Comparative Study of Crystallization, Mechanical Properties, and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Nanocomposites at Low Filler Loadings of Hydroxyapatite for Bone-Tissue Engineering Based on Poly(<span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-lactic acid)/Cyclo Olefin Copolymer

A poly(<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-lactic acid)/nanohydroxyapatite (PLLA/nHA) scaffold works as a bioactive, osteoconductive scaffold for bone-tissue engineering, but its low degradation rate limits embedded HA in PLLA to efficiently interact with body flui...

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Autores principales:	Farzana Nazir, Mudassir Iqbal
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	poly(<span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-lactic acid) cyclo olefin copolymer hydroxyapatite cytotoxicity mechanical properties bone-tissue engineering Organic chemistry QD241-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/be6da531278248a0af482a692e53c03a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:be6da531278248a0af482a692e53c03a2021-11-25T18:47:45ZComparative Study of Crystallization, Mechanical Properties, and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Nanocomposites at Low Filler Loadings of Hydroxyapatite for Bone-Tissue Engineering Based on Poly(<span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-lactic acid)/Cyclo Olefin Copolymer10.3390/polym132238652073-4360https://doaj.org/article/be6da531278248a0af482a692e53c03a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/22/3865https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4360A poly(<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-lactic acid)/nanohydroxyapatite (PLLA/nHA) scaffold works as a bioactive, osteoconductive scaffold for bone-tissue engineering, but its low degradation rate limits embedded HA in PLLA to efficiently interact with body fluids. In this work, nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) was added in lower filler loadings (1, 5, 10, and 20 wt%) in a poly(<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-lactic acid)/cyclo olefin copolymer10 wt% (PLLA/COC10) blend to obtain novel poly(<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-lactic acid)/cyclo olefin copolymer/nanohydroxyapatite (PLLA/COC10-nHA) scaffolds for bone-tissue regeneration and repair. Furthermore, the structure-activity relationship of PLLA/COC10-nHA (ternary system) nanocomposites in comparison with PLLA/nHA (binary system) nanocomposites was systematically studied. Nanocomposites were evaluated for structural (morphology, crystallization), thermomechanical properties, antibacterial potential, and cytocompatibility for bone-tissue engineering applications. Scanning electron microscope images revealed that PLLA/COC10-nHA had uniform morphology and dispersion of nanoparticles up to 10% of HA, and the overall nHA dispersion in matrix was better in PLLA/COC10-nHA as compared to PLLA/nHA. Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies confirmed miscibility and transformation of the α-crystal form of PLLA to the ά-crystal form by the addition of nHA in all nanocomposites. The degree of crystallinity (%) in the case of PLLA/COC10-nHA 10 wt% was 114% higher than pure PLLA/COC10 and 128% higher than pristine PLLA, indicating COC and nHA are acting as nucleating agents in the PLLA/COC10-nHA nanocomposites, causing an increase in the degree of crystallinity (%). Moreover, PLLA/COC10-nHA exhibited 140 to 240% (1–20 wt% HA) enhanced mechanical properties in terms of ductility as compared to PLLA/nHA. Antibacterial activity results showed that 10 wt% HA in PLLA/COC10-nHA showed substantial activity against <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, <i>S. aureus</i>, and <i>L. monocytogenes</i>. In vitro cytocompatibility of PLLA/COC10 and PLLA nanocomposites with nHA osteoprogenitor cells (MC3T3-E1) and bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) was evaluated. Both cell lines showed two- to three-fold enhancement in cell viability and 10- to 30-fold in proliferation upon culture on PLLA/COC10-nHA as compared to PLLA/nHA composites. It was observed that the ternary system PLLA/COC10-nHA had good dispersion and interfacial interaction resulting in improved thermomechanical and enhanced osteoconductive properties as compared to PLLA/nHA.Farzana NazirMudassir IqbalMDPI AGarticlepoly(<span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-lactic acid)cyclo olefin copolymerhydroxyapatitecytotoxicitymechanical propertiesbone-tissue engineeringOrganic chemistryQD241-441ENPolymers, Vol 13, Iss 3865, p 3865 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	poly(<span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-lactic acid) cyclo olefin copolymer hydroxyapatite cytotoxicity mechanical properties bone-tissue engineering Organic chemistry QD241-441
spellingShingle	poly(<span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-lactic acid) cyclo olefin copolymer hydroxyapatite cytotoxicity mechanical properties bone-tissue engineering Organic chemistry QD241-441 Farzana Nazir Mudassir Iqbal Comparative Study of Crystallization, Mechanical Properties, and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Nanocomposites at Low Filler Loadings of Hydroxyapatite for Bone-Tissue Engineering Based on Poly(<span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-lactic acid)/Cyclo Olefin Copolymer
