In Vitro Activity of Pentamidine Isethionate against Trophozoite and Cyst of Acanthamoeba
Background: Acanthamoebae are a causative agent of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) in immunocompetent individuals. Since access to propamidine isethionate (Brolene®) as a first-line treatment has been limited in recent years, in the current study, we examined the effects of pentamidine isethionate again...
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Tehran University of Medical Sciences
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:bd4ca48add324c6f98d22a052fcc61822021-11-29T07:18:54ZIn Vitro Activity of Pentamidine Isethionate against Trophozoite and Cyst of Acanthamoeba1735-70202008-238Xhttps://doaj.org/article/bd4ca48add324c6f98d22a052fcc61822021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/3300https://doaj.org/toc/1735-7020https://doaj.org/toc/2008-238XBackground: Acanthamoebae are a causative agent of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) in immunocompetent individuals. Since access to propamidine isethionate (Brolene®) as a first-line treatment has been limited in recent years, in the current study, we examined the effects of pentamidine isethionate against trophozoite and cyst forms of Acanthamoeba. Methods: This experimental study was conducted in the Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, during 2019-2020. Pentamidine isethionate at concentrations of 50, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 µM were tested against trophozoites and cyst stages of T4 genotype, at 24- and 48-hour incubation period, and the viability was determined by trypan blue staining. In addition, the cytotoxic effect of the drug was examined in Vero cells using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Results: The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of pentamidine isethionate on trophozoite after 24 and 48h were 97.4 µM and 60.99 µM. These results on cyst after 24 and 48h were 470 µM and 175.5 µM, respectively. In MTT assay, the drug showed an inhibitory effect on Vero cell growth with IC50 values of 115.4 µM and 87.42 µM after 24h and 48h, respectively. Conclusion: Pentamidine isethionate exhibited an inhibitory effect on trophozoite and cyst. Given that the trophozoicidal activity of the drug is in the safe dose, it could be suggested as an alternative in patients with AK; however, further investigation is needed in an animal model to confirm the data.Massoud BehniaAlireza LatifiMostafa RezaianSharmin KharaziMehdi MohebaliSetayesh YasamiShiva SaghafiReza ChahardoliNarges AnasoriHakimeh TorkianMohammad SoleimaniMaryam NiyyatiElham KazemiradTehran University of Medical Sciencesarticleacanthamoebapentamidine isethionatetrophozoitecystin vitroInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216ENIranian Journal of Parasitology, Vol 16, Iss 4, Pp 560-566 (2021) |
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| topic |
acanthamoeba pentamidine isethionate trophozoite cyst in vitro Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
| spellingShingle |
acanthamoeba pentamidine isethionate trophozoite cyst in vitro Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Massoud Behnia Alireza Latifi Mostafa Rezaian Sharmin Kharazi Mehdi Mohebali Setayesh Yasami Shiva Saghafi Reza Chahardoli Narges Anasori Hakimeh Torkian Mohammad Soleimani Maryam Niyyati Elham Kazemirad In Vitro Activity of Pentamidine Isethionate against Trophozoite and Cyst of Acanthamoeba |
| description |
Background: Acanthamoebae are a causative agent of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) in immunocompetent individuals. Since access to propamidine isethionate (Brolene®) as a first-line treatment has been limited in recent years, in the current study, we examined the effects of pentamidine isethionate against trophozoite and cyst forms of Acanthamoeba.
Methods: This experimental study was conducted in the Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, during 2019-2020. Pentamidine isethionate at concentrations of 50, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 µM were tested against trophozoites and cyst stages of T4 genotype, at 24- and 48-hour incubation period, and the viability was determined by trypan blue staining. In addition, the cytotoxic effect of the drug was examined in Vero cells using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.
Results: The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of pentamidine isethionate on trophozoite after 24 and 48h were 97.4 µM and 60.99 µM. These results on cyst after 24 and 48h were 470 µM and 175.5 µM, respectively. In MTT assay, the drug showed an inhibitory effect on Vero cell growth with IC50 values of 115.4 µM and 87.42 µM after 24h and 48h, respectively.
Conclusion: Pentamidine isethionate exhibited an inhibitory effect on trophozoite and cyst. Given that the trophozoicidal activity of the drug is in the safe dose, it could be suggested as an alternative in patients with AK; however, further investigation is needed in an animal model to confirm the data. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Massoud Behnia Alireza Latifi Mostafa Rezaian Sharmin Kharazi Mehdi Mohebali Setayesh Yasami Shiva Saghafi Reza Chahardoli Narges Anasori Hakimeh Torkian Mohammad Soleimani Maryam Niyyati Elham Kazemirad |
| author_facet |
Massoud Behnia Alireza Latifi Mostafa Rezaian Sharmin Kharazi Mehdi Mohebali Setayesh Yasami Shiva Saghafi Reza Chahardoli Narges Anasori Hakimeh Torkian Mohammad Soleimani Maryam Niyyati Elham Kazemirad |
| author_sort |
Massoud Behnia |
| title |
In Vitro Activity of Pentamidine Isethionate against Trophozoite and Cyst of Acanthamoeba |
| title_short |
In Vitro Activity of Pentamidine Isethionate against Trophozoite and Cyst of Acanthamoeba |
| title_full |
In Vitro Activity of Pentamidine Isethionate against Trophozoite and Cyst of Acanthamoeba |
| title_fullStr |
In Vitro Activity of Pentamidine Isethionate against Trophozoite and Cyst of Acanthamoeba |
| title_full_unstemmed |
In Vitro Activity of Pentamidine Isethionate against Trophozoite and Cyst of Acanthamoeba |
| title_sort |
in vitro activity of pentamidine isethionate against trophozoite and cyst of acanthamoeba |
| publisher |
Tehran University of Medical Sciences |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/bd4ca48add324c6f98d22a052fcc6182 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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