Opioid overdose counseling and prescribing of naloxone in rural community pharmacies: A pilot study

Introduction: Fatal overdoses from opioids increased four-fold from 1999 to 2009, and they are now the leading cause of death among Americans under 50. Legislation has been passed by every state to increase access to naloxone but dispensing by community pharmacies remains low. Objectives: The object...

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Autores principales:	Benjamin S. Teeter, Mary M. Thannisch, Bradley C. Martin, Nickolas D. Zaller, Duane Jones, Cynthia L. Mosley, Geoffrey M. Curran
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bf8387c61dc5400db42b47d17cb2b903
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bf8387c61dc5400db42b47d17cb2b9032021-11-04T04:44:48ZOpioid overdose counseling and prescribing of naloxone in rural community pharmacies: A pilot study2667-276610.1016/j.rcsop.2021.100019https://doaj.org/article/bf8387c61dc5400db42b47d17cb2b9032021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667276621000196https://doaj.org/toc/2667-2766Introduction: Fatal overdoses from opioids increased four-fold from 1999 to 2009, and they are now the leading cause of death among Americans under 50. Legislation has been passed by every state to increase access to naloxone but dispensing by community pharmacies remains low. Objectives: The objective of this study was to pilot test a proactive opioid overdose counseling intervention and a passive naloxone intervention, and the implementation strategies developed to support their delivery, in rural community pharmacies on relevant implementation outcomes. Methods: The interventions, implementation strategies, and the overall pilot study approach were developed in a collaborative partnership with a regional supermarket pharmacy chain. They selected 2 rural pharmacies to participate in the pilot study and 2 non-intervention pharmacies to serve as comparison sites. Two interventions were pilot tested in the 2 intervention pharmacies: 1) a proactive opioid overdose counseling intervention and 2) a passive naloxone intervention. An explanatory sequential mixed-methods design was utilized to evaluate adoption, feasibility, acceptability, and appropriateness outcomes after the 3-month observation period. Results: Between the 2 intervention pharmacies, 130 patients received the opioid overdose counseling intervention. 44 (33.8%) were prescribed and dispensed naloxone. Zero naloxone prescriptions were written or dispensed at the comparison pharmacies. Interviews with pharmacy staff found the interventions to be feasible, acceptable, and appropriate in their settings. Conclusion: This small scale pilot study in partnership with a regional supermarket pharmacy chain had positive results with a third of patients who received the opioid overdose counseling intervention being dispensed naloxone. However, the majority of patients did not receive naloxone indicating additional revisions to the intervention components and/or implementation strategies are needed to improve the overall impact of the interventions.Benjamin S. TeeterMary M. ThannischBradley C. MartinNickolas D. ZallerDuane JonesCynthia L. MosleyGeoffrey M. CurranElsevierarticlePharmacy and materia medicaRS1-441ENExploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy, Vol 2, Iss , Pp 100019- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441
spellingShingle	Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441 Benjamin S. Teeter Mary M. Thannisch Bradley C. Martin Nickolas D. Zaller Duane Jones Cynthia L. Mosley Geoffrey M. Curran Opioid overdose counseling and prescribing of naloxone in rural community pharmacies: A pilot study
description	Introduction: Fatal overdoses from opioids increased four-fold from 1999 to 2009, and they are now the leading cause of death among Americans under 50. Legislation has been passed by every state to increase access to naloxone but dispensing by community pharmacies remains low. Objectives: The objective of this study was to pilot test a proactive opioid overdose counseling intervention and a passive naloxone intervention, and the implementation strategies developed to support their delivery, in rural community pharmacies on relevant implementation outcomes. Methods: The interventions, implementation strategies, and the overall pilot study approach were developed in a collaborative partnership with a regional supermarket pharmacy chain. They selected 2 rural pharmacies to participate in the pilot study and 2 non-intervention pharmacies to serve as comparison sites. Two interventions were pilot tested in the 2 intervention pharmacies: 1) a proactive opioid overdose counseling intervention and 2) a passive naloxone intervention. An explanatory sequential mixed-methods design was utilized to evaluate adoption, feasibility, acceptability, and appropriateness outcomes after the 3-month observation period. Results: Between the 2 intervention pharmacies, 130 patients received the opioid overdose counseling intervention. 44 (33.8%) were prescribed and dispensed naloxone. Zero naloxone prescriptions were written or dispensed at the comparison pharmacies. Interviews with pharmacy staff found the interventions to be feasible, acceptable, and appropriate in their settings. Conclusion: This small scale pilot study in partnership with a regional supermarket pharmacy chain had positive results with a third of patients who received the opioid overdose counseling intervention being dispensed naloxone. However, the majority of patients did not receive naloxone indicating additional revisions to the intervention components and/or implementation strategies are needed to improve the overall impact of the interventions.
format	article
author	Benjamin S. Teeter Mary M. Thannisch Bradley C. Martin Nickolas D. Zaller Duane Jones Cynthia L. Mosley Geoffrey M. Curran
author_facet	Benjamin S. Teeter Mary M. Thannisch Bradley C. Martin Nickolas D. Zaller Duane Jones Cynthia L. Mosley Geoffrey M. Curran
author_sort	Benjamin S. Teeter
title	Opioid overdose counseling and prescribing of naloxone in rural community pharmacies: A pilot study
title_short	Opioid overdose counseling and prescribing of naloxone in rural community pharmacies: A pilot study
title_full	Opioid overdose counseling and prescribing of naloxone in rural community pharmacies: A pilot study
title_fullStr	Opioid overdose counseling and prescribing of naloxone in rural community pharmacies: A pilot study
title_full_unstemmed	Opioid overdose counseling and prescribing of naloxone in rural community pharmacies: A pilot study
title_sort	opioid overdose counseling and prescribing of naloxone in rural community pharmacies: a pilot study
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/bf8387c61dc5400db42b47d17cb2b903
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Opioid overdose counseling and prescribing of naloxone in rural community pharmacies: A pilot study

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