Guard cell chloroplasts are essential for blue light-dependent stomatal opening in Arabidopsis.

Blue light (BL) induces stomatal opening through the activation of H+-ATPases with subsequent ion accumulation in guard cells. In most plant species, red light (RL) enhances BL-dependent stomatal opening. This RL effect is attributable to the chloroplasts of guard cell, the only cells in the epiderm...

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Autores principales:	Noriyuki Suetsugu, Tsuneaki Takami, Yuuta Ebisu, Harutaka Watanabe, Chihoko Iiboshi, Michio Doi, Ken-ichiro Shimazaki
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bdc8f2737a0e49d3bc4866f9e94a8e81
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bdc8f2737a0e49d3bc4866f9e94a8e812021-11-25T05:59:31ZGuard cell chloroplasts are essential for blue light-dependent stomatal opening in Arabidopsis.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0108374https://doaj.org/article/bdc8f2737a0e49d3bc4866f9e94a8e812014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108374https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Blue light (BL) induces stomatal opening through the activation of H+-ATPases with subsequent ion accumulation in guard cells. In most plant species, red light (RL) enhances BL-dependent stomatal opening. This RL effect is attributable to the chloroplasts of guard cell, the only cells in the epidermis possessing this organelle. To clarify the role of chloroplasts in stomatal regulation, we investigated the effects of RL on BL-dependent stomatal opening in isolated epidermis, guard cell protoplasts, and intact leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana. In isolated epidermal tissues and intact leaves, weak BL superimposed on RL enhanced stomatal opening while BL alone was less effective. In guard cell protoplasts, RL enhanced BL-dependent H+-pumping and DCMU, a photosynthetic electron transport inhibitor, eliminated this effect. RL enhanced phosphorylation levels of the H+-ATPase in response to BL, but this RL effect was not suppressed by DCMU. Furthermore, DCMU inhibited both RL-induced and BL-dependent stomatal opening in intact leaves. The photosynthetic rate in leaves correlated positively with BL-dependent stomatal opening in the presence of DCMU. We conclude that guard cell chloroplasts provide ATP and/or reducing equivalents that fuel BL-dependent stomatal opening, and that they indirectly monitor photosynthetic CO2 fixation in mesophyll chloroplasts by absorbing PAR in the epidermis.Noriyuki SuetsuguTsuneaki TakamiYuuta EbisuHarutaka WatanabeChihoko IiboshiMichio DoiKen-ichiro ShimazakiPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 9, p e108374 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Noriyuki Suetsugu Tsuneaki Takami Yuuta Ebisu Harutaka Watanabe Chihoko Iiboshi Michio Doi Ken-ichiro Shimazaki Guard cell chloroplasts are essential for blue light-dependent stomatal opening in Arabidopsis.
description	Blue light (BL) induces stomatal opening through the activation of H+-ATPases with subsequent ion accumulation in guard cells. In most plant species, red light (RL) enhances BL-dependent stomatal opening. This RL effect is attributable to the chloroplasts of guard cell, the only cells in the epidermis possessing this organelle. To clarify the role of chloroplasts in stomatal regulation, we investigated the effects of RL on BL-dependent stomatal opening in isolated epidermis, guard cell protoplasts, and intact leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana. In isolated epidermal tissues and intact leaves, weak BL superimposed on RL enhanced stomatal opening while BL alone was less effective. In guard cell protoplasts, RL enhanced BL-dependent H+-pumping and DCMU, a photosynthetic electron transport inhibitor, eliminated this effect. RL enhanced phosphorylation levels of the H+-ATPase in response to BL, but this RL effect was not suppressed by DCMU. Furthermore, DCMU inhibited both RL-induced and BL-dependent stomatal opening in intact leaves. The photosynthetic rate in leaves correlated positively with BL-dependent stomatal opening in the presence of DCMU. We conclude that guard cell chloroplasts provide ATP and/or reducing equivalents that fuel BL-dependent stomatal opening, and that they indirectly monitor photosynthetic CO2 fixation in mesophyll chloroplasts by absorbing PAR in the epidermis.
format	article
author	Noriyuki Suetsugu Tsuneaki Takami Yuuta Ebisu Harutaka Watanabe Chihoko Iiboshi Michio Doi Ken-ichiro Shimazaki
author_facet	Noriyuki Suetsugu Tsuneaki Takami Yuuta Ebisu Harutaka Watanabe Chihoko Iiboshi Michio Doi Ken-ichiro Shimazaki
author_sort	Noriyuki Suetsugu
title	Guard cell chloroplasts are essential for blue light-dependent stomatal opening in Arabidopsis.
title_short	Guard cell chloroplasts are essential for blue light-dependent stomatal opening in Arabidopsis.
title_full	Guard cell chloroplasts are essential for blue light-dependent stomatal opening in Arabidopsis.
title_fullStr	Guard cell chloroplasts are essential for blue light-dependent stomatal opening in Arabidopsis.
title_full_unstemmed	Guard cell chloroplasts are essential for blue light-dependent stomatal opening in Arabidopsis.
title_sort	guard cell chloroplasts are essential for blue light-dependent stomatal opening in arabidopsis.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/bdc8f2737a0e49d3bc4866f9e94a8e81
work_keys_str_mv	AT noriyukisuetsugu guardcellchloroplastsareessentialforbluelightdependentstomatalopeninginarabidopsis AT tsuneakitakami guardcellchloroplastsareessentialforbluelightdependentstomatalopeninginarabidopsis AT yuutaebisu guardcellchloroplastsareessentialforbluelightdependentstomatalopeninginarabidopsis AT harutakawatanabe guardcellchloroplastsareessentialforbluelightdependentstomatalopeninginarabidopsis AT chihokoiiboshi guardcellchloroplastsareessentialforbluelightdependentstomatalopeninginarabidopsis AT michiodoi guardcellchloroplastsareessentialforbluelightdependentstomatalopeninginarabidopsis AT kenichiroshimazaki guardcellchloroplastsareessentialforbluelightdependentstomatalopeninginarabidopsis
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Guard cell chloroplasts are essential for blue light-dependent stomatal opening in Arabidopsis.

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