Hyperacute directional hearing and phonotactic steering in the cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus deGeer).

<h4>Background</h4>Auditory mate or prey localisation is central to the lifestyle of many animals and requires precise directional hearing. However, when the incident angle of sound approaches 0° azimuth, interaural time and intensity differences gradually vanish. This poses a demanding...

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Autores principales:	Stefan Schöneich, Berthold Hedwig
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2010
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bf5477f2ce1c45f6b5d5e23a7bcde5a3
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:bf5477f2ce1c45f6b5d5e23a7bcde5a3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bf5477f2ce1c45f6b5d5e23a7bcde5a32021-11-18T07:01:57ZHyperacute directional hearing and phonotactic steering in the cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus deGeer).1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0015141https://doaj.org/article/bf5477f2ce1c45f6b5d5e23a7bcde5a32010-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21170344/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Auditory mate or prey localisation is central to the lifestyle of many animals and requires precise directional hearing. However, when the incident angle of sound approaches 0° azimuth, interaural time and intensity differences gradually vanish. This poses a demanding challenge to animals especially when interaural distances are small. To cope with these limitations imposed by the laws of acoustics, crickets employ a frequency tuned peripheral hearing system. Although this enhances auditory directionality the actual precision of directional hearing and phonotactic steering has never been studied in the behaviourally important frontal range.<h4>Principal findings</h4>Here we analysed the directionality of phonotaxis in female crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus) walking on an open-loop trackball system by measuring their steering accuracy towards male calling song presented at frontal angles of incidence. Within the range of ±30°, females reliably discriminated the side of acoustic stimulation, even when the sound source deviated by only 1° from the animal's length axis. Moreover, for angles of sound incidence between 1° and 6° the females precisely walked towards the sound source. Measuring the tympanic membrane oscillations of the front leg ears with a laser vibrometer revealed between 0° and 30° a linear increasing function of interaural amplitude differences with a slope of 0.4 dB/°. Auditory nerve recordings closely reflected these bilateral differences in afferent response latency and intensity that provide the physiological basis for precise auditory steering.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Our experiments demonstrate that an insect hearing system based on a frequency-tuned pressure difference receiver achieves directional hyperacuity which easily rivals best directional hearing in mammals and birds. Moreover, this directional accuracy of the cricket's hearing system is reflected in the animal's phonotactic motor response.Stefan SchöneichBerthold HedwigPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 12, p e15141 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Stefan Schöneich Berthold Hedwig Hyperacute directional hearing and phonotactic steering in the cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus deGeer).
description	<h4>Background</h4>Auditory mate or prey localisation is central to the lifestyle of many animals and requires precise directional hearing. However, when the incident angle of sound approaches 0° azimuth, interaural time and intensity differences gradually vanish. This poses a demanding challenge to animals especially when interaural distances are small. To cope with these limitations imposed by the laws of acoustics, crickets employ a frequency tuned peripheral hearing system. Although this enhances auditory directionality the actual precision of directional hearing and phonotactic steering has never been studied in the behaviourally important frontal range.<h4>Principal findings</h4>Here we analysed the directionality of phonotaxis in female crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus) walking on an open-loop trackball system by measuring their steering accuracy towards male calling song presented at frontal angles of incidence. Within the range of ±30°, females reliably discriminated the side of acoustic stimulation, even when the sound source deviated by only 1° from the animal's length axis. Moreover, for angles of sound incidence between 1° and 6° the females precisely walked towards the sound source. Measuring the tympanic membrane oscillations of the front leg ears with a laser vibrometer revealed between 0° and 30° a linear increasing function of interaural amplitude differences with a slope of 0.4 dB/°. Auditory nerve recordings closely reflected these bilateral differences in afferent response latency and intensity that provide the physiological basis for precise auditory steering.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Our experiments demonstrate that an insect hearing system based on a frequency-tuned pressure difference receiver achieves directional hyperacuity which easily rivals best directional hearing in mammals and birds. Moreover, this directional accuracy of the cricket's hearing system is reflected in the animal's phonotactic motor response.
format	article
author	Stefan Schöneich Berthold Hedwig
author_facet	Stefan Schöneich Berthold Hedwig
author_sort	Stefan Schöneich
title	Hyperacute directional hearing and phonotactic steering in the cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus deGeer).
title_short	Hyperacute directional hearing and phonotactic steering in the cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus deGeer).
title_full	Hyperacute directional hearing and phonotactic steering in the cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus deGeer).
title_fullStr	Hyperacute directional hearing and phonotactic steering in the cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus deGeer).
title_full_unstemmed	Hyperacute directional hearing and phonotactic steering in the cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus deGeer).
title_sort	hyperacute directional hearing and phonotactic steering in the cricket (gryllus bimaculatus degeer).
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/bf5477f2ce1c45f6b5d5e23a7bcde5a3
work_keys_str_mv	AT stefanschoneich hyperacutedirectionalhearingandphonotacticsteeringinthecricketgryllusbimaculatusdegeer AT bertholdhedwig hyperacutedirectionalhearingandphonotacticsteeringinthecricketgryllusbimaculatusdegeer
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Hyperacute directional hearing and phonotactic steering in the cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus deGeer).

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