Clinico-bacteriological Profile of Pneumonia, Meningitis and Sepsis in under Five Children from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India
Introduction: Invasive Bacterial Diseases (IBD) are the major causes of morbidity and mortality in under five children in India. There is difference in the pattern and aetiology of IBD according to the geographical variation and the antimicrobial susceptibility of causative organisms are also va...
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| Autores principales: | , , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2021
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| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/bf09a70758104775b7cf79271d5235a8 |
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| Sumario: | Introduction: Invasive Bacterial Diseases (IBD) are the major
causes of morbidity and mortality in under five children in India.
There is difference in the pattern and aetiology of IBD according
to the geographical variation and the antimicrobial susceptibility
of causative organisms are also variable. There is lack of data
on patterns of IBD from central India.
Aim: To generate the data on the burden of pneumonia, meningitis
and sepsis among under five children in central India and the
microorganisms associated with them.
Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study
was conducted from August 2019 to July 2020 at the Department
of Paediatrics at Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical College
and MY Hospital, indore, India on children of 1-59 months of
age admitted with pneumonia, meningitis and sepsis. A detailed
history was recorded for all the participants and thorough
physical examination was done along with chest X-ray , routine
laboratory examination and blood cultures were performed. Latex
Agglutination Test (LAT) and Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing
(AST) were performed on Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) samples.
All the data collected were recorded in Microsoft (MS) excel
sheet and frequency (n), percentages (%) and chi-square test for
significance level, were calculated to analyse the collected data.
Results: Of the total 450 cases enrolled, 283 (62.8%) had
confirmed IBD. Out of the confirmed cases, 183 (64.6%) had
pneumonia, 52 (18.3%) had meningitis and 48 (16.9%) had
sepsis. Highest case fatality rate was seen with sepsis followed by
meningitis and pneumonia. The most common organism isolated
was Staphylococcus aureus. Overall, gram negative bacilli were
found to be more resistant to the conventional antibiotics than
gram positive organisms. An 40 (83%) of Staphylococcus aureus
were susceptible to methicillin whereas only 12 (45%) of Klebsiella
pneumoniae were susceptible to amikacin.
Conclusion: The present study highlights the predominance
of staphylococcus aureus and adverse outcomes of IBD in
children with Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) and incomplete
immunisation. Emergence of resistant bacterial strains to
conventional antibiotics warrants the need to consider the
locally prevailing antimicrobial susceptibility patterns for the
effective management of these diseases. |
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