The Use of Copper Oxides as Cross-Linking Substances for Chloroprene Rubber and Study of the Vulcanizates Properties. Part II. The Effect of Filler Type on the Properties of CR Products

The properties of rubber materials are dependent on the characteristics of the elastomer matrix, the filler type, the cross-linking agent, the number of ingredients, and their interactions. In the previous article, we showed that chloroprene rubber can be efficiently cross-linked with copper(I) oxid...

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Autores principales:	Aleksandra Smejda-Krzewicka, Piotr Kobędza, Krzysztof Strzelec, Agnieszka Adamus-Włodarczyk
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	copper oxides chloroprene rubber cross-linking filler mechanical properties morphology Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bf99c40fadc84565bde8cef255f75bf2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bf99c40fadc84565bde8cef255f75bf22021-11-11T18:05:39ZThe Use of Copper Oxides as Cross-Linking Substances for Chloroprene Rubber and Study of the Vulcanizates Properties. Part II. The Effect of Filler Type on the Properties of CR Products10.3390/ma142165281996-1944https://doaj.org/article/bf99c40fadc84565bde8cef255f75bf22021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6528https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944The properties of rubber materials are dependent on the characteristics of the elastomer matrix, the filler type, the cross-linking agent, the number of ingredients, and their interactions. In the previous article, we showed that chloroprene rubber can be efficiently cross-linked with copper(I) oxide or copper(II) oxide. During the processing of rubber compounds, the incorporation of a filler and a curing substance are two substantial parameters, such as the homogeneity of mixing and cross-linking that significantly affect the properties of the vulcanizates. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the curing characteristics, mechanical and dynamical properties, morphology, and flammability of the composites containing chloroprene rubber cross-linked with Cu<sub>2</sub>O or CuO and filled with different fillers (silica, carbon black, montmorillonite, kaolin, chalk). It was found that the type of filler and curing agent had a significant impact on the degree of cross-linking of the chloroprene rubber and the properties of its vulcanizates. The degree and speed of the cross-linking of filled CR were higher when the CR was cured with copper(II) oxide. Among the fillers used, the presence of carbon black or silica ensured the highest degree of CR cross-linking and the most useful properties. The flammability tests indicated that all produced vulcanizates were characterized by a high oxygen index, which allows them to be classified as non-flammable materials.Aleksandra Smejda-KrzewickaPiotr KobędzaKrzysztof StrzelecAgnieszka Adamus-WłodarczykMDPI AGarticlecopper oxideschloroprene rubbercross-linkingfillermechanical propertiesmorphologyTechnologyTElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040MicroscopyQH201-278.5Descriptive and experimental mechanicsQC120-168.85ENMaterials, Vol 14, Iss 6528, p 6528 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	copper oxides chloroprene rubber cross-linking filler mechanical properties morphology Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
spellingShingle	copper oxides chloroprene rubber cross-linking filler mechanical properties morphology Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 Aleksandra Smejda-Krzewicka Piotr Kobędza Krzysztof Strzelec Agnieszka Adamus-Włodarczyk The Use of Copper Oxides as Cross-Linking Substances for Chloroprene Rubber and Study of the Vulcanizates Properties. Part II. The Effect of Filler Type on the Properties of CR Products
description	The properties of rubber materials are dependent on the characteristics of the elastomer matrix, the filler type, the cross-linking agent, the number of ingredients, and their interactions. In the previous article, we showed that chloroprene rubber can be efficiently cross-linked with copper(I) oxide or copper(II) oxide. During the processing of rubber compounds, the incorporation of a filler and a curing substance are two substantial parameters, such as the homogeneity of mixing and cross-linking that significantly affect the properties of the vulcanizates. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the curing characteristics, mechanical and dynamical properties, morphology, and flammability of the composites containing chloroprene rubber cross-linked with Cu<sub>2</sub>O or CuO and filled with different fillers (silica, carbon black, montmorillonite, kaolin, chalk). It was found that the type of filler and curing agent had a significant impact on the degree of cross-linking of the chloroprene rubber and the properties of its vulcanizates. The degree and speed of the cross-linking of filled CR were higher when the CR was cured with copper(II) oxide. Among the fillers used, the presence of carbon black or silica ensured the highest degree of CR cross-linking and the most useful properties. The flammability tests indicated that all produced vulcanizates were characterized by a high oxygen index, which allows them to be classified as non-flammable materials.
format	article
author	Aleksandra Smejda-Krzewicka Piotr Kobędza Krzysztof Strzelec Agnieszka Adamus-Włodarczyk
author_facet	Aleksandra Smejda-Krzewicka Piotr Kobędza Krzysztof Strzelec Agnieszka Adamus-Włodarczyk
author_sort	Aleksandra Smejda-Krzewicka
title	The Use of Copper Oxides as Cross-Linking Substances for Chloroprene Rubber and Study of the Vulcanizates Properties. Part II. The Effect of Filler Type on the Properties of CR Products
title_short	The Use of Copper Oxides as Cross-Linking Substances for Chloroprene Rubber and Study of the Vulcanizates Properties. Part II. The Effect of Filler Type on the Properties of CR Products
title_full	The Use of Copper Oxides as Cross-Linking Substances for Chloroprene Rubber and Study of the Vulcanizates Properties. Part II. The Effect of Filler Type on the Properties of CR Products
title_fullStr	The Use of Copper Oxides as Cross-Linking Substances for Chloroprene Rubber and Study of the Vulcanizates Properties. Part II. The Effect of Filler Type on the Properties of CR Products
title_full_unstemmed	The Use of Copper Oxides as Cross-Linking Substances for Chloroprene Rubber and Study of the Vulcanizates Properties. Part II. The Effect of Filler Type on the Properties of CR Products
title_sort	use of copper oxides as cross-linking substances for chloroprene rubber and study of the vulcanizates properties. part ii. the effect of filler type on the properties of cr products
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/bf99c40fadc84565bde8cef255f75bf2
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The Use of Copper Oxides as Cross-Linking Substances for Chloroprene Rubber and Study of the Vulcanizates Properties. Part II. The Effect of Filler Type on the Properties of CR Products

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