A modified slow sand filtration system of epikarst spring water in karst mountainous areas, China

Epikarst springs are commonly used for drinking water in karst mountainous areas, but they tend to bring health risks to residents because of their vulnerability. In this work, a modified slow sand filtration system (M-SSF) was established as a case study to purify and conserve the epikarst spring w...

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Autores principales:	Yuewen Zhao, Xiuyan Wang, Juan Yang, Changli Liu, Shuaiwei Wang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IWA Publishing 2021
Materias:	16s rrna sequencing bacterial community structure epikarst spring schmutzdecke slow sand filtration Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c04816568fdc4fe38182c2b6826bb32c
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:c04816568fdc4fe38182c2b6826bb32c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c04816568fdc4fe38182c2b6826bb32c2021-11-06T06:03:51ZA modified slow sand filtration system of epikarst spring water in karst mountainous areas, China1477-89201996-782910.2166/wh.2021.242https://doaj.org/article/c04816568fdc4fe38182c2b6826bb32c2021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttp://jwh.iwaponline.com/content/19/2/229https://doaj.org/toc/1477-8920https://doaj.org/toc/1996-7829Epikarst springs are commonly used for drinking water in karst mountainous areas, but they tend to bring health risks to residents because of their vulnerability. In this work, a modified slow sand filtration system (M-SSF) was established as a case study to purify and conserve the epikarst spring water. The outcomes indicate that the purification of M-SSF relies mainly on the adsorption and ion exchange of the filter medium (mixtures of heat-treated red clay and crushed limestone, MHRCCL) during the schmutzdecke juvenility, and on the schmutzdecke-formed food chain of pollutants → bacteria → protozoa after the schmutzdecke maturity. The closed water cellar lined with ceramic tiles could reduce the deterioration of epikarst spring water during storage. Via 16S rRNA sequencing, it was found that the high abundance of TM6_Dependentiae in purified epikarst spring water (PESW) suggested that the M-SSF system relies on the formation of a closed food chain to achieve effective water purification. The decrease of Pseudarcicella abundance in PESW indicated that M-SSF could effectively prevent the water quality from external influences represented by leeches. Besides, the 16S function prediction was used to qualitatively characterize microbial nitrogen metabolism, as well as organic matter degradation in water purification. HIGHLIGHTS The quality of epikarst spring water was significantly improved using the M-SSF.; TM6_Dependentiae indicated that the purification of M-SSF relies on the establishment of a closed food chain.; The M-SSF could prevent the purified epikarst spring water from being influenced by external pollution.;Yuewen ZhaoXiuyan WangJuan YangChangli LiuShuaiwei WangIWA Publishingarticle16s rrna sequencingbacterial community structureepikarst springschmutzdeckeslow sand filtrationPublic aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENJournal of Water and Health, Vol 19, Iss 2, Pp 229-241 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	16s rrna sequencing bacterial community structure epikarst spring schmutzdecke slow sand filtration Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	16s rrna sequencing bacterial community structure epikarst spring schmutzdecke slow sand filtration Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Yuewen Zhao Xiuyan Wang Juan Yang Changli Liu Shuaiwei Wang A modified slow sand filtration system of epikarst spring water in karst mountainous areas, China
description	Epikarst springs are commonly used for drinking water in karst mountainous areas, but they tend to bring health risks to residents because of their vulnerability. In this work, a modified slow sand filtration system (M-SSF) was established as a case study to purify and conserve the epikarst spring water. The outcomes indicate that the purification of M-SSF relies mainly on the adsorption and ion exchange of the filter medium (mixtures of heat-treated red clay and crushed limestone, MHRCCL) during the schmutzdecke juvenility, and on the schmutzdecke-formed food chain of pollutants → bacteria → protozoa after the schmutzdecke maturity. The closed water cellar lined with ceramic tiles could reduce the deterioration of epikarst spring water during storage. Via 16S rRNA sequencing, it was found that the high abundance of TM6_Dependentiae in purified epikarst spring water (PESW) suggested that the M-SSF system relies on the formation of a closed food chain to achieve effective water purification. The decrease of Pseudarcicella abundance in PESW indicated that M-SSF could effectively prevent the water quality from external influences represented by leeches. Besides, the 16S function prediction was used to qualitatively characterize microbial nitrogen metabolism, as well as organic matter degradation in water purification. HIGHLIGHTS The quality of epikarst spring water was significantly improved using the M-SSF.; TM6_Dependentiae indicated that the purification of M-SSF relies on the establishment of a closed food chain.; The M-SSF could prevent the purified epikarst spring water from being influenced by external pollution.;
format	article
author	Yuewen Zhao Xiuyan Wang Juan Yang Changli Liu Shuaiwei Wang
author_facet	Yuewen Zhao Xiuyan Wang Juan Yang Changli Liu Shuaiwei Wang
author_sort	Yuewen Zhao
title	A modified slow sand filtration system of epikarst spring water in karst mountainous areas, China
title_short	A modified slow sand filtration system of epikarst spring water in karst mountainous areas, China
title_full	A modified slow sand filtration system of epikarst spring water in karst mountainous areas, China
title_fullStr	A modified slow sand filtration system of epikarst spring water in karst mountainous areas, China
title_full_unstemmed	A modified slow sand filtration system of epikarst spring water in karst mountainous areas, China
title_sort	modified slow sand filtration system of epikarst spring water in karst mountainous areas, china
publisher	IWA Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c04816568fdc4fe38182c2b6826bb32c
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A modified slow sand filtration system of epikarst spring water in karst mountainous areas, China

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