Differential regulations of vestibulo-ocular reflex and optokinetic response by β- and α2-adrenergic receptors in the cerebellar flocculus

Abstract Norepinephrine modulates synaptic plasticity in various brain regions and is implicated in memory formation, consolidation and retrieval. The cerebellum is involved in motor learning, and adaptations of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and optokinetic response (OKR) have been studied as mo...

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Autores principales:	Ryo Wakita, Soshi Tanabe, Kazunari Tabei, Asako Funaki, Takuma Inoshita, Tomoo Hirano
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c09abcdc535c43008ed75c376086987f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c09abcdc535c43008ed75c376086987f2021-12-02T16:06:43ZDifferential regulations of vestibulo-ocular reflex and optokinetic response by β- and α2-adrenergic receptors in the cerebellar flocculus10.1038/s41598-017-04273-92045-2322https://doaj.org/article/c09abcdc535c43008ed75c376086987f2017-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-04273-9https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Norepinephrine modulates synaptic plasticity in various brain regions and is implicated in memory formation, consolidation and retrieval. The cerebellum is involved in motor learning, and adaptations of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and optokinetic response (OKR) have been studied as models of cerebellum-dependent motor learning. Previous studies showed the involvement of adrenergic systems in the regulation of VOR, OKR and cerebellar synaptic functions. Here, we show differential contributions of β- and α2-adrenergic receptors in the mouse cerebellar flocculus to VOR and OKR control. Effects of application of β- or α2-adrenergic agonist or antagonist into the flocculus suggest that the β-adrenergic receptor activity maintains the VOR gain at high levels and contributes to adaptation of OKR, and that α2-adrenergic receptor counteracts the β-receptor activity in VOR and OKR control. We also examined effects of norepinephrine application, and the results suggest that norepinephrine regulates VOR and OKR through β-adrenergic receptor at low concentrations and through α2-receptor at high concentrations.Ryo WakitaSoshi TanabeKazunari TabeiAsako FunakiTakuma InoshitaTomoo HiranoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Ryo Wakita Soshi Tanabe Kazunari Tabei Asako Funaki Takuma Inoshita Tomoo Hirano Differential regulations of vestibulo-ocular reflex and optokinetic response by β- and α2-adrenergic receptors in the cerebellar flocculus
description	Abstract Norepinephrine modulates synaptic plasticity in various brain regions and is implicated in memory formation, consolidation and retrieval. The cerebellum is involved in motor learning, and adaptations of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and optokinetic response (OKR) have been studied as models of cerebellum-dependent motor learning. Previous studies showed the involvement of adrenergic systems in the regulation of VOR, OKR and cerebellar synaptic functions. Here, we show differential contributions of β- and α2-adrenergic receptors in the mouse cerebellar flocculus to VOR and OKR control. Effects of application of β- or α2-adrenergic agonist or antagonist into the flocculus suggest that the β-adrenergic receptor activity maintains the VOR gain at high levels and contributes to adaptation of OKR, and that α2-adrenergic receptor counteracts the β-receptor activity in VOR and OKR control. We also examined effects of norepinephrine application, and the results suggest that norepinephrine regulates VOR and OKR through β-adrenergic receptor at low concentrations and through α2-receptor at high concentrations.
format	article
author	Ryo Wakita Soshi Tanabe Kazunari Tabei Asako Funaki Takuma Inoshita Tomoo Hirano
author_facet	Ryo Wakita Soshi Tanabe Kazunari Tabei Asako Funaki Takuma Inoshita Tomoo Hirano
author_sort	Ryo Wakita
title	Differential regulations of vestibulo-ocular reflex and optokinetic response by β- and α2-adrenergic receptors in the cerebellar flocculus
title_short	Differential regulations of vestibulo-ocular reflex and optokinetic response by β- and α2-adrenergic receptors in the cerebellar flocculus
title_full	Differential regulations of vestibulo-ocular reflex and optokinetic response by β- and α2-adrenergic receptors in the cerebellar flocculus
title_fullStr	Differential regulations of vestibulo-ocular reflex and optokinetic response by β- and α2-adrenergic receptors in the cerebellar flocculus
title_full_unstemmed	Differential regulations of vestibulo-ocular reflex and optokinetic response by β- and α2-adrenergic receptors in the cerebellar flocculus
title_sort	differential regulations of vestibulo-ocular reflex and optokinetic response by β- and α2-adrenergic receptors in the cerebellar flocculus
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/c09abcdc535c43008ed75c376086987f
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Differential regulations of vestibulo-ocular reflex and optokinetic response by β- and α2-adrenergic receptors in the cerebellar flocculus

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