Association of low vitamin D status with Childhood Pneumonia Severity in Hospitalized Bulgarian Patients

Lower respiratory tract infections are among the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population worldwide. Despite advances in treatment and prevention, childhood pneumonia is a major reason for hospital admissions and remains a leading cause of death, claiming an estim...

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Autores principales:	N/ Rimpova, V. Valcheva, A. Tsakova, H. Shivachev, D. Iliev
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	RU
Publicado:	Sankt-Peterburg : NIIÈM imeni Pastera 2019
Materias:	pneumonia serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d children vitamin d supplementation Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bfb065c754ad4cf99377c5d4f4be4c69
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bfb065c754ad4cf99377c5d4f4be4c692021-11-22T07:09:56ZAssociation of low vitamin D status with Childhood Pneumonia Severity in Hospitalized Bulgarian Patients2220-76192313-739810.15789/2220-7619-AAB-1765https://doaj.org/article/bfb065c754ad4cf99377c5d4f4be4c692019-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/1765https://doaj.org/toc/2220-7619https://doaj.org/toc/2313-7398Lower respiratory tract infections are among the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population worldwide. Despite advances in treatment and prevention, childhood pneumonia is a major reason for hospital admissions and remains a leading cause of death, claiming an estimated 800,000 children’s lives in 2018. Globally, over 1.23 million children died of pneumonia before reaching their 5th birthday - the equivalent of over 3.400 deaths per day worldwide. There is growing evidence that vitamin D plays an important role in the immune system by modulating both innate and adaptive immunity. Vitamin D is an additional factor in the inflammatory response regulation. Its action is mediated via the vitamin D receptor (VDR), which is present in almost all types of immune cells, including activated CD4+ and CD8+ cells, B cells, macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with decreased host defenses against infections. Therefore, our aim was to investigate whether low vitamin D status was a risk factor for pneumonia complications, usage of multiple antibiotics and prolonged hospital stay among hospitalized pediatric patients with community-aquired pneumonia. Total of 200 children (102 healthy controls and 98 with severe pneumonia) from 11 days to 17 years old were included in the study. Cases with severe pneumonia were subdivided into groups with and without complications (36 and 62, respectively). Electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay was used to measure the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. The control group showed lower values than the study group. Cases with complicated pneumonia had significantly lower levels 29.7-68.0 nmol/l, compared with 49.1-88.6 nmol/l in cases without complications. A significant negative correlation was found between vitamin D concentrations and duration of hospital stay, the number of antibiotics used for treatment, and serum levels of inflammatory markers. The low status of vitamin D is related to the severity of the disease, but has not been associated with the incidence/frequency of the disease. Children with low vitamin D levels may be at higher risk of developing life-threatening complications, intensive care admissions and a higher inflammatory response.N/ RimpovaV. ValchevaA. TsakovaH. ShivachevD. IlievSankt-Peterburg : NIIÈM imeni Pasteraarticlepneumoniaserum 25-hydroxyvitamin dchildrenvitamin d supplementationInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216RUInfekciâ i Immunitet, Vol 0, Iss 0 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	RU
topic	pneumonia serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d children vitamin d supplementation Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
spellingShingle	pneumonia serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d children vitamin d supplementation Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 N/ Rimpova V. Valcheva A. Tsakova H. Shivachev D. Iliev Association of low vitamin D status with Childhood Pneumonia Severity in Hospitalized Bulgarian Patients
description	Lower respiratory tract infections are among the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population worldwide. Despite advances in treatment and prevention, childhood pneumonia is a major reason for hospital admissions and remains a leading cause of death, claiming an estimated 800,000 children’s lives in 2018. Globally, over 1.23 million children died of pneumonia before reaching their 5th birthday - the equivalent of over 3.400 deaths per day worldwide. There is growing evidence that vitamin D plays an important role in the immune system by modulating both innate and adaptive immunity. Vitamin D is an additional factor in the inflammatory response regulation. Its action is mediated via the vitamin D receptor (VDR), which is present in almost all types of immune cells, including activated CD4+ and CD8+ cells, B cells, macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with decreased host defenses against infections. Therefore, our aim was to investigate whether low vitamin D status was a risk factor for pneumonia complications, usage of multiple antibiotics and prolonged hospital stay among hospitalized pediatric patients with community-aquired pneumonia. Total of 200 children (102 healthy controls and 98 with severe pneumonia) from 11 days to 17 years old were included in the study. Cases with severe pneumonia were subdivided into groups with and without complications (36 and 62, respectively). Electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay was used to measure the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. The control group showed lower values than the study group. Cases with complicated pneumonia had significantly lower levels 29.7-68.0 nmol/l, compared with 49.1-88.6 nmol/l in cases without complications. A significant negative correlation was found between vitamin D concentrations and duration of hospital stay, the number of antibiotics used for treatment, and serum levels of inflammatory markers. The low status of vitamin D is related to the severity of the disease, but has not been associated with the incidence/frequency of the disease. Children with low vitamin D levels may be at higher risk of developing life-threatening complications, intensive care admissions and a higher inflammatory response.
format	article
author	N/ Rimpova V. Valcheva A. Tsakova H. Shivachev D. Iliev
author_facet	N/ Rimpova V. Valcheva A. Tsakova H. Shivachev D. Iliev
author_sort	N/ Rimpova
title	Association of low vitamin D status with Childhood Pneumonia Severity in Hospitalized Bulgarian Patients
title_short	Association of low vitamin D status with Childhood Pneumonia Severity in Hospitalized Bulgarian Patients
title_full	Association of low vitamin D status with Childhood Pneumonia Severity in Hospitalized Bulgarian Patients
title_fullStr	Association of low vitamin D status with Childhood Pneumonia Severity in Hospitalized Bulgarian Patients
title_full_unstemmed	Association of low vitamin D status with Childhood Pneumonia Severity in Hospitalized Bulgarian Patients
title_sort	association of low vitamin d status with childhood pneumonia severity in hospitalized bulgarian patients
publisher	Sankt-Peterburg : NIIÈM imeni Pastera
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/bfb065c754ad4cf99377c5d4f4be4c69
work_keys_str_mv	AT nrimpova associationoflowvitamindstatuswithchildhoodpneumoniaseverityinhospitalizedbulgarianpatients AT vvalcheva associationoflowvitamindstatuswithchildhoodpneumoniaseverityinhospitalizedbulgarianpatients AT atsakova associationoflowvitamindstatuswithchildhoodpneumoniaseverityinhospitalizedbulgarianpatients AT hshivachev associationoflowvitamindstatuswithchildhoodpneumoniaseverityinhospitalizedbulgarianpatients AT diliev associationoflowvitamindstatuswithchildhoodpneumoniaseverityinhospitalizedbulgarianpatients
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Association of low vitamin D status with Childhood Pneumonia Severity in Hospitalized Bulgarian Patients

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