The effect of exploration on the use of producer-scrounger tactics.

Individuals foraging in groups can use two different tactics for obtaining food resources. Individuals can either search for food sources themselves (producing) or they can join food discoveries of others (scrounging). In this study we use a genetic algorithm in a spatially explicit producer-scroung...

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Autores principales:	Ralf H J M Kurvers, Steven Hamblin, Luc-Alain Giraldeau
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bf26fa1a2c9243fbb7710f296ef16111
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:bf26fa1a2c9243fbb7710f296ef16111
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bf26fa1a2c9243fbb7710f296ef161112021-11-18T08:08:00ZThe effect of exploration on the use of producer-scrounger tactics.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0049400https://doaj.org/article/bf26fa1a2c9243fbb7710f296ef161112012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23185327/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Individuals foraging in groups can use two different tactics for obtaining food resources. Individuals can either search for food sources themselves (producing) or they can join food discoveries of others (scrounging). In this study we use a genetic algorithm in a spatially explicit producer-scrounger game to explore how individuals compromise between exploration (an important axis of animal personality) and scrounging and how characteristics of the environment affect this compromise. Agents varied in exploration and scrounging and a genetic algorithm searched for the optimal combination of exploration and scrounging. The foraging environments featured different levels of patch richness, predation and patch density. Our simulations show that under conditions of low patch densities slow exploring scroungers were favored whereas high patch density favored fast exploring individuals that either produced (at low patch richness) or scrounged (at high patch richness). In high predation environments fast exploring individuals were selected for but only at low to intermediate patch densities. Predation did not affect scrounging behavior. We did not find a divergence of exploration 'types' within a given environment, but there was a general association between exploration and scrounging across different environments: high rates of scrounging were observed over nearly the full spectrum of exploration values, whereas high rates of producing were only observed at high exploration values, suggesting that cases in which slow explorers start producing should be rare. Our results indicate that the spatial arrangement of food resources can affect the optimal social attraction rules between agents, the optimality of foraging tactic and the interaction between both.Ralf H J M KurversSteven HamblinLuc-Alain GiraldeauPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 11, p e49400 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Ralf H J M Kurvers Steven Hamblin Luc-Alain Giraldeau The effect of exploration on the use of producer-scrounger tactics.
description	Individuals foraging in groups can use two different tactics for obtaining food resources. Individuals can either search for food sources themselves (producing) or they can join food discoveries of others (scrounging). In this study we use a genetic algorithm in a spatially explicit producer-scrounger game to explore how individuals compromise between exploration (an important axis of animal personality) and scrounging and how characteristics of the environment affect this compromise. Agents varied in exploration and scrounging and a genetic algorithm searched for the optimal combination of exploration and scrounging. The foraging environments featured different levels of patch richness, predation and patch density. Our simulations show that under conditions of low patch densities slow exploring scroungers were favored whereas high patch density favored fast exploring individuals that either produced (at low patch richness) or scrounged (at high patch richness). In high predation environments fast exploring individuals were selected for but only at low to intermediate patch densities. Predation did not affect scrounging behavior. We did not find a divergence of exploration 'types' within a given environment, but there was a general association between exploration and scrounging across different environments: high rates of scrounging were observed over nearly the full spectrum of exploration values, whereas high rates of producing were only observed at high exploration values, suggesting that cases in which slow explorers start producing should be rare. Our results indicate that the spatial arrangement of food resources can affect the optimal social attraction rules between agents, the optimality of foraging tactic and the interaction between both.
format	article
author	Ralf H J M Kurvers Steven Hamblin Luc-Alain Giraldeau
author_facet	Ralf H J M Kurvers Steven Hamblin Luc-Alain Giraldeau
author_sort	Ralf H J M Kurvers
title	The effect of exploration on the use of producer-scrounger tactics.
title_short	The effect of exploration on the use of producer-scrounger tactics.
title_full	The effect of exploration on the use of producer-scrounger tactics.
title_fullStr	The effect of exploration on the use of producer-scrounger tactics.
title_full_unstemmed	The effect of exploration on the use of producer-scrounger tactics.
title_sort	effect of exploration on the use of producer-scrounger tactics.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/bf26fa1a2c9243fbb7710f296ef16111
work_keys_str_mv	AT ralfhjmkurvers theeffectofexplorationontheuseofproducerscroungertactics AT stevenhamblin theeffectofexplorationontheuseofproducerscroungertactics AT lucalaingiraldeau theeffectofexplorationontheuseofproducerscroungertactics AT ralfhjmkurvers effectofexplorationontheuseofproducerscroungertactics AT stevenhamblin effectofexplorationontheuseofproducerscroungertactics AT lucalaingiraldeau effectofexplorationontheuseofproducerscroungertactics
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The effect of exploration on the use of producer-scrounger tactics.

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