Experimental Evolution as a High-Throughput Screen for Genetic Adaptations

ABSTRACT Experimental evolution is a method in which populations of organisms, often microbes, are founded by one or more ancestors of known genotype and then propagated under controlled conditions to study the evolutionary process. These evolving populations are influenced by all population genetic...

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Autor principal:	Vaughn S. Cooper
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2018
Materias:	evolutionary biology genomics population genetics Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c0793c33fbca463db6dcc660d49e9633
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c0793c33fbca463db6dcc660d49e96332021-11-15T15:24:22ZExperimental Evolution as a High-Throughput Screen for Genetic Adaptations10.1128/mSphere.00121-182379-5042https://doaj.org/article/c0793c33fbca463db6dcc660d49e96332018-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00121-18https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5042ABSTRACT Experimental evolution is a method in which populations of organisms, often microbes, are founded by one or more ancestors of known genotype and then propagated under controlled conditions to study the evolutionary process. These evolving populations are influenced by all population genetic forces, including selection, mutation, drift, and recombination, and the relative contributions of these forces may be seen as mysterious. Here, I describe why the outcomes of experimental evolution should be viewed with greater certainty because the force of selection typically dominates. Importantly, any mutant rising rapidly to high frequency in large populations must have acquired adaptive traits in the selective environment. Sequencing the genomes of these mutants can identify genes or pathways that contribute to an adaptation. I review the logic and simple mathematics why this evolve-and-resequence approach is a powerful way to find the mutations or mutation combinations that best increase fitness in any new environment.Vaughn S. CooperAmerican Society for Microbiologyarticleevolutionary biologygenomicspopulation geneticsMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSphere, Vol 3, Iss 3 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	evolutionary biology genomics population genetics Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	evolutionary biology genomics population genetics Microbiology QR1-502 Vaughn S. Cooper Experimental Evolution as a High-Throughput Screen for Genetic Adaptations
description	ABSTRACT Experimental evolution is a method in which populations of organisms, often microbes, are founded by one or more ancestors of known genotype and then propagated under controlled conditions to study the evolutionary process. These evolving populations are influenced by all population genetic forces, including selection, mutation, drift, and recombination, and the relative contributions of these forces may be seen as mysterious. Here, I describe why the outcomes of experimental evolution should be viewed with greater certainty because the force of selection typically dominates. Importantly, any mutant rising rapidly to high frequency in large populations must have acquired adaptive traits in the selective environment. Sequencing the genomes of these mutants can identify genes or pathways that contribute to an adaptation. I review the logic and simple mathematics why this evolve-and-resequence approach is a powerful way to find the mutations or mutation combinations that best increase fitness in any new environment.
format	article
author	Vaughn S. Cooper
author_facet	Vaughn S. Cooper
author_sort	Vaughn S. Cooper
title	Experimental Evolution as a High-Throughput Screen for Genetic Adaptations
title_short	Experimental Evolution as a High-Throughput Screen for Genetic Adaptations
title_full	Experimental Evolution as a High-Throughput Screen for Genetic Adaptations
title_fullStr	Experimental Evolution as a High-Throughput Screen for Genetic Adaptations
title_full_unstemmed	Experimental Evolution as a High-Throughput Screen for Genetic Adaptations
title_sort	experimental evolution as a high-throughput screen for genetic adaptations
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/c0793c33fbca463db6dcc660d49e9633
work_keys_str_mv	AT vaughnscooper experimentalevolutionasahighthroughputscreenforgeneticadaptations
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Experimental Evolution as a High-Throughput Screen for Genetic Adaptations

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