Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles in Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer: An Unexplored Territory

Bacterial extracellular vesicles are membrane-enclosed, lipid bi-layer nanostructures that carry different classes of biomolecules, such as nucleic acids, lipids, proteins, and diverse types of small molecular metabolites, as their cargo. Almost all of the bacteria in the gut secrete extracellular v...

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Autores principales:	Sajeen Bahadur Amatya, Sonja Salmi, Veera Kainulainen, Peeter Karihtala, Justus Reunanen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	gastrointestinal tract microbiota extracellular vesicles cancer Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bf5a1a94a0904c528f98a36ee4e09e5a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bf5a1a94a0904c528f98a36ee4e09e5a2021-11-11T15:33:27ZBacterial Extracellular Vesicles in Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer: An Unexplored Territory10.3390/cancers132154502072-6694https://doaj.org/article/bf5a1a94a0904c528f98a36ee4e09e5a2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/21/5450https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6694Bacterial extracellular vesicles are membrane-enclosed, lipid bi-layer nanostructures that carry different classes of biomolecules, such as nucleic acids, lipids, proteins, and diverse types of small molecular metabolites, as their cargo. Almost all of the bacteria in the gut secrete extracellular vesicles to assist them in competition, survival, material exchange, host immune modulation, infection, and invasion. The role of gut microbiota in the development, progression, and pathogenesis of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) cancer has been well documented. However, the possible involvement of bacterial extracellular vesicles (bEVs) in GIT cancer pathophysiology has not been given due attention. Studies have illustrated the ability of bEVs to cross physiological barriers, selectively accumulate near tumor cells, and possibly alter the tumor microenvironment (TME). A systematic search of original published works related to bacterial extracellular vesicles on gastrointestinal cancer was performed for this review. The current systemic review outlines the possible impact of gut microbiota derived bEVs in GIT cancer in light of present-day understanding. The necessity of using advanced sequencing technologies, such as genetic, proteomic, and metabolomic investigation methodologies, to facilitate an understanding of the interrelationship between cancer-associated bacterial vesicles and gastrointestinal cancer is also emphasized. We further discuss the clinical and pharmaceutical potential of bEVs, along with future efforts needed to understand the mechanism of interaction of bEVs in GIT cancer pathogenesis.Sajeen Bahadur AmatyaSonja SalmiVeera KainulainenPeeter KarihtalaJustus ReunanenMDPI AGarticlegastrointestinal tractmicrobiotaextracellular vesiclescancerNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENCancers, Vol 13, Iss 5450, p 5450 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	gastrointestinal tract microbiota extracellular vesicles cancer Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
spellingShingle	gastrointestinal tract microbiota extracellular vesicles cancer Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 Sajeen Bahadur Amatya Sonja Salmi Veera Kainulainen Peeter Karihtala Justus Reunanen Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles in Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer: An Unexplored Territory
description	Bacterial extracellular vesicles are membrane-enclosed, lipid bi-layer nanostructures that carry different classes of biomolecules, such as nucleic acids, lipids, proteins, and diverse types of small molecular metabolites, as their cargo. Almost all of the bacteria in the gut secrete extracellular vesicles to assist them in competition, survival, material exchange, host immune modulation, infection, and invasion. The role of gut microbiota in the development, progression, and pathogenesis of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) cancer has been well documented. However, the possible involvement of bacterial extracellular vesicles (bEVs) in GIT cancer pathophysiology has not been given due attention. Studies have illustrated the ability of bEVs to cross physiological barriers, selectively accumulate near tumor cells, and possibly alter the tumor microenvironment (TME). A systematic search of original published works related to bacterial extracellular vesicles on gastrointestinal cancer was performed for this review. The current systemic review outlines the possible impact of gut microbiota derived bEVs in GIT cancer in light of present-day understanding. The necessity of using advanced sequencing technologies, such as genetic, proteomic, and metabolomic investigation methodologies, to facilitate an understanding of the interrelationship between cancer-associated bacterial vesicles and gastrointestinal cancer is also emphasized. We further discuss the clinical and pharmaceutical potential of bEVs, along with future efforts needed to understand the mechanism of interaction of bEVs in GIT cancer pathogenesis.
format	article
author	Sajeen Bahadur Amatya Sonja Salmi Veera Kainulainen Peeter Karihtala Justus Reunanen
author_facet	Sajeen Bahadur Amatya Sonja Salmi Veera Kainulainen Peeter Karihtala Justus Reunanen
author_sort	Sajeen Bahadur Amatya
title	Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles in Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer: An Unexplored Territory
title_short	Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles in Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer: An Unexplored Territory
title_full	Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles in Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer: An Unexplored Territory
title_fullStr	Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles in Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer: An Unexplored Territory
title_full_unstemmed	Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles in Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer: An Unexplored Territory
title_sort	bacterial extracellular vesicles in gastrointestinal tract cancer: an unexplored territory
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/bf5a1a94a0904c528f98a36ee4e09e5a
work_keys_str_mv	AT sajeenbahaduramatya bacterialextracellularvesiclesingastrointestinaltractcanceranunexploredterritory AT sonjasalmi bacterialextracellularvesiclesingastrointestinaltractcanceranunexploredterritory AT veerakainulainen bacterialextracellularvesiclesingastrointestinaltractcanceranunexploredterritory AT peeterkarihtala bacterialextracellularvesiclesingastrointestinaltractcanceranunexploredterritory AT justusreunanen bacterialextracellularvesiclesingastrointestinaltractcanceranunexploredterritory
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Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles in Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer: An Unexplored Territory

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