Assessment of Anthropometric Indices for Optimal Cut-Offs for Obesity Screening in a South African Adolescent Population

The assessment of obesity in sub-Saharan Africa relies on cut-offs established from western populations. This study assessed anthropometric indices to determine optimal cut-off values for obesity screening in the South African adolescent population. A cross-sectional study involving 1144 (796 female...

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Autores principales:	Godwill Azeh Engwa, Karin Schmid-Zalaudek, Chungag Anye, Boitumelo P. Letswalo, Paul Chungag Anye, Muhau Muhulo Mungamba, Constance Rufaro Sewani-Rusike, Nandu Goswami, Benedicta Ngwenchi Nkeh-Chungag
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	obesity anthropometric measures cut-off values South Africans of African ancestry Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/be22730f693440ebb093cfc3b5a38fb6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:be22730f693440ebb093cfc3b5a38fb62021-11-25T16:47:10ZAssessment of Anthropometric Indices for Optimal Cut-Offs for Obesity Screening in a South African Adolescent Population10.3390/biology101111182079-7737https://doaj.org/article/be22730f693440ebb093cfc3b5a38fb62021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/11/1118https://doaj.org/toc/2079-7737The assessment of obesity in sub-Saharan Africa relies on cut-offs established from western populations. This study assessed anthropometric indices to determine optimal cut-off values for obesity screening in the South African adolescent population. A cross-sectional study involving 1144 (796 females and 348 males) adolescents aged 11–17 years from the Eastern Cape Province of South African was conducted. Anthropometric parameters were measured. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to assess the sensitivity and specificity of obesity screening tools and establish cut-offs. The optimal cut-offs for obesity in the cohort using waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) as reference were: neck circumference (NC) = 30.6 cm, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) = 25.9 cm, waist circumference (WC) = 75.1 cm, hip circumference (HC) = 92.15 cm and body mass index percentile (pBMI) = p85.2th. The new pBMI cut-off value at p85.2th improved the sensitivity of the test by approximately 30% compared to the CDC recommended BMI percentile (pBMIr) of p95.0th. When pBMI was used as reference, the optimal cut-offs in the cohort were: WHtR = 0.481, NC = 30.95 cm, MUAC = 27.95 cm, WC = 76.1 cm and HC = 95.75 cm. The WHtR optimal cut-off of 0.481 was close to the recommended cut-off value of 0.5. The predicted prevalence of obesity obtained using cut-offs from ROC analysis was higher than those from recommended references. All cut-off values for the various anthropometric measures generally increased with age for all percentile ranges. This study reveals a lower pBMI cut-off value, different from the CDC recommended cut-off, for screening obesity in a South African adolescent population. The study has established that the optimal pBMI cut-off for obesity screening may be ethnic-specific.Godwill Azeh EngwaKarin Schmid-ZalaudekChungag AnyeBoitumelo P. LetswaloPaul Chungag AnyeMuhau Muhulo MungambaConstance Rufaro Sewani-RusikeNandu GoswamiBenedicta Ngwenchi Nkeh-ChungagMDPI AGarticleobesityanthropometric measurescut-off valuesSouth Africans of African ancestryBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENBiology, Vol 10, Iss 1118, p 1118 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	obesity anthropometric measures cut-off values South Africans of African ancestry Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	obesity anthropometric measures cut-off values South Africans of African ancestry Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Godwill Azeh Engwa Karin Schmid-Zalaudek Chungag Anye Boitumelo P. Letswalo Paul Chungag Anye Muhau Muhulo Mungamba Constance Rufaro Sewani-Rusike Nandu Goswami Benedicta Ngwenchi Nkeh-Chungag Assessment of Anthropometric Indices for Optimal Cut-Offs for Obesity Screening in a South African Adolescent Population
description	The assessment of obesity in sub-Saharan Africa relies on cut-offs established from western populations. This study assessed anthropometric indices to determine optimal cut-off values for obesity screening in the South African adolescent population. A cross-sectional study involving 1144 (796 females and 348 males) adolescents aged 11–17 years from the Eastern Cape Province of South African was conducted. Anthropometric parameters were measured. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to assess the sensitivity and specificity of obesity screening tools and establish cut-offs. The optimal cut-offs for obesity in the cohort using waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) as reference were: neck circumference (NC) = 30.6 cm, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) = 25.9 cm, waist circumference (WC) = 75.1 cm, hip circumference (HC) = 92.15 cm and body mass index percentile (pBMI) = p85.2th. The new pBMI cut-off value at p85.2th improved the sensitivity of the test by approximately 30% compared to the CDC recommended BMI percentile (pBMIr) of p95.0th. When pBMI was used as reference, the optimal cut-offs in the cohort were: WHtR = 0.481, NC = 30.95 cm, MUAC = 27.95 cm, WC = 76.1 cm and HC = 95.75 cm. The WHtR optimal cut-off of 0.481 was close to the recommended cut-off value of 0.5. The predicted prevalence of obesity obtained using cut-offs from ROC analysis was higher than those from recommended references. All cut-off values for the various anthropometric measures generally increased with age for all percentile ranges. This study reveals a lower pBMI cut-off value, different from the CDC recommended cut-off, for screening obesity in a South African adolescent population. The study has established that the optimal pBMI cut-off for obesity screening may be ethnic-specific.
format	article
author	Godwill Azeh Engwa Karin Schmid-Zalaudek Chungag Anye Boitumelo P. Letswalo Paul Chungag Anye Muhau Muhulo Mungamba Constance Rufaro Sewani-Rusike Nandu Goswami Benedicta Ngwenchi Nkeh-Chungag
author_facet	Godwill Azeh Engwa Karin Schmid-Zalaudek Chungag Anye Boitumelo P. Letswalo Paul Chungag Anye Muhau Muhulo Mungamba Constance Rufaro Sewani-Rusike Nandu Goswami Benedicta Ngwenchi Nkeh-Chungag
author_sort	Godwill Azeh Engwa
title	Assessment of Anthropometric Indices for Optimal Cut-Offs for Obesity Screening in a South African Adolescent Population
title_short	Assessment of Anthropometric Indices for Optimal Cut-Offs for Obesity Screening in a South African Adolescent Population
title_full	Assessment of Anthropometric Indices for Optimal Cut-Offs for Obesity Screening in a South African Adolescent Population
title_fullStr	Assessment of Anthropometric Indices for Optimal Cut-Offs for Obesity Screening in a South African Adolescent Population
title_full_unstemmed	Assessment of Anthropometric Indices for Optimal Cut-Offs for Obesity Screening in a South African Adolescent Population
title_sort	assessment of anthropometric indices for optimal cut-offs for obesity screening in a south african adolescent population
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/be22730f693440ebb093cfc3b5a38fb6
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Assessment of Anthropometric Indices for Optimal Cut-Offs for Obesity Screening in a South African Adolescent Population

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