Surface Patterning of Closed Nanochannel Using VUV Light and Surface Evaluation by Streaming Current

In nanofluidics, surface control is a critical technology because nanospaces are surface-governed spaces as a consequence of their extremely high surface-to-volume ratio. Various surface patterning methods have been developed, including patterning on an open substrate and patterning using a liquid m...

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Autores principales:	Kyojiro Morikawa, Haruki Kazumi, Yoshiyuki Tsuyama, Ryoichi Ohta, Takehiko Kitamori
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	nanofluidics nanofabrication surface patterning streaming current Laplace valve Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bd57f9f3e99042dca66f424fccd7d9dc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bd57f9f3e99042dca66f424fccd7d9dc2021-11-25T18:23:26ZSurface Patterning of Closed Nanochannel Using VUV Light and Surface Evaluation by Streaming Current10.3390/mi121113672072-666Xhttps://doaj.org/article/bd57f9f3e99042dca66f424fccd7d9dc2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/12/11/1367https://doaj.org/toc/2072-666XIn nanofluidics, surface control is a critical technology because nanospaces are surface-governed spaces as a consequence of their extremely high surface-to-volume ratio. Various surface patterning methods have been developed, including patterning on an open substrate and patterning using a liquid modifier in microchannels. However, the surface patterning of a closed nanochannel is difficult. In addition, the surface evaluation of closed nanochannels is difficult because of a lack of appropriate experimental tools. In this study, we verified the surface patterning of a closed nanochannel by vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light and evaluated the surface using streaming-current measurements. First, the C<sub>18</sub> modification of closed nanochannels was confirmed by Laplace pressure measurements. In addition, no streaming-current signal was detected for the C<sub>18</sub>-modified surface, confirming the successful modification of the nanochannel surface with C<sub>18</sub> groups. The C<sub>18</sub> groups were subsequently decomposed by VUV light, and the nanochannel surface became hydrophilic because of the presence of silanol groups. In streaming-current measurements, the current signals increased in amplitude with increasing VUV light irradiation time, indicating the decomposition of the C<sub>18</sub> groups on the closed nanochannel surfaces. Finally, hydrophilic/hydrophobic patterning by VUV light was performed in a nanochannel. Capillary filling experiments confirmed the presence of a hydrophilic/hydrophobic interface. Therefore, VUV patterning in a closed nanochannel was demonstrated, and the surface of a closed nanochannel was successfully evaluated using streaming-current measurements.Kyojiro MorikawaHaruki KazumiYoshiyuki TsuyamaRyoichi OhtaTakehiko KitamoriMDPI AGarticlenanofluidicsnanofabricationsurface patterningstreaming currentLaplace valveMechanical engineering and machineryTJ1-1570ENMicromachines, Vol 12, Iss 1367, p 1367 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	nanofluidics nanofabrication surface patterning streaming current Laplace valve Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570
spellingShingle	nanofluidics nanofabrication surface patterning streaming current Laplace valve Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570 Kyojiro Morikawa Haruki Kazumi Yoshiyuki Tsuyama Ryoichi Ohta Takehiko Kitamori Surface Patterning of Closed Nanochannel Using VUV Light and Surface Evaluation by Streaming Current
description	In nanofluidics, surface control is a critical technology because nanospaces are surface-governed spaces as a consequence of their extremely high surface-to-volume ratio. Various surface patterning methods have been developed, including patterning on an open substrate and patterning using a liquid modifier in microchannels. However, the surface patterning of a closed nanochannel is difficult. In addition, the surface evaluation of closed nanochannels is difficult because of a lack of appropriate experimental tools. In this study, we verified the surface patterning of a closed nanochannel by vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light and evaluated the surface using streaming-current measurements. First, the C<sub>18</sub> modification of closed nanochannels was confirmed by Laplace pressure measurements. In addition, no streaming-current signal was detected for the C<sub>18</sub>-modified surface, confirming the successful modification of the nanochannel surface with C<sub>18</sub> groups. The C<sub>18</sub> groups were subsequently decomposed by VUV light, and the nanochannel surface became hydrophilic because of the presence of silanol groups. In streaming-current measurements, the current signals increased in amplitude with increasing VUV light irradiation time, indicating the decomposition of the C<sub>18</sub> groups on the closed nanochannel surfaces. Finally, hydrophilic/hydrophobic patterning by VUV light was performed in a nanochannel. Capillary filling experiments confirmed the presence of a hydrophilic/hydrophobic interface. Therefore, VUV patterning in a closed nanochannel was demonstrated, and the surface of a closed nanochannel was successfully evaluated using streaming-current measurements.
format	article
author	Kyojiro Morikawa Haruki Kazumi Yoshiyuki Tsuyama Ryoichi Ohta Takehiko Kitamori
author_facet	Kyojiro Morikawa Haruki Kazumi Yoshiyuki Tsuyama Ryoichi Ohta Takehiko Kitamori
author_sort	Kyojiro Morikawa
title	Surface Patterning of Closed Nanochannel Using VUV Light and Surface Evaluation by Streaming Current
title_short	Surface Patterning of Closed Nanochannel Using VUV Light and Surface Evaluation by Streaming Current
title_full	Surface Patterning of Closed Nanochannel Using VUV Light and Surface Evaluation by Streaming Current
title_fullStr	Surface Patterning of Closed Nanochannel Using VUV Light and Surface Evaluation by Streaming Current
title_full_unstemmed	Surface Patterning of Closed Nanochannel Using VUV Light and Surface Evaluation by Streaming Current
title_sort	surface patterning of closed nanochannel using vuv light and surface evaluation by streaming current
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/bd57f9f3e99042dca66f424fccd7d9dc
work_keys_str_mv	AT kyojiromorikawa surfacepatterningofclosednanochannelusingvuvlightandsurfaceevaluationbystreamingcurrent AT harukikazumi surfacepatterningofclosednanochannelusingvuvlightandsurfaceevaluationbystreamingcurrent AT yoshiyukitsuyama surfacepatterningofclosednanochannelusingvuvlightandsurfaceevaluationbystreamingcurrent AT ryoichiohta surfacepatterningofclosednanochannelusingvuvlightandsurfaceevaluationbystreamingcurrent AT takehikokitamori surfacepatterningofclosednanochannelusingvuvlightandsurfaceevaluationbystreamingcurrent
_version_	1718411221405794304

Surface Patterning of Closed Nanochannel Using VUV Light and Surface Evaluation by Streaming Current

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