Mechanical Properties of Furnace Slag and Coal Gangue Mixtures Stabilized by Cement and Fly Ash

The mechanical properties and strength formation mechanism of cement–fly-ash-stabilized slag–coal gangue mixture were examined using an unconfined compressive strength test, splitting strength test, triaxial test, and scanning electron microscopy to solve the limitations of land occupation and envir...

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Autores principales:	Hongbo Li, Hubiao Zhang, Pengfei Yan, Changyu Yan, Yufei Tong
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	no lateral limit compressive strength split test triaxial test peripheral pressure Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bf2abca0cdf94396912028aeaf05944b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bf2abca0cdf94396912028aeaf05944b2021-11-25T18:16:22ZMechanical Properties of Furnace Slag and Coal Gangue Mixtures Stabilized by Cement and Fly Ash10.3390/ma142271031996-1944https://doaj.org/article/bf2abca0cdf94396912028aeaf05944b2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/22/7103https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944The mechanical properties and strength formation mechanism of cement–fly-ash-stabilized slag–coal gangue mixture were examined using an unconfined compressive strength test, splitting strength test, triaxial test, and scanning electron microscopy to solve the limitations of land occupation and environmental pollution that is caused by fly ash from the Xixia District thermal power plant in Yinchuan, slag from the Ningdong slag yard, and washed coal gangue. Its performance as a pavement base mixture on the road was investigated. The results demonstrated that as the slag replacement rate increased, the maximum water content increased while the maximum dry density decreased. The addition of slag reduced the unconfined compressive strength and splitting strength of the specimens; furthermore, the higher the slag substitution rate, the lower the unconfined compressive strength and splitting strength of the specimens. As the cement content increased, the specimen’s unconfined compressive strength increased. Based on the principle of considering the mechanical properties and economic concerns, the slag replacement rate in the actual construction should be ~50% and should not exceed 75%. Based on the relationship between the compressive strength and splitting strength of ordinary concrete, the relationship model between the unconfined compressive strength and splitting strength of cement–fly-ash-stabilized slag–coal gangue was established. The failure mode, stress–strain curve, peak stress, and failure criterion of these specimens were analyzed based on the triaxial test results, and the relationship formulas between the slag substitution rate, cement content, peak stress, and confining pressure were fitted. As per the SEM results, the mixture’s hydration products primarily included amorphous colloidal C-S-H, needle rod ettringite AFt, unhydrated cement clinker particles, and fly ash particles. The analysis of the mixture’s strength formation mechanism showed that the mixture’s strength was the comprehensive embodiment of all factors, such as the microaggregate effect, secondary hydration reaction, and material characteristics.Hongbo LiHubiao ZhangPengfei YanChangyu YanYufei TongMDPI AGarticleno lateral limit compressive strengthsplit testtriaxial testperipheral pressureTechnologyTElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040MicroscopyQH201-278.5Descriptive and experimental mechanicsQC120-168.85ENMaterials, Vol 14, Iss 7103, p 7103 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	no lateral limit compressive strength split test triaxial test peripheral pressure Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
spellingShingle	no lateral limit compressive strength split test triaxial test peripheral pressure Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 Hongbo Li Hubiao Zhang Pengfei Yan Changyu Yan Yufei Tong Mechanical Properties of Furnace Slag and Coal Gangue Mixtures Stabilized by Cement and Fly Ash
description	The mechanical properties and strength formation mechanism of cement–fly-ash-stabilized slag–coal gangue mixture were examined using an unconfined compressive strength test, splitting strength test, triaxial test, and scanning electron microscopy to solve the limitations of land occupation and environmental pollution that is caused by fly ash from the Xixia District thermal power plant in Yinchuan, slag from the Ningdong slag yard, and washed coal gangue. Its performance as a pavement base mixture on the road was investigated. The results demonstrated that as the slag replacement rate increased, the maximum water content increased while the maximum dry density decreased. The addition of slag reduced the unconfined compressive strength and splitting strength of the specimens; furthermore, the higher the slag substitution rate, the lower the unconfined compressive strength and splitting strength of the specimens. As the cement content increased, the specimen’s unconfined compressive strength increased. Based on the principle of considering the mechanical properties and economic concerns, the slag replacement rate in the actual construction should be ~50% and should not exceed 75%. Based on the relationship between the compressive strength and splitting strength of ordinary concrete, the relationship model between the unconfined compressive strength and splitting strength of cement–fly-ash-stabilized slag–coal gangue was established. The failure mode, stress–strain curve, peak stress, and failure criterion of these specimens were analyzed based on the triaxial test results, and the relationship formulas between the slag substitution rate, cement content, peak stress, and confining pressure were fitted. As per the SEM results, the mixture’s hydration products primarily included amorphous colloidal C-S-H, needle rod ettringite AFt, unhydrated cement clinker particles, and fly ash particles. The analysis of the mixture’s strength formation mechanism showed that the mixture’s strength was the comprehensive embodiment of all factors, such as the microaggregate effect, secondary hydration reaction, and material characteristics.
format	article
author	Hongbo Li Hubiao Zhang Pengfei Yan Changyu Yan Yufei Tong
author_facet	Hongbo Li Hubiao Zhang Pengfei Yan Changyu Yan Yufei Tong
author_sort	Hongbo Li
title	Mechanical Properties of Furnace Slag and Coal Gangue Mixtures Stabilized by Cement and Fly Ash
title_short	Mechanical Properties of Furnace Slag and Coal Gangue Mixtures Stabilized by Cement and Fly Ash
title_full	Mechanical Properties of Furnace Slag and Coal Gangue Mixtures Stabilized by Cement and Fly Ash
title_fullStr	Mechanical Properties of Furnace Slag and Coal Gangue Mixtures Stabilized by Cement and Fly Ash
title_full_unstemmed	Mechanical Properties of Furnace Slag and Coal Gangue Mixtures Stabilized by Cement and Fly Ash
title_sort	mechanical properties of furnace slag and coal gangue mixtures stabilized by cement and fly ash
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/bf2abca0cdf94396912028aeaf05944b
work_keys_str_mv	AT hongboli mechanicalpropertiesoffurnaceslagandcoalganguemixturesstabilizedbycementandflyash AT hubiaozhang mechanicalpropertiesoffurnaceslagandcoalganguemixturesstabilizedbycementandflyash AT pengfeiyan mechanicalpropertiesoffurnaceslagandcoalganguemixturesstabilizedbycementandflyash AT changyuyan mechanicalpropertiesoffurnaceslagandcoalganguemixturesstabilizedbycementandflyash AT yufeitong mechanicalpropertiesoffurnaceslagandcoalganguemixturesstabilizedbycementandflyash
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Mechanical Properties of Furnace Slag and Coal Gangue Mixtures Stabilized by Cement and Fly Ash

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