DHA serum levels were significantly higher in celiac disease patients compared to healthy controls and were unrelated to depression.

<h4>Objectives</h4>Celiac disease (CD), a genetically predisposed intolerance for gluten, is associated with an increased risk of major depressive disorder (MDD). We investigated whether dietary intake and serum levels of the essential n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) eicosapentaen...

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Autores principales:	Nathalie J M van Hees, Erik J Giltay, Johanna M Geleijnse, Nadine Janssen, Willem van der Does
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/be3c4f1ca6c24d3cbf52dd30b0ce4174
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:be3c4f1ca6c24d3cbf52dd30b0ce41742021-11-18T08:18:46ZDHA serum levels were significantly higher in celiac disease patients compared to healthy controls and were unrelated to depression.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0097778https://doaj.org/article/be3c4f1ca6c24d3cbf52dd30b0ce41742014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24841484/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Objectives</h4>Celiac disease (CD), a genetically predisposed intolerance for gluten, is associated with an increased risk of major depressive disorder (MDD). We investigated whether dietary intake and serum levels of the essential n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexanoic acid (DHA) found in fatty fish play a role in this association.<h4>Methods</h4>Cross-sectional study in 71 adult CD patients and 31 healthy volunteers, matched on age, gender and level of education, who were not using n-3 PUFA supplements. Dietary intake, as assessed using a 203-item food frequency questionnaire, and serum levels of EPA and DHA were compared in analyses of covariance, adjusting for potential confounders. Serum PUFA were determined using gas chromatography.<h4>Results</h4>Mean serum DHA was significantly higher in CD patients (1.72 mass%) than controls (1.28 mass%) after multivariable adjustment (mean diff. 0.45 mass%; 95% CI: 0.22-0.68; p = 0.001). The mean intake of EPA plus DHA did not differ between CD patients and controls after multivariable adjustment (0.15 and 0.22 g/d, respectively; p = 0.10). There were no significant differences in intake or serum levels of EPA and DHA between any of the CD patient groups (never depressed, current MDD, minor/partially remitted MDD, remitted MDD) and controls.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Patients on a long term gluten-free diet had similar intakes of EPA plus DHA compared to controls. Contrary to expectations, DHA serum levels were significantly higher in CD patients compared to healthy controls and were unrelated to MDD status.Nathalie J M van HeesErik J GiltayJohanna M GeleijnseNadine JanssenWillem van der DoesPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 5, p e97778 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Nathalie J M van Hees Erik J Giltay Johanna M Geleijnse Nadine Janssen Willem van der Does DHA serum levels were significantly higher in celiac disease patients compared to healthy controls and were unrelated to depression.
description	<h4>Objectives</h4>Celiac disease (CD), a genetically predisposed intolerance for gluten, is associated with an increased risk of major depressive disorder (MDD). We investigated whether dietary intake and serum levels of the essential n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexanoic acid (DHA) found in fatty fish play a role in this association.<h4>Methods</h4>Cross-sectional study in 71 adult CD patients and 31 healthy volunteers, matched on age, gender and level of education, who were not using n-3 PUFA supplements. Dietary intake, as assessed using a 203-item food frequency questionnaire, and serum levels of EPA and DHA were compared in analyses of covariance, adjusting for potential confounders. Serum PUFA were determined using gas chromatography.<h4>Results</h4>Mean serum DHA was significantly higher in CD patients (1.72 mass%) than controls (1.28 mass%) after multivariable adjustment (mean diff. 0.45 mass%; 95% CI: 0.22-0.68; p = 0.001). The mean intake of EPA plus DHA did not differ between CD patients and controls after multivariable adjustment (0.15 and 0.22 g/d, respectively; p = 0.10). There were no significant differences in intake or serum levels of EPA and DHA between any of the CD patient groups (never depressed, current MDD, minor/partially remitted MDD, remitted MDD) and controls.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Patients on a long term gluten-free diet had similar intakes of EPA plus DHA compared to controls. Contrary to expectations, DHA serum levels were significantly higher in CD patients compared to healthy controls and were unrelated to MDD status.
format	article
author	Nathalie J M van Hees Erik J Giltay Johanna M Geleijnse Nadine Janssen Willem van der Does
author_facet	Nathalie J M van Hees Erik J Giltay Johanna M Geleijnse Nadine Janssen Willem van der Does
author_sort	Nathalie J M van Hees
title	DHA serum levels were significantly higher in celiac disease patients compared to healthy controls and were unrelated to depression.
title_short	DHA serum levels were significantly higher in celiac disease patients compared to healthy controls and were unrelated to depression.
title_full	DHA serum levels were significantly higher in celiac disease patients compared to healthy controls and were unrelated to depression.
title_fullStr	DHA serum levels were significantly higher in celiac disease patients compared to healthy controls and were unrelated to depression.
title_full_unstemmed	DHA serum levels were significantly higher in celiac disease patients compared to healthy controls and were unrelated to depression.
title_sort	dha serum levels were significantly higher in celiac disease patients compared to healthy controls and were unrelated to depression.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/be3c4f1ca6c24d3cbf52dd30b0ce4174
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DHA serum levels were significantly higher in celiac disease patients compared to healthy controls and were unrelated to depression.

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