Transcriptional changes and preservation of bone mass in hibernating black bears

Abstract Physical inactivity leads to losses of bone mass and strength in most mammalian species. In contrast, hibernating bears show no bone loss over the prolonged periods (4–6 months) of immobility during winter, which suggests that they have adaptive mechanisms to preserve bone mass. To identify...

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Autores principales:	Anna V. Goropashnaya, Øivind Tøien, Thiruvarangan Ramaraj, Anitha Sundararajan, Faye D. Schilkey, Brian M. Barnes, Seth W. Donahue, Vadim B. Fedorov
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bdf5a25c76b3426f9b36eca9db43066e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bdf5a25c76b3426f9b36eca9db43066e2021-12-02T14:27:53ZTranscriptional changes and preservation of bone mass in hibernating black bears10.1038/s41598-021-87785-92045-2322https://doaj.org/article/bdf5a25c76b3426f9b36eca9db43066e2021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87785-9https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Physical inactivity leads to losses of bone mass and strength in most mammalian species. In contrast, hibernating bears show no bone loss over the prolonged periods (4–6 months) of immobility during winter, which suggests that they have adaptive mechanisms to preserve bone mass. To identify transcriptional changes that underlie molecular mechanisms preventing disuse osteoporosis, we conducted a large-scale gene expression screening in the trabecular bone and bone marrow, comparing hibernating and summer active bears through sequencing of the transcriptome. Gene set enrichment analysis showed a coordinated down-regulation of genes involved in bone resorption, osteoclast differentiation and signaling, and apoptosis during hibernation. These findings are consistent with previous histological findings and likely contribute to the preservation of bone during the immobility of hibernation. In contrast, no significant enrichment indicating directional changes in gene expression was detected in the gene sets of bone formation and osteoblast signaling in hibernating bears. Additionally, we revealed significant and coordinated transcriptional induction of gene sets involved in aerobic energy production including fatty acid beta oxidation, tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and mitochondrial metabolism. Mitochondrial oxidation was likely up-regulated by transcriptionally induced AMPK/PGC1α pathway, an upstream stimulator of mitochondrial function.Anna V. GoropashnayaØivind TøienThiruvarangan RamarajAnitha SundararajanFaye D. SchilkeyBrian M. BarnesSeth W. DonahueVadim B. FedorovNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Anna V. Goropashnaya Øivind Tøien Thiruvarangan Ramaraj Anitha Sundararajan Faye D. Schilkey Brian M. Barnes Seth W. Donahue Vadim B. Fedorov Transcriptional changes and preservation of bone mass in hibernating black bears
description	Abstract Physical inactivity leads to losses of bone mass and strength in most mammalian species. In contrast, hibernating bears show no bone loss over the prolonged periods (4–6 months) of immobility during winter, which suggests that they have adaptive mechanisms to preserve bone mass. To identify transcriptional changes that underlie molecular mechanisms preventing disuse osteoporosis, we conducted a large-scale gene expression screening in the trabecular bone and bone marrow, comparing hibernating and summer active bears through sequencing of the transcriptome. Gene set enrichment analysis showed a coordinated down-regulation of genes involved in bone resorption, osteoclast differentiation and signaling, and apoptosis during hibernation. These findings are consistent with previous histological findings and likely contribute to the preservation of bone during the immobility of hibernation. In contrast, no significant enrichment indicating directional changes in gene expression was detected in the gene sets of bone formation and osteoblast signaling in hibernating bears. Additionally, we revealed significant and coordinated transcriptional induction of gene sets involved in aerobic energy production including fatty acid beta oxidation, tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and mitochondrial metabolism. Mitochondrial oxidation was likely up-regulated by transcriptionally induced AMPK/PGC1α pathway, an upstream stimulator of mitochondrial function.
format	article
author	Anna V. Goropashnaya Øivind Tøien Thiruvarangan Ramaraj Anitha Sundararajan Faye D. Schilkey Brian M. Barnes Seth W. Donahue Vadim B. Fedorov
author_facet	Anna V. Goropashnaya Øivind Tøien Thiruvarangan Ramaraj Anitha Sundararajan Faye D. Schilkey Brian M. Barnes Seth W. Donahue Vadim B. Fedorov
author_sort	Anna V. Goropashnaya
title	Transcriptional changes and preservation of bone mass in hibernating black bears
title_short	Transcriptional changes and preservation of bone mass in hibernating black bears
title_full	Transcriptional changes and preservation of bone mass in hibernating black bears
title_fullStr	Transcriptional changes and preservation of bone mass in hibernating black bears
title_full_unstemmed	Transcriptional changes and preservation of bone mass in hibernating black bears
title_sort	transcriptional changes and preservation of bone mass in hibernating black bears
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/bdf5a25c76b3426f9b36eca9db43066e
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Transcriptional changes and preservation of bone mass in hibernating black bears

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