Risk of Postoperative Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Its Associated Factors: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Korea

Postoperative gastrointestinal bleeding (PGIB) is a serious complication with expensive medical costs and a high mortality rate. This study aims to analyze the incidence of PGIB and its associated factors, including its relationship with postoperative analgesic use. Patients aged ≥20 years who recei...

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Autores principales:	Sang Hyuck Kim, Kyungdo Han, Gunseog Kang, Seung Woo Lee, Chi-Min Park, Jongho Cho, Jung Won Choi, Se Jun Park, Minyong Kang, Tae Jun Kim, Seo-Hee Hong, Yong-Chol Kwon, Junhee Park, Dongwook Shin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	postoperative bleeding bleeding risk analgesics pain control Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bfb722b086484f44994088f53843f49d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bfb722b086484f44994088f53843f49d2021-11-25T18:08:07ZRisk of Postoperative Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Its Associated Factors: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Korea10.3390/jpm111112222075-4426https://doaj.org/article/bfb722b086484f44994088f53843f49d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/11/11/1222https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4426Postoperative gastrointestinal bleeding (PGIB) is a serious complication with expensive medical costs and a high mortality rate. This study aims to analyze the incidence of PGIB and its associated factors, including its relationship with postoperative analgesic use. Patients aged ≥20 years who received various kinds of surgery from 2013 to 2017 were included (<i>n</i> = 1,319,807). PGIB was defined by admission with ICD-10 codes of gastrointestinal bleeding plus transfusion within 2 months after surgery. A total of 3505 (0.27%) subjects had PGIB, and the incidence was much higher for those who underwent major gastrointestinal and major cardiovascular surgery (1.9% for both), followed by major head and neck (0.7%), major genitourinary (0.5%), and orthopedic surgery (0.45%). On multivariate analysis, older age, male sex, lower income, comorbidities, peptic ulcer disease, and congestive heart failure were associated with a higher risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. Among analgesics, steroid use was associated with increased postoperative bleeding risk (adjusted OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.25–1.48). Acetaminophen/nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors, anticonvulsants, antidepressants, and opioids were not associated with increased risk. PGIB is considerable for major surgeries, and its risk should be considered, especially for patients with older age and comorbidities and use of steroids.Sang Hyuck KimKyungdo HanGunseog KangSeung Woo LeeChi-Min ParkJongho ChoJung Won ChoiSe Jun ParkMinyong KangTae Jun KimSeo-Hee HongYong-Chol KwonJunhee ParkDongwook ShinMDPI AGarticlepostoperative bleedingbleeding riskanalgesicspain controlMedicineRENJournal of Personalized Medicine, Vol 11, Iss 1222, p 1222 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	postoperative bleeding bleeding risk analgesics pain control Medicine R
spellingShingle	postoperative bleeding bleeding risk analgesics pain control Medicine R Sang Hyuck Kim Kyungdo Han Gunseog Kang Seung Woo Lee Chi-Min Park Jongho Cho Jung Won Choi Se Jun Park Minyong Kang Tae Jun Kim Seo-Hee Hong Yong-Chol Kwon Junhee Park Dongwook Shin Risk of Postoperative Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Its Associated Factors: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Korea
description	Postoperative gastrointestinal bleeding (PGIB) is a serious complication with expensive medical costs and a high mortality rate. This study aims to analyze the incidence of PGIB and its associated factors, including its relationship with postoperative analgesic use. Patients aged ≥20 years who received various kinds of surgery from 2013 to 2017 were included (<i>n</i> = 1,319,807). PGIB was defined by admission with ICD-10 codes of gastrointestinal bleeding plus transfusion within 2 months after surgery. A total of 3505 (0.27%) subjects had PGIB, and the incidence was much higher for those who underwent major gastrointestinal and major cardiovascular surgery (1.9% for both), followed by major head and neck (0.7%), major genitourinary (0.5%), and orthopedic surgery (0.45%). On multivariate analysis, older age, male sex, lower income, comorbidities, peptic ulcer disease, and congestive heart failure were associated with a higher risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. Among analgesics, steroid use was associated with increased postoperative bleeding risk (adjusted OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.25–1.48). Acetaminophen/nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors, anticonvulsants, antidepressants, and opioids were not associated with increased risk. PGIB is considerable for major surgeries, and its risk should be considered, especially for patients with older age and comorbidities and use of steroids.
format	article
author	Sang Hyuck Kim Kyungdo Han Gunseog Kang Seung Woo Lee Chi-Min Park Jongho Cho Jung Won Choi Se Jun Park Minyong Kang Tae Jun Kim Seo-Hee Hong Yong-Chol Kwon Junhee Park Dongwook Shin
author_facet	Sang Hyuck Kim Kyungdo Han Gunseog Kang Seung Woo Lee Chi-Min Park Jongho Cho Jung Won Choi Se Jun Park Minyong Kang Tae Jun Kim Seo-Hee Hong Yong-Chol Kwon Junhee Park Dongwook Shin
author_sort	Sang Hyuck Kim
title	Risk of Postoperative Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Its Associated Factors: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Korea
title_short	Risk of Postoperative Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Its Associated Factors: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Korea
title_full	Risk of Postoperative Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Its Associated Factors: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Korea
title_fullStr	Risk of Postoperative Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Its Associated Factors: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Korea
title_full_unstemmed	Risk of Postoperative Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Its Associated Factors: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Korea
title_sort	risk of postoperative gastrointestinal bleeding and its associated factors: a nationwide population-based study in korea
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/bfb722b086484f44994088f53843f49d
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Risk of Postoperative Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Its Associated Factors: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Korea

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