmol/L; and TSH: 0.04–0.55 ng/mL. Female GSD had significantly higher concentrations of T4 (P = 0.039) and fT4 (P = 0.015) compared to males; a positive correlation between TSH and aging was found; T4 concentrations were significantly higher (P = 0.003) during summer; and TSH concentrations were lower in GSD managed by the navy (P < 0.0001). BCS was higher (P < 0.0001) in Sirius GSD compared to civilian GSD, and BCS was positively correlated with T4 and negatively correlated with TSH. Conclusions Reference intervals for T4, fT4 and TSH in GSD were established. The RI for T4 and fT4 was lower compared to other breeds. In addition, sex, age, season, management and BCS demonstrated variable effects on thyroid hormones. Our results can be used as a foundation for improving management and further research of GSD.Bolette Winnerskjold GjaldbækEmilie Ulrikka Andersen-RanbergRikke LangebækAnne Kirstine Havnsøe KroghBMCarticleBody condition scoreManagementReference intervalSeasonSled dogsThyroid hormonesVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ENActa Veterinaria Scandinavica, Vol 63, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Body condition score Management Reference interval Season Sled dogs Thyroid hormones Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
spellingShingle	Body condition score Management Reference interval Season Sled dogs Thyroid hormones Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Bolette Winnerskjold Gjaldbæk Emilie Ulrikka Andersen-Ranberg Rikke Langebæk Anne Kirstine Havnsøe Krogh QimmeqHealth—thyroid status of Greenland sled dogs (Canis lupus familiaris borealis)
description	Abstract Background Greenland sled dogs (GSD) are a unique, genetically isolated population of dogs living under exceptional environmental conditions. Metabolism, and thereby thyroid hormones are affected by multiple factors. Among other activity, energy balance and environmental conditions are important. A breed-specific reference interval (RI) can be useful for diagnostics of potential thyroid-related pathologies. The aim of this study was to establish RIs of the thyroid hormones thyroxin (T4), free thyroxin (fT4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in GSD. In addition to evaluate the effect of sex, age, season, management, and body condition score (BCS) in GSD. Physical exams and cephalic venous blood sampling were performed in the period of 2018–2019 from 265 GSD managed either privately or by the Danish navy. Serum biochemical analyses, including C-reactive protein, were performed and RIs were determined for TSH, T4 and fT4 in only healthy dogs. The RIs were determined using American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology guidelines and the effect of varying factors were evaluated by linear regression and further tested by Mann–Whitney test. Results 144 GSD were included in the reference group resulting in RIs: T4: 6.44–48.65 nmol/L; fT4: 3.91–18.51 pmol/L; and TSH: 0.04–0.55 ng/mL. Female GSD had significantly higher concentrations of T4 (P = 0.039) and fT4 (P = 0.015) compared to males; a positive correlation between TSH and aging was found; T4 concentrations were significantly higher (P = 0.003) during summer; and TSH concentrations were lower in GSD managed by the navy (P < 0.0001). BCS was higher (P < 0.0001) in Sirius GSD compared to civilian GSD, and BCS was positively correlated with T4 and negatively correlated with TSH. Conclusions Reference intervals for T4, fT4 and TSH in GSD were established. The RI for T4 and fT4 was lower compared to other breeds. In addition, sex, age, season, management and BCS demonstrated variable effects on thyroid hormones. Our results can be used as a foundation for improving management and further research of GSD.
format	article
author	Bolette Winnerskjold Gjaldbæk Emilie Ulrikka Andersen-Ranberg Rikke Langebæk Anne Kirstine Havnsøe Krogh
author_facet	Bolette Winnerskjold Gjaldbæk Emilie Ulrikka Andersen-Ranberg Rikke Langebæk Anne Kirstine Havnsøe Krogh
author_sort	Bolette Winnerskjold Gjaldbæk
title	QimmeqHealth—thyroid status of Greenland sled dogs (Canis lupus familiaris borealis)
title_short	QimmeqHealth—thyroid status of Greenland sled dogs (Canis lupus familiaris borealis)
title_full	QimmeqHealth—thyroid status of Greenland sled dogs (Canis lupus familiaris borealis)
title_fullStr	QimmeqHealth—thyroid status of Greenland sled dogs (Canis lupus familiaris borealis)
title_full_unstemmed	QimmeqHealth—thyroid status of Greenland sled dogs (Canis lupus familiaris borealis)
title_sort	qimmeqhealth—thyroid status of greenland sled dogs (canis lupus familiaris borealis)
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/bd37d6e30e334c0b807f6b82e12999bc
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QimmeqHealth—thyroid status of Greenland sled dogs (Canis lupus familiaris borealis)

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