Monitoring adherence to pharmacological therapy and follow-up examinations among patients with type 2 diabetes in community pharmacies. Results from an experience in Italy.

<h4>Introduction</h4>Type 2 diabetes is an important public health issue, yet adherence to drugs and regular clinical follow-up is still suboptimal. This study aims to evaluate a community pharmacy programme for monitoring and enhancing adherence to prescribed pharmacological therapies a...

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Autores principales:	Teresa Spadea, Roberta Onorati, Francesca Baratta, Irene Pignata, Marco Parente, Lavinia Pannacci, Domenica Ancona, Paola Ribecco, Giuseppe Costa, Roberto Gnavi, Paola Brusa
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bf35b75a0691400196cb3642dc6c17d2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bf35b75a0691400196cb3642dc6c17d22021-12-02T20:08:28ZMonitoring adherence to pharmacological therapy and follow-up examinations among patients with type 2 diabetes in community pharmacies. Results from an experience in Italy.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0256478https://doaj.org/article/bf35b75a0691400196cb3642dc6c17d22021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256478https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Introduction</h4>Type 2 diabetes is an important public health issue, yet adherence to drugs and regular clinical follow-up is still suboptimal. This study aims to evaluate a community pharmacy programme for monitoring and enhancing adherence to prescribed pharmacological therapies and recommended examinations among patients with confirmed diabetes.<h4>Methods</h4>The intervention was conducted in different Italian areas between April 2017 and January 2018. All adult patients who entered a pharmacy with a personal prescription for any antidiabetic drug and agreed to participate, were interviewed. Those found to be non-adherent received counselling from the pharmacists. All patients were invited for a follow-up interview after 3 months.<h4>Results</h4>Overall, 930 patients were enrolled and completed the baseline interview. We found low rates of non-adherence, ranging from 8% to 13% for prescribed pharmacological therapies, and 11-29% for the recommended clinical examinations. Non-adherence to oral therapies was higher among younger and recently diagnosed patients; that to clinical examinations was higher in men, those with an intermediate duration of diabetes and less educated patients. Large geographical differences persisted after the adjustment for individual factors. Only 306 patients (32.9%) returned for the follow-up interview, most of whom were already adherent at baseline.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Poor adherence to drugs or clinical examinations is not easy to identify in the usual operating setting of community pharmacies. Furthermore, the majority of patients did not return for follow-up, making it impossible to evaluate the efficacy of the pharmacists' counselling. It might be more effective to plan interventions addressed to specific subgroups of patients or areas.Teresa SpadeaRoberta OnoratiFrancesca BarattaIrene PignataMarco ParenteLavinia PannacciDomenica AnconaPaola RibeccoGiuseppe CostaRoberto GnaviPaola BrusaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 9, p e0256478 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Teresa Spadea Roberta Onorati Francesca Baratta Irene Pignata Marco Parente Lavinia Pannacci Domenica Ancona Paola Ribecco Giuseppe Costa Roberto Gnavi Paola Brusa Monitoring adherence to pharmacological therapy and follow-up examinations among patients with type 2 diabetes in community pharmacies. Results from an experience in Italy.
description	<h4>Introduction</h4>Type 2 diabetes is an important public health issue, yet adherence to drugs and regular clinical follow-up is still suboptimal. This study aims to evaluate a community pharmacy programme for monitoring and enhancing adherence to prescribed pharmacological therapies and recommended examinations among patients with confirmed diabetes.<h4>Methods</h4>The intervention was conducted in different Italian areas between April 2017 and January 2018. All adult patients who entered a pharmacy with a personal prescription for any antidiabetic drug and agreed to participate, were interviewed. Those found to be non-adherent received counselling from the pharmacists. All patients were invited for a follow-up interview after 3 months.<h4>Results</h4>Overall, 930 patients were enrolled and completed the baseline interview. We found low rates of non-adherence, ranging from 8% to 13% for prescribed pharmacological therapies, and 11-29% for the recommended clinical examinations. Non-adherence to oral therapies was higher among younger and recently diagnosed patients; that to clinical examinations was higher in men, those with an intermediate duration of diabetes and less educated patients. Large geographical differences persisted after the adjustment for individual factors. Only 306 patients (32.9%) returned for the follow-up interview, most of whom were already adherent at baseline.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Poor adherence to drugs or clinical examinations is not easy to identify in the usual operating setting of community pharmacies. Furthermore, the majority of patients did not return for follow-up, making it impossible to evaluate the efficacy of the pharmacists' counselling. It might be more effective to plan interventions addressed to specific subgroups of patients or areas.
format	article
author	Teresa Spadea Roberta Onorati Francesca Baratta Irene Pignata Marco Parente Lavinia Pannacci Domenica Ancona Paola Ribecco Giuseppe Costa Roberto Gnavi Paola Brusa
author_facet	Teresa Spadea Roberta Onorati Francesca Baratta Irene Pignata Marco Parente Lavinia Pannacci Domenica Ancona Paola Ribecco Giuseppe Costa Roberto Gnavi Paola Brusa
author_sort	Teresa Spadea
title	Monitoring adherence to pharmacological therapy and follow-up examinations among patients with type 2 diabetes in community pharmacies. Results from an experience in Italy.
title_short	Monitoring adherence to pharmacological therapy and follow-up examinations among patients with type 2 diabetes in community pharmacies. Results from an experience in Italy.
title_full	Monitoring adherence to pharmacological therapy and follow-up examinations among patients with type 2 diabetes in community pharmacies. Results from an experience in Italy.
title_fullStr	Monitoring adherence to pharmacological therapy and follow-up examinations among patients with type 2 diabetes in community pharmacies. Results from an experience in Italy.
title_full_unstemmed	Monitoring adherence to pharmacological therapy and follow-up examinations among patients with type 2 diabetes in community pharmacies. Results from an experience in Italy.
title_sort	monitoring adherence to pharmacological therapy and follow-up examinations among patients with type 2 diabetes in community pharmacies. results from an experience in italy.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/bf35b75a0691400196cb3642dc6c17d2
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Monitoring adherence to pharmacological therapy and follow-up examinations among patients with type 2 diabetes in community pharmacies. Results from an experience in Italy.

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