Secondary Metabolites from Food-Derived Yeasts Inhibit Virulence of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Candida albicans</named-content>

ABSTRACT A sparse number of available antifungal drugs, therapeutic side effects, and drug resistance are major challenges in current antifungal therapy to treat Candida albicans-associated infections. Here, we describe two food-derived yeasts, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Issatchenkia occidentalis,...

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Autores principales:	Lohith Kunyeit, Nawneet K. Kurrey, K. A. Anu-Appaiah, Reeta P. Rao
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2021
Materias:	beneficial microbes aromatic alcohols Candida albicans biofilm adhesion Caco-2 cell monolayer Caenorhabditis elegans Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c0108ff4dc6241c7a072179e6360ff8f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c0108ff4dc6241c7a072179e6360ff8f2021-11-10T18:37:52ZSecondary Metabolites from Food-Derived Yeasts Inhibit Virulence of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Candida albicans</named-content>10.1128/mBio.01891-212150-7511https://doaj.org/article/c0108ff4dc6241c7a072179e6360ff8f2021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.01891-21https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT A sparse number of available antifungal drugs, therapeutic side effects, and drug resistance are major challenges in current antifungal therapy to treat Candida albicans-associated infections. Here, we describe two food-derived yeasts, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Issatchenkia occidentalis, that inhibit virulence traits of C. albicans, including hyphal morphogenesis, biofilm formation, and adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells. These yeasts also protect the model host Caenorhabditis elegans from C. albicans infection. We demonstrate that the protective activity is primarily retained in the secretome of the beneficial yeasts, and the protection they provide as a physical barrier is negligible. S. cerevisiae aro8 aro9 mutant analysis demonstrate that phenylethanol and tryptophol are necessary for protection, and experiments with commercially procured compounds indicate that they are sufficient to inhibit C. albicans virulence. We propose food-derived yeasts as an alternative or combination therapy to conventional antifungal therapy for C. albicans infection. IMPORTANCE The gut microbiome, primarily established by food, is complex and contributes to the health of the host. Molecular mechanisms that regulate microbial interactions and host health remain unclear. Here, we show that the pathogen C. albicans interacts with food-derived beneficial yeasts in the gut of the microscopic worm, C. elegans, forming a simple microbiome. C. albicans can colonize the worm gut, compromising the worm’s health, and exposure to the food-derived yeasts ameliorates this effect protecting the nematode host. We identify small molecules from food-derived yeasts that are necessary and sufficient to inhibit multiple virulence traits of C. albicans and protect the nematode host. The nematode gut faithfully recapitulates a mammalian intestine. This could be an effective alternative or combination therapy for C. albicans infection.Lohith KunyeitNawneet K. KurreyK. A. Anu-AppaiahReeta P. RaoAmerican Society for Microbiologyarticlebeneficial microbesaromatic alcoholsCandida albicans biofilmadhesionCaco-2 cell monolayerCaenorhabditis elegansMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 12, Iss 4 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	beneficial microbes aromatic alcohols Candida albicans biofilm adhesion Caco-2 cell monolayer Caenorhabditis elegans Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	beneficial microbes aromatic alcohols Candida albicans biofilm adhesion Caco-2 cell monolayer Caenorhabditis elegans Microbiology QR1-502 Lohith Kunyeit Nawneet K. Kurrey K. A. Anu-Appaiah Reeta P. Rao Secondary Metabolites from Food-Derived Yeasts Inhibit Virulence of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Candida albicans</named-content>
description	ABSTRACT A sparse number of available antifungal drugs, therapeutic side effects, and drug resistance are major challenges in current antifungal therapy to treat Candida albicans-associated infections. Here, we describe two food-derived yeasts, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Issatchenkia occidentalis, that inhibit virulence traits of C. albicans, including hyphal morphogenesis, biofilm formation, and adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells. These yeasts also protect the model host Caenorhabditis elegans from C. albicans infection. We demonstrate that the protective activity is primarily retained in the secretome of the beneficial yeasts, and the protection they provide as a physical barrier is negligible. S. cerevisiae aro8 aro9 mutant analysis demonstrate that phenylethanol and tryptophol are necessary for protection, and experiments with commercially procured compounds indicate that they are sufficient to inhibit C. albicans virulence. We propose food-derived yeasts as an alternative or combination therapy to conventional antifungal therapy for C. albicans infection. IMPORTANCE The gut microbiome, primarily established by food, is complex and contributes to the health of the host. Molecular mechanisms that regulate microbial interactions and host health remain unclear. Here, we show that the pathogen C. albicans interacts with food-derived beneficial yeasts in the gut of the microscopic worm, C. elegans, forming a simple microbiome. C. albicans can colonize the worm gut, compromising the worm’s health, and exposure to the food-derived yeasts ameliorates this effect protecting the nematode host. We identify small molecules from food-derived yeasts that are necessary and sufficient to inhibit multiple virulence traits of C. albicans and protect the nematode host. The nematode gut faithfully recapitulates a mammalian intestine. This could be an effective alternative or combination therapy for C. albicans infection.
format	article
author	Lohith Kunyeit Nawneet K. Kurrey K. A. Anu-Appaiah Reeta P. Rao
author_facet	Lohith Kunyeit Nawneet K. Kurrey K. A. Anu-Appaiah Reeta P. Rao
author_sort	Lohith Kunyeit
title	Secondary Metabolites from Food-Derived Yeasts Inhibit Virulence of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Candida albicans</named-content>
title_short	Secondary Metabolites from Food-Derived Yeasts Inhibit Virulence of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Candida albicans</named-content>
title_full	Secondary Metabolites from Food-Derived Yeasts Inhibit Virulence of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Candida albicans</named-content>
title_fullStr	Secondary Metabolites from Food-Derived Yeasts Inhibit Virulence of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Candida albicans</named-content>
title_full_unstemmed	Secondary Metabolites from Food-Derived Yeasts Inhibit Virulence of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Candida albicans</named-content>
title_sort	secondary metabolites from food-derived yeasts inhibit virulence of <named-content content-type="genus-species">candida albicans</named-content>
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c0108ff4dc6241c7a072179e6360ff8f
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Secondary Metabolites from Food-Derived Yeasts Inhibit Virulence of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Candida albicans</named-content>

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