Bioexploration and Phylogenetic Placement of Entomopathogenic Fungi of the Genus <i>Beauveria</i> in Soils of Lebanon Cedar Forests

The cedar forests of Lebanon have been threatened by the outbreak caused by climate change of a web-spinning sawfly, <i>Cephalcia tannourinensis</i> (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae), which negatively impacted the survival of one of the oldest tree species on earth. In this study, we investiga...

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Autores principales:	Charbel Al Khoury, Georges Nemer, Richard Humber, Nehme El-Hachem, Jacques Guillot, Racha Chehab, Elise Noujeim, Yara El Khoury, Wadih Skaff, Nathalie Estephan, Nabil Nemer
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	soil-bioexploration phylogeny new-taxa <i>Beauveria tannourinensis</i> <i>Beauveria ehdenensis</i> Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bf037b582cd74770bb1ff229863f85bc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bf037b582cd74770bb1ff229863f85bc2021-11-25T18:05:50ZBioexploration and Phylogenetic Placement of Entomopathogenic Fungi of the Genus <i>Beauveria</i> in Soils of Lebanon Cedar Forests10.3390/jof71109242309-608Xhttps://doaj.org/article/bf037b582cd74770bb1ff229863f85bc2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/11/924https://doaj.org/toc/2309-608XThe cedar forests of Lebanon have been threatened by the outbreak caused by climate change of a web-spinning sawfly, <i>Cephalcia tannourinensis</i> (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae), which negatively impacted the survival of one of the oldest tree species on earth. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of naturally soil-inhabiting entomopathogenic fungi for their role in containing the massive outbreak of this insect. We used a combination of fungal bioexploration methods, including insect bait and selective media. Morphological features and multilocus phylogeny—based on Sanger sequencing of the transcripts encoding the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (<i>TEF-α</i>), RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (<i>RBP2</i>), and the nuclear intergenic region (Bloc) were used for species identification. The occurrence rate of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) varied with location, soil structure, forest structure, and isolation method. From 15 soil samples positive for fungal occurrence, a total of 249 isolates was obtained from all locations using different isolation methods. The phylogenetic analysis confirmed the existence of two novel indigenous species: <i>Beauveria tannourinensis</i> sp. nov. and <i>Beauveria ehdenensis</i> sp. nov. In conclusion, the present survey was successful (1) in optimizing the isolation methods for EPF, (2) investigating the natural occurrence of <i>Beauveria</i> spp. in outbreak areas of <i>C. tannourinensis</i>, and (3) in characterizing the presence of new <i>Beauveria</i> species in Lebanese cedar forest soil.Charbel Al KhouryGeorges NemerRichard HumberNehme El-HachemJacques GuillotRacha ChehabElise NoujeimYara El KhouryWadih SkaffNathalie EstephanNabil NemerMDPI AGarticlesoil-bioexplorationphylogenynew-taxa<i>Beauveria tannourinensis</i><i>Beauveria ehdenensis</i>Biology (General)QH301-705.5ENJournal of Fungi, Vol 7, Iss 924, p 924 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	soil-bioexploration phylogeny new-taxa <i>Beauveria tannourinensis</i> <i>Beauveria ehdenensis</i> Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	soil-bioexploration phylogeny new-taxa <i>Beauveria tannourinensis</i> <i>Beauveria ehdenensis</i> Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Charbel Al Khoury Georges Nemer Richard Humber Nehme El-Hachem Jacques Guillot Racha Chehab Elise Noujeim Yara El Khoury Wadih Skaff Nathalie Estephan Nabil Nemer Bioexploration and Phylogenetic Placement of Entomopathogenic Fungi of the Genus <i>Beauveria</i> in Soils of Lebanon Cedar Forests
description	The cedar forests of Lebanon have been threatened by the outbreak caused by climate change of a web-spinning sawfly, <i>Cephalcia tannourinensis</i> (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae), which negatively impacted the survival of one of the oldest tree species on earth. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of naturally soil-inhabiting entomopathogenic fungi for their role in containing the massive outbreak of this insect. We used a combination of fungal bioexploration methods, including insect bait and selective media. Morphological features and multilocus phylogeny—based on Sanger sequencing of the transcripts encoding the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (<i>TEF-α</i>), RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (<i>RBP2</i>), and the nuclear intergenic region (Bloc) were used for species identification. The occurrence rate of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) varied with location, soil structure, forest structure, and isolation method. From 15 soil samples positive for fungal occurrence, a total of 249 isolates was obtained from all locations using different isolation methods. The phylogenetic analysis confirmed the existence of two novel indigenous species: <i>Beauveria tannourinensis</i> sp. nov. and <i>Beauveria ehdenensis</i> sp. nov. In conclusion, the present survey was successful (1) in optimizing the isolation methods for EPF, (2) investigating the natural occurrence of <i>Beauveria</i> spp. in outbreak areas of <i>C. tannourinensis</i>, and (3) in characterizing the presence of new <i>Beauveria</i> species in Lebanese cedar forest soil.
format	article
author	Charbel Al Khoury Georges Nemer Richard Humber Nehme El-Hachem Jacques Guillot Racha Chehab Elise Noujeim Yara El Khoury Wadih Skaff Nathalie Estephan Nabil Nemer
author_facet	Charbel Al Khoury Georges Nemer Richard Humber Nehme El-Hachem Jacques Guillot Racha Chehab Elise Noujeim Yara El Khoury Wadih Skaff Nathalie Estephan Nabil Nemer
author_sort	Charbel Al Khoury
title	Bioexploration and Phylogenetic Placement of Entomopathogenic Fungi of the Genus <i>Beauveria</i> in Soils of Lebanon Cedar Forests
title_short	Bioexploration and Phylogenetic Placement of Entomopathogenic Fungi of the Genus <i>Beauveria</i> in Soils of Lebanon Cedar Forests
title_full	Bioexploration and Phylogenetic Placement of Entomopathogenic Fungi of the Genus <i>Beauveria</i> in Soils of Lebanon Cedar Forests
title_fullStr	Bioexploration and Phylogenetic Placement of Entomopathogenic Fungi of the Genus <i>Beauveria</i> in Soils of Lebanon Cedar Forests
title_full_unstemmed	Bioexploration and Phylogenetic Placement of Entomopathogenic Fungi of the Genus <i>Beauveria</i> in Soils of Lebanon Cedar Forests
title_sort	bioexploration and phylogenetic placement of entomopathogenic fungi of the genus <i>beauveria</i> in soils of lebanon cedar forests
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/bf037b582cd74770bb1ff229863f85bc
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Bioexploration and Phylogenetic Placement of Entomopathogenic Fungi of the Genus <i>Beauveria</i> in Soils of Lebanon Cedar Forests

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