The RNA sensor MDA5 detects SARS-CoV-2 infection

Abstract Human cells respond to infection by SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, by producing cytokines including type I and III interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory factors such as IL6 and TNF. IFNs can limit SARS-CoV-2 replication but cytokine imbalance contributes to severe COVID-19. We...

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Autores principales:	Natalia G. Sampaio, Lise Chauveau, Jonny Hertzog, Anne Bridgeman, Gerissa Fowler, Jurgen P. Moonen, Maeva Dupont, Rebecca A. Russell, Marko Noerenberg, Jan Rehwinkel
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bf7b2861bd4e49ec90699e30b9ce5848
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bf7b2861bd4e49ec90699e30b9ce58482021-12-02T16:31:43ZThe RNA sensor MDA5 detects SARS-CoV-2 infection10.1038/s41598-021-92940-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/bf7b2861bd4e49ec90699e30b9ce58482021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92940-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Human cells respond to infection by SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, by producing cytokines including type I and III interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory factors such as IL6 and TNF. IFNs can limit SARS-CoV-2 replication but cytokine imbalance contributes to severe COVID-19. We studied how cells detect SARS-CoV-2 infection. We report that the cytosolic RNA sensor MDA5 was required for type I and III IFN induction in the lung cancer cell line Calu-3 upon SARS-CoV-2 infection. Type I and III IFN induction further required MAVS and IRF3. In contrast, induction of IL6 and TNF was independent of the MDA5-MAVS-IRF3 axis in this setting. We further found that SARS-CoV-2 infection inhibited the ability of cells to respond to IFNs. In sum, we identified MDA5 as a cellular sensor for SARS-CoV-2 infection that induced type I and III IFNs.Natalia G. SampaioLise ChauveauJonny HertzogAnne BridgemanGerissa FowlerJurgen P. MoonenMaeva DupontRebecca A. RussellMarko NoerenbergJan RehwinkelNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Natalia G. Sampaio Lise Chauveau Jonny Hertzog Anne Bridgeman Gerissa Fowler Jurgen P. Moonen Maeva Dupont Rebecca A. Russell Marko Noerenberg Jan Rehwinkel The RNA sensor MDA5 detects SARS-CoV-2 infection
description	Abstract Human cells respond to infection by SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, by producing cytokines including type I and III interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory factors such as IL6 and TNF. IFNs can limit SARS-CoV-2 replication but cytokine imbalance contributes to severe COVID-19. We studied how cells detect SARS-CoV-2 infection. We report that the cytosolic RNA sensor MDA5 was required for type I and III IFN induction in the lung cancer cell line Calu-3 upon SARS-CoV-2 infection. Type I and III IFN induction further required MAVS and IRF3. In contrast, induction of IL6 and TNF was independent of the MDA5-MAVS-IRF3 axis in this setting. We further found that SARS-CoV-2 infection inhibited the ability of cells to respond to IFNs. In sum, we identified MDA5 as a cellular sensor for SARS-CoV-2 infection that induced type I and III IFNs.
format	article
author	Natalia G. Sampaio Lise Chauveau Jonny Hertzog Anne Bridgeman Gerissa Fowler Jurgen P. Moonen Maeva Dupont Rebecca A. Russell Marko Noerenberg Jan Rehwinkel
author_facet	Natalia G. Sampaio Lise Chauveau Jonny Hertzog Anne Bridgeman Gerissa Fowler Jurgen P. Moonen Maeva Dupont Rebecca A. Russell Marko Noerenberg Jan Rehwinkel
author_sort	Natalia G. Sampaio
title	The RNA sensor MDA5 detects SARS-CoV-2 infection
title_short	The RNA sensor MDA5 detects SARS-CoV-2 infection
title_full	The RNA sensor MDA5 detects SARS-CoV-2 infection
title_fullStr	The RNA sensor MDA5 detects SARS-CoV-2 infection
title_full_unstemmed	The RNA sensor MDA5 detects SARS-CoV-2 infection
title_sort	rna sensor mda5 detects sars-cov-2 infection
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/bf7b2861bd4e49ec90699e30b9ce5848
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The RNA sensor MDA5 detects SARS-CoV-2 infection

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