Role of biochar, compost and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in the management of tomato early blight disease

Abstract The individual role of biochar, compost and PGPR has been widely studied in increasing the productivity of plants by inducing resistance against phyto-pathogens. However, the knowledge on combined effect of biochar and PGPR on plant health and management of foliar pathogens is still at juve...

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Autores principales:	Mujahid Rasool, Adnan Akhter, Gerhard Soja, Muhammad Saleem Haider
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bffd52e38ee94cf786c771d01824c41f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bffd52e38ee94cf786c771d01824c41f2021-12-02T13:18:08ZRole of biochar, compost and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in the management of tomato early blight disease10.1038/s41598-021-85633-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/bffd52e38ee94cf786c771d01824c41f2021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85633-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The individual role of biochar, compost and PGPR has been widely studied in increasing the productivity of plants by inducing resistance against phyto-pathogens. However, the knowledge on combined effect of biochar and PGPR on plant health and management of foliar pathogens is still at juvenile stage. The effect of green waste biochar (GWB) and wood biochar (WB), together with compost (Comp) and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR; Bacillus subtilis) was examined on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) physiology and Alternaria solani development both in vivo and in vitro. Tomato plants were raised in potting mixture modified with only compost (Comp) at application rate of 20% (v/v), and along with WB and GWB at application rate of 3 and 6% (v/v), each separately, in combination with or without B. subtilis. In comparison with WB amended soil substrate, percentage disease index was significantly reduced in GWB amended treatments (Comp + 6%GWB and Comp + 3%GWB; 48.21 and 35.6%, respectively). Whereas, in the presence of B. subtilis disease suppression was also maximum (up to 80%) in the substrate containing GWB. Tomato plant growth and physiological parameters were significantly higher in treatment containing GWB (6%) alone as well as in combination with PGPR. Alternaria solani mycelial growth inhibition was less than 50% in comp, WB and GWB amended growth media, whereas B. subtilis induced maximum inhibition (55.75%). Conclusively, the variable impact of WB, GWB and subsequently their concentrations in the soil substrate was evident on early blight development and plant physiology. To our knowledge, this is the first report implying biochar in synergism with PGPR to hinder the early blight development in tomatoes.Mujahid RasoolAdnan AkhterGerhard SojaMuhammad Saleem HaiderNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Mujahid Rasool Adnan Akhter Gerhard Soja Muhammad Saleem Haider Role of biochar, compost and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in the management of tomato early blight disease
description	Abstract The individual role of biochar, compost and PGPR has been widely studied in increasing the productivity of plants by inducing resistance against phyto-pathogens. However, the knowledge on combined effect of biochar and PGPR on plant health and management of foliar pathogens is still at juvenile stage. The effect of green waste biochar (GWB) and wood biochar (WB), together with compost (Comp) and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR; Bacillus subtilis) was examined on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) physiology and Alternaria solani development both in vivo and in vitro. Tomato plants were raised in potting mixture modified with only compost (Comp) at application rate of 20% (v/v), and along with WB and GWB at application rate of 3 and 6% (v/v), each separately, in combination with or without B. subtilis. In comparison with WB amended soil substrate, percentage disease index was significantly reduced in GWB amended treatments (Comp + 6%GWB and Comp + 3%GWB; 48.21 and 35.6%, respectively). Whereas, in the presence of B. subtilis disease suppression was also maximum (up to 80%) in the substrate containing GWB. Tomato plant growth and physiological parameters were significantly higher in treatment containing GWB (6%) alone as well as in combination with PGPR. Alternaria solani mycelial growth inhibition was less than 50% in comp, WB and GWB amended growth media, whereas B. subtilis induced maximum inhibition (55.75%). Conclusively, the variable impact of WB, GWB and subsequently their concentrations in the soil substrate was evident on early blight development and plant physiology. To our knowledge, this is the first report implying biochar in synergism with PGPR to hinder the early blight development in tomatoes.
format	article
author	Mujahid Rasool Adnan Akhter Gerhard Soja Muhammad Saleem Haider
author_facet	Mujahid Rasool Adnan Akhter Gerhard Soja Muhammad Saleem Haider
author_sort	Mujahid Rasool
title	Role of biochar, compost and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in the management of tomato early blight disease
title_short	Role of biochar, compost and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in the management of tomato early blight disease
title_full	Role of biochar, compost and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in the management of tomato early blight disease
title_fullStr	Role of biochar, compost and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in the management of tomato early blight disease
title_full_unstemmed	Role of biochar, compost and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in the management of tomato early blight disease
title_sort	role of biochar, compost and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in the management of tomato early blight disease
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/bffd52e38ee94cf786c771d01824c41f
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Role of biochar, compost and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in the management of tomato early blight disease

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