Palaeoproteomics confirm earliest domesticated sheep in southern Africa ca. 2000 BP

Abstract We used palaeoproteomics and peptide mass fingerprinting to obtain secure species identifications of key specimens of early domesticated fauna from South Africa, dating to ca. 2000 BP. It can be difficult to distinguish fragmentary remains of early domesticates (sheep) from similar-sized lo...

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Autores principales:	Ashley N. Coutu, Alberto J. Taurozzi, Meaghan Mackie, Theis Zetner Trolle Jensen, Matthew J. Collins, Judith Sealy
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/be485a4aea5b444697abdc9cea2bce15
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:be485a4aea5b444697abdc9cea2bce152021-12-02T17:04:05ZPalaeoproteomics confirm earliest domesticated sheep in southern Africa ca. 2000 BP10.1038/s41598-021-85756-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/be485a4aea5b444697abdc9cea2bce152021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85756-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract We used palaeoproteomics and peptide mass fingerprinting to obtain secure species identifications of key specimens of early domesticated fauna from South Africa, dating to ca. 2000 BP. It can be difficult to distinguish fragmentary remains of early domesticates (sheep) from similar-sized local wild bovids (grey duiker, grey rhebok, springbok—southern Africa lacks wild sheep) based on morphology alone. Our analysis revealed a Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry (ZooMS) marker (m/z 1532) present in wild bovids and we demonstrate through LC–MS/MS that it is capable of discriminating between wild bovids and caprine domesticates. We confirm that the Spoegrivier specimen dated to 2105 ± 65 BP is indeed a sheep. This is the earliest directly dated evidence of domesticated animals in southern Africa. As well as the traditional method of analysing bone fragments, we show the utility of minimally destructive sampling methods such as PVC eraser and polishing films for successful ZooMS identification. We also show that collagen extracted more than 25 years ago for the purpose of radiocarbon dating can yield successful ZooMS identification. Our study demonstrates the importance of developing appropriate regional frameworks of comparison for future research using ZooMS as a method of biomolecular species identification.Ashley N. CoutuAlberto J. TaurozziMeaghan MackieTheis Zetner Trolle JensenMatthew J. CollinsJudith SealyNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Ashley N. Coutu Alberto J. Taurozzi Meaghan Mackie Theis Zetner Trolle Jensen Matthew J. Collins Judith Sealy Palaeoproteomics confirm earliest domesticated sheep in southern Africa ca. 2000 BP
description	Abstract We used palaeoproteomics and peptide mass fingerprinting to obtain secure species identifications of key specimens of early domesticated fauna from South Africa, dating to ca. 2000 BP. It can be difficult to distinguish fragmentary remains of early domesticates (sheep) from similar-sized local wild bovids (grey duiker, grey rhebok, springbok—southern Africa lacks wild sheep) based on morphology alone. Our analysis revealed a Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry (ZooMS) marker (m/z 1532) present in wild bovids and we demonstrate through LC–MS/MS that it is capable of discriminating between wild bovids and caprine domesticates. We confirm that the Spoegrivier specimen dated to 2105 ± 65 BP is indeed a sheep. This is the earliest directly dated evidence of domesticated animals in southern Africa. As well as the traditional method of analysing bone fragments, we show the utility of minimally destructive sampling methods such as PVC eraser and polishing films for successful ZooMS identification. We also show that collagen extracted more than 25 years ago for the purpose of radiocarbon dating can yield successful ZooMS identification. Our study demonstrates the importance of developing appropriate regional frameworks of comparison for future research using ZooMS as a method of biomolecular species identification.
format	article
author	Ashley N. Coutu Alberto J. Taurozzi Meaghan Mackie Theis Zetner Trolle Jensen Matthew J. Collins Judith Sealy
author_facet	Ashley N. Coutu Alberto J. Taurozzi Meaghan Mackie Theis Zetner Trolle Jensen Matthew J. Collins Judith Sealy
author_sort	Ashley N. Coutu
title	Palaeoproteomics confirm earliest domesticated sheep in southern Africa ca. 2000 BP
title_short	Palaeoproteomics confirm earliest domesticated sheep in southern Africa ca. 2000 BP
title_full	Palaeoproteomics confirm earliest domesticated sheep in southern Africa ca. 2000 BP
title_fullStr	Palaeoproteomics confirm earliest domesticated sheep in southern Africa ca. 2000 BP
title_full_unstemmed	Palaeoproteomics confirm earliest domesticated sheep in southern Africa ca. 2000 BP
title_sort	palaeoproteomics confirm earliest domesticated sheep in southern africa ca. 2000 bp
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/be485a4aea5b444697abdc9cea2bce15
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Palaeoproteomics confirm earliest domesticated sheep in southern Africa ca. 2000 BP

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