Plasma Ceramides Pathophysiology, Measurements, Challenges, and Opportunities

Ceramides are a family of lipid molecules, composed of sphingosine and a fatty acid, and transported by lipoproteins (primarily by low-density lipoproteins) in the bloodstream. They are not only structural lipids, but multifunctional and bioactive molecules with key roles in many important cellular...

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Autores principales:	Melania Gaggini, Alessandro Pingitore, Cristina Vassalle
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	ceramides aerobic exercise cardiometabolic risk and disease lipidomics Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c07b5c928bc24defbf588b35bb17017b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c07b5c928bc24defbf588b35bb17017b2021-11-25T18:20:25ZPlasma Ceramides Pathophysiology, Measurements, Challenges, and Opportunities10.3390/metabo111107192218-1989https://doaj.org/article/c07b5c928bc24defbf588b35bb17017b2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/11/11/719https://doaj.org/toc/2218-1989Ceramides are a family of lipid molecules, composed of sphingosine and a fatty acid, and transported by lipoproteins (primarily by low-density lipoproteins) in the bloodstream. They are not only structural lipids, but multifunctional and bioactive molecules with key roles in many important cellular pathways, such as inflammatory processes and apoptosis, representing potential biomarkers of cardiometabolic diseases as well as pharmacological targets. Recent data reported ceramide modulation by diet and aerobic exercise, suggesting nutrients and exercise-targeting sphingolipid pathways as a countermeasure, also in combination with other therapies, for risk and progression of chronic disease prevention and health maintenance. In this review, we focus on the available data regarding remarks on ceramide structure and metabolism, their pathophysiologic roles, and the effect of dietary habit and aerobic exercise on ceramide levels. Moreover, advancements and limitations of lipidomic techniques and simplification attempts to overcome difficulties of interpretation and to facilitate practical applications, such as the proposal of scores, are also discussed.Melania GagginiAlessandro PingitoreCristina VassalleMDPI AGarticleceramidesaerobic exercisecardiometabolic risk and diseaselipidomicsMicrobiologyQR1-502ENMetabolites, Vol 11, Iss 719, p 719 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	ceramides aerobic exercise cardiometabolic risk and disease lipidomics Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	ceramides aerobic exercise cardiometabolic risk and disease lipidomics Microbiology QR1-502 Melania Gaggini Alessandro Pingitore Cristina Vassalle Plasma Ceramides Pathophysiology, Measurements, Challenges, and Opportunities
description	Ceramides are a family of lipid molecules, composed of sphingosine and a fatty acid, and transported by lipoproteins (primarily by low-density lipoproteins) in the bloodstream. They are not only structural lipids, but multifunctional and bioactive molecules with key roles in many important cellular pathways, such as inflammatory processes and apoptosis, representing potential biomarkers of cardiometabolic diseases as well as pharmacological targets. Recent data reported ceramide modulation by diet and aerobic exercise, suggesting nutrients and exercise-targeting sphingolipid pathways as a countermeasure, also in combination with other therapies, for risk and progression of chronic disease prevention and health maintenance. In this review, we focus on the available data regarding remarks on ceramide structure and metabolism, their pathophysiologic roles, and the effect of dietary habit and aerobic exercise on ceramide levels. Moreover, advancements and limitations of lipidomic techniques and simplification attempts to overcome difficulties of interpretation and to facilitate practical applications, such as the proposal of scores, are also discussed.
format	article
author	Melania Gaggini Alessandro Pingitore Cristina Vassalle
author_facet	Melania Gaggini Alessandro Pingitore Cristina Vassalle
author_sort	Melania Gaggini
title	Plasma Ceramides Pathophysiology, Measurements, Challenges, and Opportunities
title_short	Plasma Ceramides Pathophysiology, Measurements, Challenges, and Opportunities
title_full	Plasma Ceramides Pathophysiology, Measurements, Challenges, and Opportunities
title_fullStr	Plasma Ceramides Pathophysiology, Measurements, Challenges, and Opportunities
title_full_unstemmed	Plasma Ceramides Pathophysiology, Measurements, Challenges, and Opportunities
title_sort	plasma ceramides pathophysiology, measurements, challenges, and opportunities
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c07b5c928bc24defbf588b35bb17017b
work_keys_str_mv	AT melaniagaggini plasmaceramidespathophysiologymeasurementschallengesandopportunities AT alessandropingitore plasmaceramidespathophysiologymeasurementschallengesandopportunities AT cristinavassalle plasmaceramidespathophysiologymeasurementschallengesandopportunities
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Plasma Ceramides Pathophysiology, Measurements, Challenges, and Opportunities

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