description	A poly(<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-lactic acid)/nanohydroxyapatite (PLLA/nHA) scaffold works as a bioactive, osteoconductive scaffold for bone-tissue engineering, but its low degradation rate limits embedded HA in PLLA to efficiently interact with body fluids. In this work, nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) was added in lower filler loadings (1, 5, 10, and 20 wt%) in a poly(<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-lactic acid)/cyclo olefin copolymer10 wt% (PLLA/COC10) blend to obtain novel poly(<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-lactic acid)/cyclo olefin copolymer/nanohydroxyapatite (PLLA/COC10-nHA) scaffolds for bone-tissue regeneration and repair. Furthermore, the structure-activity relationship of PLLA/COC10-nHA (ternary system) nanocomposites in comparison with PLLA/nHA (binary system) nanocomposites was systematically studied. Nanocomposites were evaluated for structural (morphology, crystallization), thermomechanical properties, antibacterial potential, and cytocompatibility for bone-tissue engineering applications. Scanning electron microscope images revealed that PLLA/COC10-nHA had uniform morphology and dispersion of nanoparticles up to 10% of HA, and the overall nHA dispersion in matrix was better in PLLA/COC10-nHA as compared to PLLA/nHA. Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies confirmed miscibility and transformation of the α-crystal form of PLLA to the ά-crystal form by the addition of nHA in all nanocomposites. The degree of crystallinity (%) in the case of PLLA/COC10-nHA 10 wt% was 114% higher than pure PLLA/COC10 and 128% higher than pristine PLLA, indicating COC and nHA are acting as nucleating agents in the PLLA/COC10-nHA nanocomposites, causing an increase in the degree of crystallinity (%). Moreover, PLLA/COC10-nHA exhibited 140 to 240% (1–20 wt% HA) enhanced mechanical properties in terms of ductility as compared to PLLA/nHA. Antibacterial activity results showed that 10 wt% HA in PLLA/COC10-nHA showed substantial activity against <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, <i>S. aureus</i>, and <i>L. monocytogenes</i>. In vitro cytocompatibility of PLLA/COC10 and PLLA nanocomposites with nHA osteoprogenitor cells (MC3T3-E1) and bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) was evaluated. Both cell lines showed two- to three-fold enhancement in cell viability and 10- to 30-fold in proliferation upon culture on PLLA/COC10-nHA as compared to PLLA/nHA composites. It was observed that the ternary system PLLA/COC10-nHA had good dispersion and interfacial interaction resulting in improved thermomechanical and enhanced osteoconductive properties as compared to PLLA/nHA.
format	article
author	Farzana Nazir Mudassir Iqbal
author_facet	Farzana Nazir Mudassir Iqbal
author_sort	Farzana Nazir
title	Comparative Study of Crystallization, Mechanical Properties, and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Nanocomposites at Low Filler Loadings of Hydroxyapatite for Bone-Tissue Engineering Based on Poly(<span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-lactic acid)/Cyclo Olefin Copolymer
title_short	Comparative Study of Crystallization, Mechanical Properties, and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Nanocomposites at Low Filler Loadings of Hydroxyapatite for Bone-Tissue Engineering Based on Poly(<span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-lactic acid)/Cyclo Olefin Copolymer
title_full	Comparative Study of Crystallization, Mechanical Properties, and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Nanocomposites at Low Filler Loadings of Hydroxyapatite for Bone-Tissue Engineering Based on Poly(<span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-lactic acid)/Cyclo Olefin Copolymer
title_fullStr	Comparative Study of Crystallization, Mechanical Properties, and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Nanocomposites at Low Filler Loadings of Hydroxyapatite for Bone-Tissue Engineering Based on Poly(<span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-lactic acid)/Cyclo Olefin Copolymer
title_full_unstemmed	Comparative Study of Crystallization, Mechanical Properties, and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Nanocomposites at Low Filler Loadings of Hydroxyapatite for Bone-Tissue Engineering Based on Poly(<span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-lactic acid)/Cyclo Olefin Copolymer
title_sort	comparative study of crystallization, mechanical properties, and in vitro cytotoxicity of nanocomposites at low filler loadings of hydroxyapatite for bone-tissue engineering based on poly(<span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-lactic acid)/cyclo olefin copolymer
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/be6da531278248a0af482a692e53c03a
work_keys_str_mv	AT farzananazir comparativestudyofcrystallizationmechanicalpropertiesandinvitrocytotoxicityofnanocompositesatlowfillerloadingsofhydroxyapatiteforbonetissueengineeringbasedonpolyspanstylefontvariantsmallcapslspanlacticacidcycloolefincopolymer AT mudassiriqbal comparativestudyofcrystallizationmechanicalpropertiesandinvitrocytotoxicityofnanocompositesatlowfillerloadingsofhydroxyapatiteforbonetissueengineeringbasedonpolyspanstylefontvariantsmallcapslspanlacticacidcycloolefincopolymer
_version_	1718410736846241792

Comparative Study of Crystallization, Mechanical Properties, and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Nanocomposites at Low Filler Loadings of Hydroxyapatite for Bone-Tissue Engineering Based on Poly(<span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-lactic acid)/Cyclo Olefin Copolymer

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