Description of Intra-Annual Changes in Cambial Activity and Differentiation of Secondary Conductive Tissues of Aesculus hippocastanum Trees Affected by the Leaf Miner Cameraria ohridella

Aesculus hippocastanum trees are commonly infested by the leaf miner Cameraria ohridella, whose larval activity causes the destruction of the leaf parenchyma and induces defoliation. Pest attacks result in, e.g., production of smaller fruits and tree re-flowerin...

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Autores principales:	Elżbieta Myśkow, Katarzyna Sokołowska, Aleksandra Słupianek, Vladimir Gryc
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	Gracillariidae horse chestnut infestation effects leaf miner phenology secondary phloem Plant ecology QK900-989
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bdcddf20e0984c9985bc120af2b1fc15
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bdcddf20e0984c9985bc120af2b1fc152021-11-25T17:38:24ZDescription of Intra-Annual Changes in Cambial Activity and Differentiation of Secondary Conductive Tissues of <i>Aesculus hippocastanum</i> Trees Affected by the Leaf Miner <i>Cameraria ohridella</i>10.3390/f121115371999-4907https://doaj.org/article/bdcddf20e0984c9985bc120af2b1fc152021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/11/1537https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4907<i>Aesculus hippocastanum</i> trees are commonly infested by the leaf miner <i>Cameraria ohridella</i>, whose larval activity causes the destruction of the leaf parenchyma and induces defoliation. Pest attacks result in, e.g., production of smaller fruits and tree re-flowering in autumn. Concerning pest influence on stem structure only scarce information of narrower annual growth rings of wood has been published. Therefore, we determined the effect of the presence of the leaf miner infestation on intra-annual cambial activity and on differentiation of conductive tissues. These data were compared with phenological phases and pest activity. Pest feeding resulted in changes in onset, cessation and duration of cambial divisions, and differentiation of secondary xylem. The duration of cambial activity was about a month shorter in heavily infested trees and was connected with premature tree defoliation. Affected trees were characterised by a reduction in cambial divisions and earlier cessation of wood differentiation resulting in narrower wood rings. Furthermore, the infested trees exhibited altered wood structure, with more vessels of smaller diameters, however these changes did not affect its theoretical hydraulic conductivity. Interestingly, pest attack did not influence secondary phloem differentiation. The probable influence of long-term infestation on tree growth and condition was discussed.Elżbieta MyśkowKatarzyna SokołowskaAleksandra SłupianekVladimir GrycMDPI AGarticleGracillariidaehorse chestnutinfestation effectsleaf minerphenologysecondary phloemPlant ecologyQK900-989ENForests, Vol 12, Iss 1537, p 1537 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Gracillariidae horse chestnut infestation effects leaf miner phenology secondary phloem Plant ecology QK900-989
spellingShingle	Gracillariidae horse chestnut infestation effects leaf miner phenology secondary phloem Plant ecology QK900-989 Elżbieta Myśkow Katarzyna Sokołowska Aleksandra Słupianek Vladimir Gryc Description of Intra-Annual Changes in Cambial Activity and Differentiation of Secondary Conductive Tissues of <i>Aesculus hippocastanum</i> Trees Affected by the Leaf Miner <i>Cameraria ohridella</i>
description	<i>Aesculus hippocastanum</i> trees are commonly infested by the leaf miner <i>Cameraria ohridella</i>, whose larval activity causes the destruction of the leaf parenchyma and induces defoliation. Pest attacks result in, e.g., production of smaller fruits and tree re-flowering in autumn. Concerning pest influence on stem structure only scarce information of narrower annual growth rings of wood has been published. Therefore, we determined the effect of the presence of the leaf miner infestation on intra-annual cambial activity and on differentiation of conductive tissues. These data were compared with phenological phases and pest activity. Pest feeding resulted in changes in onset, cessation and duration of cambial divisions, and differentiation of secondary xylem. The duration of cambial activity was about a month shorter in heavily infested trees and was connected with premature tree defoliation. Affected trees were characterised by a reduction in cambial divisions and earlier cessation of wood differentiation resulting in narrower wood rings. Furthermore, the infested trees exhibited altered wood structure, with more vessels of smaller diameters, however these changes did not affect its theoretical hydraulic conductivity. Interestingly, pest attack did not influence secondary phloem differentiation. The probable influence of long-term infestation on tree growth and condition was discussed.
format	article
author	Elżbieta Myśkow Katarzyna Sokołowska Aleksandra Słupianek Vladimir Gryc
author_facet	Elżbieta Myśkow Katarzyna Sokołowska Aleksandra Słupianek Vladimir Gryc
author_sort	Elżbieta Myśkow
title	Description of Intra-Annual Changes in Cambial Activity and Differentiation of Secondary Conductive Tissues of <i>Aesculus hippocastanum</i> Trees Affected by the Leaf Miner <i>Cameraria ohridella</i>
title_short	Description of Intra-Annual Changes in Cambial Activity and Differentiation of Secondary Conductive Tissues of <i>Aesculus hippocastanum</i> Trees Affected by the Leaf Miner <i>Cameraria ohridella</i>
title_full	Description of Intra-Annual Changes in Cambial Activity and Differentiation of Secondary Conductive Tissues of <i>Aesculus hippocastanum</i> Trees Affected by the Leaf Miner <i>Cameraria ohridella</i>
title_fullStr	Description of Intra-Annual Changes in Cambial Activity and Differentiation of Secondary Conductive Tissues of <i>Aesculus hippocastanum</i> Trees Affected by the Leaf Miner <i>Cameraria ohridella</i>
title_full_unstemmed	Description of Intra-Annual Changes in Cambial Activity and Differentiation of Secondary Conductive Tissues of <i>Aesculus hippocastanum</i> Trees Affected by the Leaf Miner <i>Cameraria ohridella</i>
title_sort	description of intra-annual changes in cambial activity and differentiation of secondary conductive tissues of <i>aesculus hippocastanum</i> trees affected by the leaf miner <i>cameraria ohridella</i>
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/bdcddf20e0984c9985bc120af2b1fc15
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Description of Intra-Annual Changes in Cambial Activity and Differentiation of Secondary Conductive Tissues of <i>Aesculus hippocastanum</i> Trees Affected by the Leaf Miner <i>Cameraria ohridella</i>

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