Ginkgo biloba extract ameliorates oxidative phosphorylation performance and rescues abeta-induced failure.

<h4>Background</h4>Energy deficiency and mitochondrial failure have been recognized as a prominent, early event in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recently, we demonstrated that chronic exposure to amyloid-beta (Abeta) in human neuroblastoma cells over-expressing human wild-type amyloid p...

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Autores principales:	Virginie Rhein, Maria Giese, Ginette Baysang, Fides Meier, Stefania Rao, Kathrin L Schulz, Matthias Hamburger, Anne Eckert
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2010
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bf97c69a1d4347a1857a68d75312f801
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bf97c69a1d4347a1857a68d75312f8012021-11-18T06:35:47ZGinkgo biloba extract ameliorates oxidative phosphorylation performance and rescues abeta-induced failure.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0012359https://doaj.org/article/bf97c69a1d4347a1857a68d75312f8012010-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20808761/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Energy deficiency and mitochondrial failure have been recognized as a prominent, early event in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recently, we demonstrated that chronic exposure to amyloid-beta (Abeta) in human neuroblastoma cells over-expressing human wild-type amyloid precursor protein (APP) resulted in (i) activity changes of complexes III and IV of the oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) and in (ii) a drop of ATP levels which may finally instigate loss of synapses and neuronal cell death in AD. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether standardized Ginkgo biloba extract LI 1370 (GBE) is able to rescue Abeta-induced defects in energy metabolism.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>We used a high-resolution respiratory protocol to evaluate OXPHOS respiratory capacity under physiological condition in control (stably transfected with the empty vector) and APP cells after treatment with GBE. In addition, oxygen consumption of isolated mitochondria, activities of mitochondrial respiratory enzymes, ATP and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels as well as mitochondrial membrane mass and mitochondrial DNA content were determined. We observed a general antioxidant effect of GBE leading to an increase of the coupling state of mitochondria as well as energy homeostasis and a reduction of ROS levels in control cells and in APP cells. GBE effect on OXPHOS was even preserved in mitochondria after isolation from treated cells. Moreover, these functional data were paralleled by an up-regulation of mitochondrial DNA. Improvement of the OXPHOS efficiency was stronger in APP cells than in control cells. In APP cells, the GBE-induced amelioration of oxygen consumption most likely arose from the modulation and respective normalization of the Abeta-induced disturbance in the activity of mitochondrial complexes III and IV restoring impaired ATP levels possibly through decreasing Abeta and oxidative stress level.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Although the underlying molecular mechanisms of the mode of action of GBE remain to be determined, our study clearly highlights the beneficial effect of GBE on the cellular OXPHOS performance and restoration of Abeta-induced mitochondrial dysfunction.Virginie RheinMaria GieseGinette BaysangFides MeierStefania RaoKathrin L SchulzMatthias HamburgerAnne EckertPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 8, p e12359 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Virginie Rhein Maria Giese Ginette Baysang Fides Meier Stefania Rao Kathrin L Schulz Matthias Hamburger Anne Eckert Ginkgo biloba extract ameliorates oxidative phosphorylation performance and rescues abeta-induced failure.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Energy deficiency and mitochondrial failure have been recognized as a prominent, early event in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recently, we demonstrated that chronic exposure to amyloid-beta (Abeta) in human neuroblastoma cells over-expressing human wild-type amyloid precursor protein (APP) resulted in (i) activity changes of complexes III and IV of the oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) and in (ii) a drop of ATP levels which may finally instigate loss of synapses and neuronal cell death in AD. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether standardized Ginkgo biloba extract LI 1370 (GBE) is able to rescue Abeta-induced defects in energy metabolism.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>We used a high-resolution respiratory protocol to evaluate OXPHOS respiratory capacity under physiological condition in control (stably transfected with the empty vector) and APP cells after treatment with GBE. In addition, oxygen consumption of isolated mitochondria, activities of mitochondrial respiratory enzymes, ATP and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels as well as mitochondrial membrane mass and mitochondrial DNA content were determined. We observed a general antioxidant effect of GBE leading to an increase of the coupling state of mitochondria as well as energy homeostasis and a reduction of ROS levels in control cells and in APP cells. GBE effect on OXPHOS was even preserved in mitochondria after isolation from treated cells. Moreover, these functional data were paralleled by an up-regulation of mitochondrial DNA. Improvement of the OXPHOS efficiency was stronger in APP cells than in control cells. In APP cells, the GBE-induced amelioration of oxygen consumption most likely arose from the modulation and respective normalization of the Abeta-induced disturbance in the activity of mitochondrial complexes III and IV restoring impaired ATP levels possibly through decreasing Abeta and oxidative stress level.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Although the underlying molecular mechanisms of the mode of action of GBE remain to be determined, our study clearly highlights the beneficial effect of GBE on the cellular OXPHOS performance and restoration of Abeta-induced mitochondrial dysfunction.
format	article
author	Virginie Rhein Maria Giese Ginette Baysang Fides Meier Stefania Rao Kathrin L Schulz Matthias Hamburger Anne Eckert
author_facet	Virginie Rhein Maria Giese Ginette Baysang Fides Meier Stefania Rao Kathrin L Schulz Matthias Hamburger Anne Eckert
author_sort	Virginie Rhein
title	Ginkgo biloba extract ameliorates oxidative phosphorylation performance and rescues abeta-induced failure.
title_short	Ginkgo biloba extract ameliorates oxidative phosphorylation performance and rescues abeta-induced failure.
title_full	Ginkgo biloba extract ameliorates oxidative phosphorylation performance and rescues abeta-induced failure.
title_fullStr	Ginkgo biloba extract ameliorates oxidative phosphorylation performance and rescues abeta-induced failure.
title_full_unstemmed	Ginkgo biloba extract ameliorates oxidative phosphorylation performance and rescues abeta-induced failure.
title_sort	ginkgo biloba extract ameliorates oxidative phosphorylation performance and rescues abeta-induced failure.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/bf97c69a1d4347a1857a68d75312f801
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Ginkgo biloba extract ameliorates oxidative phosphorylation performance and rescues abeta-induced failure.

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