Lineage structure of Streptococcus pneumoniae may be driven by immune selection on the groEL heat-shock protein

Abstract Populations of Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) are typically structured into groups of closely related organisms or lineages, but it is not clear whether they are maintained by selection or neutral processes. Here, we attempt to address this question by applying a machine learning technique t...

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Autores principales:	José Lourenço, Eleanor R. Watkins, Uri Obolski, Samuel J. Peacock, Callum Morris, Martin C. J. Maiden, Sunetra Gupta
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bf290c7880294f57a426bc31d0659b3d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bf290c7880294f57a426bc31d0659b3d2021-12-02T11:40:42ZLineage structure of Streptococcus pneumoniae may be driven by immune selection on the groEL heat-shock protein10.1038/s41598-017-08990-z2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/bf290c7880294f57a426bc31d0659b3d2017-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-08990-zhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Populations of Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) are typically structured into groups of closely related organisms or lineages, but it is not clear whether they are maintained by selection or neutral processes. Here, we attempt to address this question by applying a machine learning technique to SP whole genomes. Our results indicate that lineages evolved through immune selection on the groEL chaperone protein. The groEL protein is part of the groESL operon and enables a large range of proteins to fold correctly within the physical environment of the nasopharynx, thereby explaining why lineage structure is so stable within SP despite high levels of genetic transfer. SP is also antigenically diverse, exhibiting a variety of distinct capsular serotypes. Associations exist between lineage and capsular serotype but these can be easily perturbed, such as by vaccination. Overall, our analyses indicate that the evolution of SP can be conceptualized as the rearrangement of modular functional units occurring on several different timescales under different pressures: some patterns have locked in early (such as the epistatic interactions between groESL and a constellation of other genes) and preserve the differentiation of lineages, while others (such as the associations between capsular serotype and lineage) remain in continuous flux.José LourençoEleanor R. WatkinsUri ObolskiSamuel J. PeacockCallum MorrisMartin C. J. MaidenSunetra GuptaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q José Lourenço Eleanor R. Watkins Uri Obolski Samuel J. Peacock Callum Morris Martin C. J. Maiden Sunetra Gupta Lineage structure of Streptococcus pneumoniae may be driven by immune selection on the groEL heat-shock protein
description	Abstract Populations of Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) are typically structured into groups of closely related organisms or lineages, but it is not clear whether they are maintained by selection or neutral processes. Here, we attempt to address this question by applying a machine learning technique to SP whole genomes. Our results indicate that lineages evolved through immune selection on the groEL chaperone protein. The groEL protein is part of the groESL operon and enables a large range of proteins to fold correctly within the physical environment of the nasopharynx, thereby explaining why lineage structure is so stable within SP despite high levels of genetic transfer. SP is also antigenically diverse, exhibiting a variety of distinct capsular serotypes. Associations exist between lineage and capsular serotype but these can be easily perturbed, such as by vaccination. Overall, our analyses indicate that the evolution of SP can be conceptualized as the rearrangement of modular functional units occurring on several different timescales under different pressures: some patterns have locked in early (such as the epistatic interactions between groESL and a constellation of other genes) and preserve the differentiation of lineages, while others (such as the associations between capsular serotype and lineage) remain in continuous flux.
format	article
author	José Lourenço Eleanor R. Watkins Uri Obolski Samuel J. Peacock Callum Morris Martin C. J. Maiden Sunetra Gupta
author_facet	José Lourenço Eleanor R. Watkins Uri Obolski Samuel J. Peacock Callum Morris Martin C. J. Maiden Sunetra Gupta
author_sort	José Lourenço
title	Lineage structure of Streptococcus pneumoniae may be driven by immune selection on the groEL heat-shock protein
title_short	Lineage structure of Streptococcus pneumoniae may be driven by immune selection on the groEL heat-shock protein
title_full	Lineage structure of Streptococcus pneumoniae may be driven by immune selection on the groEL heat-shock protein
title_fullStr	Lineage structure of Streptococcus pneumoniae may be driven by immune selection on the groEL heat-shock protein
title_full_unstemmed	Lineage structure of Streptococcus pneumoniae may be driven by immune selection on the groEL heat-shock protein
title_sort	lineage structure of streptococcus pneumoniae may be driven by immune selection on the groel heat-shock protein
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/bf290c7880294f57a426bc31d0659b3d
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Lineage structure of Streptococcus pneumoniae may be driven by immune selection on the groEL heat-shock protein

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