Heterotrimeric G Proteins

Heterotrimeric G proteins, commonly known as G proteins are members of thelarge GTPase superfamily that are conserved from bacteria to mammals. G proteinsplay an essential role in cellular signaling by coupling many cell surface receptorsto effectors on the plasma membrane. G proteins are composed o...

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Autores principales:	Bahire Küçükkaya, Beki Kan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	De Gruyter 2007
Materias:	Heterotrimeric G proteins G proteins cellular signaling Biochemistry QD415-436
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bdb997798b62456c85eac0268ac64812
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bdb997798b62456c85eac0268ac648122021-12-02T16:12:46ZHeterotrimeric G Proteins0250-46851303-829Xhttps://doaj.org/article/bdb997798b62456c85eac0268ac648122007-05-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.turkjbiochem.com/2007/039.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/0250-4685https://doaj.org/toc/1303-829XHeterotrimeric G proteins, commonly known as G proteins are members of thelarge GTPase superfamily that are conserved from bacteria to mammals. G proteinsplay an essential role in cellular signaling by coupling many cell surface receptorsto effectors on the plasma membrane. G proteins are composed of an α-subunit thatbinds and hydrolyzes GTP and a βγ-subunit complex. To date over 20 different αsubunits, 5 β subunits and 14 γ subtypes have been defined. Classification of Gprotein heterotrimers are based on the primary sequences of their α-subunits, resultingin four main families. In its inactive state, each G protein is a heterotimer inwhich the GDP bound α chain is tightly associated with the βγ subunits. Receptoractivation promotes the replacement of GDP by GTP and the consequent dissociationof α from βγ. Both αGTP and the βγ complex interact with and regulate specificeffectors. Activation is then terminated by the intrinsic GTPase activity of the αchain, which returns the protein to its inactive state. G proteins are regulated byposttranslational modifications including phosphorylation, myristoylation, palmitoylation,and prenylation of Gα- and Gβγ- subunits. G protein α- and βγ- subunitsregulate the activities of diverse effectors. G proteins mediate a wide variety ofcellular responses, including sensory perception, neuronal activity and hormonalregulation. Recent reports indicate that GPCRs and G proteins are also involved inthe regulation of cell growth, differentiation and cellular transformationBahire Küçükkaya,Beki KanDe GruyterarticleHeterotrimeric G proteinsG proteinscellular signalingBiochemistryQD415-436ENTürk Biyokimya Dergisi, Vol 32, Iss 1, Pp 39-50 (2007)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Heterotrimeric G proteins G proteins cellular signaling Biochemistry QD415-436
spellingShingle	Heterotrimeric G proteins G proteins cellular signaling Biochemistry QD415-436 Bahire Küçükkaya, Beki Kan Heterotrimeric G Proteins
description	Heterotrimeric G proteins, commonly known as G proteins are members of thelarge GTPase superfamily that are conserved from bacteria to mammals. G proteinsplay an essential role in cellular signaling by coupling many cell surface receptorsto effectors on the plasma membrane. G proteins are composed of an α-subunit thatbinds and hydrolyzes GTP and a βγ-subunit complex. To date over 20 different αsubunits, 5 β subunits and 14 γ subtypes have been defined. Classification of Gprotein heterotrimers are based on the primary sequences of their α-subunits, resultingin four main families. In its inactive state, each G protein is a heterotimer inwhich the GDP bound α chain is tightly associated with the βγ subunits. Receptoractivation promotes the replacement of GDP by GTP and the consequent dissociationof α from βγ. Both αGTP and the βγ complex interact with and regulate specificeffectors. Activation is then terminated by the intrinsic GTPase activity of the αchain, which returns the protein to its inactive state. G proteins are regulated byposttranslational modifications including phosphorylation, myristoylation, palmitoylation,and prenylation of Gα- and Gβγ- subunits. G protein α- and βγ- subunitsregulate the activities of diverse effectors. G proteins mediate a wide variety ofcellular responses, including sensory perception, neuronal activity and hormonalregulation. Recent reports indicate that GPCRs and G proteins are also involved inthe regulation of cell growth, differentiation and cellular transformation
format	article
author	Bahire Küçükkaya, Beki Kan
author_facet	Bahire Küçükkaya, Beki Kan
author_sort	Bahire Küçükkaya,
title	Heterotrimeric G Proteins
title_short	Heterotrimeric G Proteins
title_full	Heterotrimeric G Proteins
title_fullStr	Heterotrimeric G Proteins
title_full_unstemmed	Heterotrimeric G Proteins
title_sort	heterotrimeric g proteins
publisher	De Gruyter
publishDate	2007
url	https://doaj.org/article/bdb997798b62456c85eac0268ac64812
work_keys_str_mv	AT bahirekucukkaya heterotrimericgproteins AT bekikan heterotrimericgproteins
_version_	1718384372728463360

Heterotrimeric G Proteins

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