Pseudoabsence generation strategies for species distribution models.

<h4>Background</h4>Species distribution models require selection of species, study extent and spatial unit, statistical methods, variables, and assessment metrics. If absence data are not available, another important consideration is pseudoabsence generation. Different strategies for pse...

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Autores principales:	Brice B Hanberry, Hong S He, Brian J Palik
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/be87cd49db2f436dab33b1d9c6684da8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:be87cd49db2f436dab33b1d9c6684da82021-11-18T07:06:49ZPseudoabsence generation strategies for species distribution models.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0044486https://doaj.org/article/be87cd49db2f436dab33b1d9c6684da82012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22952985/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Species distribution models require selection of species, study extent and spatial unit, statistical methods, variables, and assessment metrics. If absence data are not available, another important consideration is pseudoabsence generation. Different strategies for pseudoabsence generation can produce varying spatial representation of species.<h4>Methodology</h4>We considered model outcomes from four different strategies for generating pseudoabsences. We generating pseudoabsences randomly by 1) selection from the entire study extent, 2) a two-step process of selection first from the entire study extent, followed by selection for pseudoabsences from areas with predicted probability <25%, 3) selection from plots surveyed without detection of species presence, 4) a two-step process of selection first for pseudoabsences from plots surveyed without detection of species presence, followed by selection for pseudoabsences from the areas with predicted probability <25%. We used Random Forests as our statistical method and sixteen predictor variables to model tree species with at least 150 records from Forest Inventory and Analysis surveys in the Laurentian Mixed Forest province of Minnesota.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Pseudoabsence generation strategy completely affected the area predicted as present for species distribution models and may be one of the most influential determinants of models. All the pseudoabsence strategies produced mean AUC values of at least 0.87. More importantly than accuracy metrics, the two-step strategies over-predicted species presence, due to too much environmental distance between the pseudoabsences and recorded presences, whereas models based on random pseudoabsences under-predicted species presence, due to too little environmental distance between the pseudoabsences and recorded presences. Models using pseudoabsences from surveyed plots produced a balance between areas with high and low predicted probabilities and the strongest relationship between density and area with predicted probabilities ≥75%. Because of imperfect accuracy assessment, the best assessment currently may be evaluation of whether the species has been sufficiently but not excessively predicted to occur.Brice B HanberryHong S HeBrian J PalikPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 8, p e44486 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Brice B Hanberry Hong S He Brian J Palik Pseudoabsence generation strategies for species distribution models.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Species distribution models require selection of species, study extent and spatial unit, statistical methods, variables, and assessment metrics. If absence data are not available, another important consideration is pseudoabsence generation. Different strategies for pseudoabsence generation can produce varying spatial representation of species.<h4>Methodology</h4>We considered model outcomes from four different strategies for generating pseudoabsences. We generating pseudoabsences randomly by 1) selection from the entire study extent, 2) a two-step process of selection first from the entire study extent, followed by selection for pseudoabsences from areas with predicted probability <25%, 3) selection from plots surveyed without detection of species presence, 4) a two-step process of selection first for pseudoabsences from plots surveyed without detection of species presence, followed by selection for pseudoabsences from the areas with predicted probability <25%. We used Random Forests as our statistical method and sixteen predictor variables to model tree species with at least 150 records from Forest Inventory and Analysis surveys in the Laurentian Mixed Forest province of Minnesota.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Pseudoabsence generation strategy completely affected the area predicted as present for species distribution models and may be one of the most influential determinants of models. All the pseudoabsence strategies produced mean AUC values of at least 0.87. More importantly than accuracy metrics, the two-step strategies over-predicted species presence, due to too much environmental distance between the pseudoabsences and recorded presences, whereas models based on random pseudoabsences under-predicted species presence, due to too little environmental distance between the pseudoabsences and recorded presences. Models using pseudoabsences from surveyed plots produced a balance between areas with high and low predicted probabilities and the strongest relationship between density and area with predicted probabilities ≥75%. Because of imperfect accuracy assessment, the best assessment currently may be evaluation of whether the species has been sufficiently but not excessively predicted to occur.
format	article
author	Brice B Hanberry Hong S He Brian J Palik
author_facet	Brice B Hanberry Hong S He Brian J Palik
author_sort	Brice B Hanberry
title	Pseudoabsence generation strategies for species distribution models.
title_short	Pseudoabsence generation strategies for species distribution models.
title_full	Pseudoabsence generation strategies for species distribution models.
title_fullStr	Pseudoabsence generation strategies for species distribution models.
title_full_unstemmed	Pseudoabsence generation strategies for species distribution models.
title_sort	pseudoabsence generation strategies for species distribution models.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/be87cd49db2f436dab33b1d9c6684da8
work_keys_str_mv	AT bricebhanberry pseudoabsencegenerationstrategiesforspeciesdistributionmodels AT hongshe pseudoabsencegenerationstrategiesforspeciesdistributionmodels AT brianjpalik pseudoabsencegenerationstrategiesforspeciesdistributionmodels
_version_	1718423939235971072

Pseudoabsence generation strategies for species distribution models.

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