The rpl23 gene and pseudogene are hotspots of illegitimate recombination in barley chloroplast mutator seedlings

Abstract Previously, through a TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes) approach applied on barley chloroplast mutator (cpm) seedlings a high frequency of polymorphisms in the rpl23 gene was detected. All the polymorphisms corresponded to five differences already known to exist in nature...

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Autores principales:	F. Lencina, A. M. Landau, M. E. Petterson, M. G. Pacheco, K. Kobayashi, A. R. Prina
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2019
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bdd604c6071a43828c66822ecac9c1ec
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bdd604c6071a43828c66822ecac9c1ec2021-12-02T15:08:30ZThe rpl23 gene and pseudogene are hotspots of illegitimate recombination in barley chloroplast mutator seedlings10.1038/s41598-019-46321-62045-2322https://doaj.org/article/bdd604c6071a43828c66822ecac9c1ec2019-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-46321-6https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Previously, through a TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes) approach applied on barley chloroplast mutator (cpm) seedlings a high frequency of polymorphisms in the rpl23 gene was detected. All the polymorphisms corresponded to five differences already known to exist in nature between the rpl23 gene located in the inverted repeats (IRs) and the rpl23 pseudogene located in the large single copy region (LSC). In this investigation, polymorphisms in the rpl23 gene were verified and besides, a similar situation was found for the pseudogene in cpm seedlings. On the other hand, no polymorphisms were found in any of those loci in 40 wild type barley seedlings. Those facts and the independent occurrence of polymorphisms in the gene and pseudogene in individual seedlings suggest that the detected polymorphisms initially arose from gene conversion between gene and pseudogene. Moreover, an additional recombination process involving small recombinant segments seems to occur between the two gene copies as a consequence of their location in the IRs. These and previous results support the hypothesis that the CPM protein is a component of the plastome mismatch repair (MMR) system, whose failure of the anti-recombination activity results in increased illegitimate recombination between the rpl23 gene and pseudogene.F. LencinaA. M. LandauM. E. PettersonM. G. PachecoK. KobayashiA. R. PrinaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q F. Lencina A. M. Landau M. E. Petterson M. G. Pacheco K. Kobayashi A. R. Prina The rpl23 gene and pseudogene are hotspots of illegitimate recombination in barley chloroplast mutator seedlings
description	Abstract Previously, through a TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes) approach applied on barley chloroplast mutator (cpm) seedlings a high frequency of polymorphisms in the rpl23 gene was detected. All the polymorphisms corresponded to five differences already known to exist in nature between the rpl23 gene located in the inverted repeats (IRs) and the rpl23 pseudogene located in the large single copy region (LSC). In this investigation, polymorphisms in the rpl23 gene were verified and besides, a similar situation was found for the pseudogene in cpm seedlings. On the other hand, no polymorphisms were found in any of those loci in 40 wild type barley seedlings. Those facts and the independent occurrence of polymorphisms in the gene and pseudogene in individual seedlings suggest that the detected polymorphisms initially arose from gene conversion between gene and pseudogene. Moreover, an additional recombination process involving small recombinant segments seems to occur between the two gene copies as a consequence of their location in the IRs. These and previous results support the hypothesis that the CPM protein is a component of the plastome mismatch repair (MMR) system, whose failure of the anti-recombination activity results in increased illegitimate recombination between the rpl23 gene and pseudogene.
format	article
author	F. Lencina A. M. Landau M. E. Petterson M. G. Pacheco K. Kobayashi A. R. Prina
author_facet	F. Lencina A. M. Landau M. E. Petterson M. G. Pacheco K. Kobayashi A. R. Prina
author_sort	F. Lencina
title	The rpl23 gene and pseudogene are hotspots of illegitimate recombination in barley chloroplast mutator seedlings
title_short	The rpl23 gene and pseudogene are hotspots of illegitimate recombination in barley chloroplast mutator seedlings
title_full	The rpl23 gene and pseudogene are hotspots of illegitimate recombination in barley chloroplast mutator seedlings
title_fullStr	The rpl23 gene and pseudogene are hotspots of illegitimate recombination in barley chloroplast mutator seedlings
title_full_unstemmed	The rpl23 gene and pseudogene are hotspots of illegitimate recombination in barley chloroplast mutator seedlings
title_sort	rpl23 gene and pseudogene are hotspots of illegitimate recombination in barley chloroplast mutator seedlings
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/bdd604c6071a43828c66822ecac9c1ec
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The rpl23 gene and pseudogene are hotspots of illegitimate recombination in barley chloroplast mutator seedlings

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